203 lines
9 KiB
HTML
203 lines
9 KiB
HTML
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<title>Arduino - Braces </title>
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<p class='vspace'></p>
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</div>
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<div id="navbar_external">
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<a class="urllink" href="http://www.arduino.cc/blog/" rel="nofollow">Blog »</a><a class="urllink" href="http://www.arduino.cc/cgi-bin/yabb2/YaBB.pl" rel="nofollow">Forum »</a><a class="urllink" href="http://www.arduino.cc/playground/" rel="nofollow">Playground »</a>
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<div id="pagetext">
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<div id='wikitext'>
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<p><strong>Reference</strong> <a class='wikilink' href='index.html'>Language</a> | <a class='wikilink' href='Libraries.html'>Libraries</a> | <a class='wikilink' href='Comparison.html'>Comparison</a> | <a class='wikilink' href='Changes.html'>Changes</a>
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</p>
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<p class='vspace'></p><h2>{} Curly Braces</h2>
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<p>Curly braces (also referred to as just "braces" or as "curly brackets") are a major part of the C programming language. They are used in several different constructs, outlined below, and this can sometimes be confusing for beginners.
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</p>
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<p class='vspace'></p><p>An opening curly brace "{" must always be followed by a closing curly brace "}". This is a condition that is often referred to as the braces being balanced. The Arduino IDE (integrated development environment) includes a convenient feature to check the balance of curly braces. Just select a brace, or even click the insertion point immediately following a brace, and its logical companion will be highlighted.
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</p>
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<p class='vspace'></p><p>At present this feature is slightly buggy as the IDE will often find (incorrectly) a brace in text that has been "commented out."
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</p>
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<p class='vspace'></p><p>Beginning programmers, and programmers coming to C from the BASIC language often find using braces confusing or daunting. After all, the same curly braces replace the RETURN statement in a subroutine (function), the ENDIF statement in a conditional and the NEXT statement in a FOR loop.
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</p>
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<p class='vspace'></p><p>Because the use of the curly brace is so varied, it is good programming practice to type the closing brace immediately after typing the opening brace when inserting a construct which requires curly braces. Then insert some carriage returns between your braces and begin inserting statements. Your braces, and your attitude, will never become unbalanced.
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</p>
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<p class='vspace'></p><p>Unbalanced braces can often lead to cryptic, impenetrable compiler errors that can sometimes be hard to track down in a large program. Because of their varied usages, braces are also incredibly important to the syntax of a program and moving a brace one or two lines will often dramatically affect the meaning of a program.
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</p>
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<p class='vspace'></p><h4><strong>The main uses of curly braces</strong></h4>
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<h4>Functions</h4>
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<pre> void myfunction(datatype argument){
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statements(s)
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}
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</pre>
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<p class='vspace'></p><h4>Loops</h4>
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<pre> while (boolean expression)
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{
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statement(s)
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}
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do
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{
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statement(s)
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} while (boolean expression);
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for (initialisation; termination condition; incrementing expr)
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{
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statement(s)
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}
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</pre>
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<p class='vspace'></p><h4>Conditional statements</h4>
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<p class='vspace'></p><pre> if (boolean expression)
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{
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statement(s)
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}
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else if (boolean expression)
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{
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statement(s)
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}
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else
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{
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statement(s)
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}
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</pre>
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<p class='vspace'></p><p><a class='wikilink' href='index.html'>Reference Home</a>
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<p class='vspace'></p><p><a class='wikilink' href='index.html'>Reference Home</a>
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<p class='vspace'></p><p><em>Corrections, suggestions, and new documentation should be posted to the <a class='urllink' href='http://www.arduino.cc/cgi-bin/yabb2/YaBB.pl?board=swbugs' rel='nofollow'>Forum</a>.</em>
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</p>
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<p class='vspace'></p><p>The text of the Arduino reference is licensed under a
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<a class='urllink' href='http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/' rel='nofollow'>Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License</a>. Code samples in the reference are released into the public domain.
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