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|  | <title>GNU Free Documentation License - Using as</title> | ||
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|  | This file documents the GNU Assembler "as". | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | Copyright (C) 1991, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 2000, 2001, 2002, | ||
|  | 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document | ||
|  | under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 | ||
|  | or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; | ||
|  | with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no | ||
|  | Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the | ||
|  | section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation License''. | ||
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|  | <p> | ||
|  | <a name="GNU-Free-Documentation-License"></a>Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="AS-Index.html#AS-Index">AS Index</a>, | ||
|  | Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="Acknowledgements.html#Acknowledgements">Acknowledgements</a>, | ||
|  | Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="index.html#Top">Top</a> | ||
|  | <hr><br> | ||
|  | </div> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | <h2 class="appendix">Appendix A GNU Free Documentation License</h2> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | <div align="center">Version 1.1, March 2000</div> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | <pre class="display">     Copyright (C) 2000, 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc. | ||
|  |      51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA | ||
|  |       | ||
|  |      Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies | ||
|  |      of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. | ||
|  | </pre> | ||
|  |    <pre class="sp"> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | </pre> | ||
|  |      <ol type=1 start=0> | ||
|  | <li>PREAMBLE | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other | ||
|  | written document “free” in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone | ||
|  | the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without | ||
|  | modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially.  Secondarily, | ||
|  | this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get | ||
|  | credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for | ||
|  | modifications made by others. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>This License is a kind of “copyleft”, which means that derivative | ||
|  | works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense.  It | ||
|  | complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft | ||
|  | license designed for free software. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free | ||
|  | software, because free software needs free documentation: a free | ||
|  | program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the | ||
|  | software does.  But this License is not limited to software manuals; | ||
|  | it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or | ||
|  | whether it is published as a printed book.  We recommend this License | ||
|  | principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <pre class="sp"> | ||
|  |       | ||
|  |      </pre> | ||
|  |      <li>APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>This License applies to any manual or other work that contains a | ||
|  | notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed | ||
|  | under the terms of this License.  The “Document”, below, refers to any | ||
|  | such manual or work.  Any member of the public is a licensee, and is | ||
|  | addressed as “you.” | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>A “Modified Version” of the Document means any work containing the | ||
|  | Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with | ||
|  | modifications and/or translated into another language. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>A “Secondary Section” is a named appendix or a front-matter section of | ||
|  | the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the | ||
|  | publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject | ||
|  | (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly | ||
|  | within that overall subject.  (For example, if the Document is in part a | ||
|  | textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any | ||
|  | mathematics.)  The relationship could be a matter of historical | ||
|  | connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, | ||
|  | commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding | ||
|  | them. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>The “Invariant Sections” are certain Secondary Sections whose titles | ||
|  | are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice | ||
|  | that says that the Document is released under this License. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>The “Cover Texts” are certain short passages of text that are listed, | ||
|  | as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that | ||
|  | the Document is released under this License. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>A “Transparent” copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, | ||
|  | represented in a format whose specification is available to the | ||
|  | general public, whose contents can be viewed and edited directly and | ||
|  | straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of | ||
|  | pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available | ||
|  | drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or | ||
|  | for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input | ||
|  | to text formatters.  A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file | ||
|  | format whose markup has been designed to thwart or discourage | ||
|  | subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent.  A copy that is | ||
|  | not “Transparent” is called “Opaque.” | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain | ||
|  | ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML | ||
|  | or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple | ||
|  | HTML designed for human modification.  Opaque formats include | ||
|  | PostScript, PDF, proprietary formats that can be read and edited only | ||
|  | by proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or | ||
|  | processing tools are not generally available, and the | ||
|  | machine-generated HTML produced by some word processors for output | ||
|  | purposes only. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>The “Title Page” means, for a printed book, the title page itself, | ||
|  | plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material | ||
|  | this License requires to appear in the title page.  For works in | ||
|  | formats which do not have any title page as such, “Title Page” means | ||
|  | the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title, | ||
|  | preceding the beginning of the body of the text. | ||
|  |      <pre class="sp"> | ||
|  |       | ||
|  |      </pre> | ||
|  |      <li>VERBATIM COPYING | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either | ||
|  | commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the | ||
|  | copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies | ||
|  | to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other | ||
|  | conditions whatsoever to those of this License.  You may not use | ||
|  | technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further | ||
|  | copying of the copies you make or distribute.  However, you may accept | ||
|  | compensation in exchange for copies.  If you distribute a large enough | ||
|  | number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and | ||
|  | you may publicly display copies. | ||
|  |      <pre class="sp"> | ||
|  |       | ||
|  |      </pre> | ||
|  |      <li>COPYING IN QUANTITY | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>If you publish printed copies of the Document numbering more than 100, | ||
|  | and the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose | ||
|  | the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover | ||
|  | Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on | ||
|  | the back cover.  Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify | ||
|  | you as the publisher of these copies.  The front cover must present | ||
|  | the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and | ||
|  | visible.  You may add other material on the covers in addition.  | ||
|  | Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve | ||
|  | the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated | ||
|  | as verbatim copying in other respects. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit | ||
|  | legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit | ||
|  | reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent | ||
|  | pages. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering | ||
|  | more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent | ||
|  | copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy | ||
|  | a publicly-accessible computer-network location containing a complete | ||
|  | Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material, which the | ||
|  | general network-using public has access to download anonymously at no | ||
|  | charge using public-standard network protocols.  If you use the latter | ||
|  | option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin | ||
|  | distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this | ||
|  | Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location | ||
|  | until at least one year after the last time you distribute an Opaque | ||
|  | copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that edition to | ||
|  | the public. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the | ||
|  | Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give | ||
|  | them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document. | ||
|  |      <pre class="sp"> | ||
|  |       | ||
|  |      </pre> | ||
|  |      <li>MODIFICATIONS | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under | ||
|  | the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release | ||
|  | the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified | ||
|  | Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution | ||
|  | and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy | ||
|  | of it.  In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version: | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct | ||
|  |    from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions | ||
|  |    (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section | ||
|  |    of the Document).  You may use the same title as a previous version | ||
|  |    if the original publisher of that version gives permission.<br> | ||
|  | B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities | ||
|  |    responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified | ||
|  |    Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the | ||
|  |    Document (all of its principal authors, if it has less than five).<br> | ||
|  | C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the | ||
|  |    Modified Version, as the publisher.<br> | ||
|  | D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.<br> | ||
|  | E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications | ||
|  |    adjacent to the other copyright notices.<br> | ||
|  | F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice | ||
|  |    giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the | ||
|  |    terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.<br> | ||
|  | G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections | ||
|  |    and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.<br> | ||
|  | H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.<br> | ||
|  | I. Preserve the section entitled “History”, and its title, and add to | ||
|  |    it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and | ||
|  |    publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page.  If | ||
|  |    there is no section entitled “History” in the Document, create one | ||
|  |    stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as | ||
|  |    given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified | ||
|  |    Version as stated in the previous sentence.<br> | ||
|  | J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for | ||
|  |    public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise | ||
|  |    the network locations given in the Document for previous versions | ||
|  |    it was based on.  These may be placed in the “History” section.  | ||
|  |    You may omit a network location for a work that was published at | ||
|  |    least four years before the Document itself, or if the original | ||
|  |    publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.<br> | ||
|  | K. In any section entitled “Acknowledgements” or “Dedications”, | ||
|  |    preserve the section's title, and preserve in the section all the | ||
|  |    substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements | ||
|  |    and/or dedications given therein.<br> | ||
|  | L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, | ||
|  |    unaltered in their text and in their titles.  Section numbers | ||
|  |    or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.<br> | ||
|  | M. Delete any section entitled “Endorsements.”  Such a section | ||
|  |    may not be included in the Modified Version.<br> | ||
|  | N. Do not retitle any existing section as “Endorsements” | ||
|  |    or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.<br> | ||
|  |      <pre class="sp"> | ||
|  |       | ||
|  |      </pre> | ||
|  |      If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or | ||
|  | appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material | ||
|  | copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all | ||
|  | of these sections as invariant.  To do this, add their titles to the | ||
|  | list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice.  | ||
|  | These titles must be distinct from any other section titles. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>You may add a section entitled “Endorsements”, provided it contains | ||
|  | nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various | ||
|  | parties–for example, statements of peer review or that the text has | ||
|  | been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a | ||
|  | standard. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a | ||
|  | passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list | ||
|  | of Cover Texts in the Modified Version.  Only one passage of | ||
|  | Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or | ||
|  | through arrangements made by) any one entity.  If the Document already | ||
|  | includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or | ||
|  | by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, | ||
|  | you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit | ||
|  | permission from the previous publisher that added the old one. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License | ||
|  | give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or | ||
|  | imply endorsement of any Modified Version. | ||
|  |      <pre class="sp"> | ||
|  |       | ||
|  |      </pre> | ||
|  |      <li>COMBINING DOCUMENTS | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>You may combine the Document with other documents released under this | ||
|  | License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified | ||
|  | versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the | ||
|  | Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and | ||
|  | list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its | ||
|  | license notice. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and | ||
|  | multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single | ||
|  | copy.  If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but | ||
|  | different contents, make the title of each such section unique by | ||
|  | adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original | ||
|  | author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number.  | ||
|  | Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of | ||
|  | Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>In the combination, you must combine any sections entitled “History” | ||
|  | in the various original documents, forming one section entitled | ||
|  | “History”; likewise combine any sections entitled “Acknowledgements”, | ||
|  | and any sections entitled “Dedications.”  You must delete all sections | ||
|  | entitled “Endorsements.” | ||
|  |      <pre class="sp"> | ||
|  |       | ||
|  |      </pre> | ||
|  |      <li>COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents | ||
|  | released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this | ||
|  | License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in | ||
|  | the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for | ||
|  | verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute | ||
|  | it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this | ||
|  | License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all | ||
|  | other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document. | ||
|  |      <pre class="sp"> | ||
|  |       | ||
|  |      </pre> | ||
|  |      <li>AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate | ||
|  | and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or | ||
|  | distribution medium, does not as a whole count as a Modified Version | ||
|  | of the Document, provided no compilation copyright is claimed for the | ||
|  | compilation.  Such a compilation is called an “aggregate”, and this | ||
|  | License does not apply to the other self-contained works thus compiled | ||
|  | with the Document, on account of their being thus compiled, if they | ||
|  | are not themselves derivative works of the Document. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these | ||
|  | copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one quarter | ||
|  | of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on | ||
|  | covers that surround only the Document within the aggregate.  | ||
|  | Otherwise they must appear on covers around the whole aggregate. | ||
|  |      <pre class="sp"> | ||
|  |       | ||
|  |      </pre> | ||
|  |      <li>TRANSLATION | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may | ||
|  | distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4.  | ||
|  | Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special | ||
|  | permission from their copyright holders, but you may include | ||
|  | translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the | ||
|  | original versions of these Invariant Sections.  You may include a | ||
|  | translation of this License provided that you also include the | ||
|  | original English version of this License.  In case of a disagreement | ||
|  | between the translation and the original English version of this | ||
|  | License, the original English version will prevail. | ||
|  |      <pre class="sp"> | ||
|  |       | ||
|  |      </pre> | ||
|  |      <li>TERMINATION | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except | ||
|  | as expressly provided for under this License.  Any other attempt to | ||
|  | copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will | ||
|  | automatically terminate your rights under this License.  However, | ||
|  | parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this | ||
|  | License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such | ||
|  | parties remain in full compliance. | ||
|  |      <pre class="sp"> | ||
|  |       | ||
|  |      </pre> | ||
|  |      <li>FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions | ||
|  | of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time.  Such new | ||
|  | versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may | ||
|  | differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.  See | ||
|  | http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |      <p>Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number.  | ||
|  | If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this | ||
|  | License “or any later version” applies to it, you have the option of | ||
|  | following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or | ||
|  | of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the | ||
|  | Free Software Foundation.  If the Document does not specify a version | ||
|  | number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not | ||
|  | as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |         </ol> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | <h3 class="unnumberedsec">ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents</h3> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | <p>To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of | ||
|  | the License in the document and put the following copyright and | ||
|  | license notices just after the title page: | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | <pre class="smallexample">     Copyright (C)  <var>year</var>  <var>your name</var>. | ||
|  |      Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document | ||
|  |      under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 | ||
|  |      or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; | ||
|  |      with the Invariant Sections being <var>list their titles</var>, with the | ||
|  |      Front-Cover Texts being <var>list</var>, and with the Back-Cover Texts being <var>list</var>. | ||
|  |      A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU | ||
|  |      Free Documentation License." | ||
|  | </pre> | ||
|  |    <p>If you have no Invariant Sections, write “with no Invariant Sections” | ||
|  | instead of saying which ones are invariant.  If you have no | ||
|  | Front-Cover Texts, write “no Front-Cover Texts” instead of | ||
|  | “Front-Cover Texts being <var>list</var>”; likewise for Back-Cover Texts. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |    <p>If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we | ||
|  | recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of | ||
|  | free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, | ||
|  | to permit their use in free software. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |    </body></html> | ||
|  | 
 |