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arduinisten
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Merge branch 'master' of ssh://hygiene/srv/git/arduinisten

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master
neingeist 15 years ago
parent 181393821a 5d93efa09c
commit 06192bb337
473 changed files with 67893 additions and 0 deletions
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22
arduino-0018-linux/arduino
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#!/bin/sh
APPDIR="$(dirname -- "${0}")"
cd $APPDIR
for LIB in \
java/lib/rt.jar \
java/lib/tools.jar \
lib/*.jar \
;
do
CLASSPATH="${CLASSPATH}:${APPDIR}/${LIB}"
done
export CLASSPATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=`pwd`/lib:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PATH="${APPDIR}/java/bin:${PATH}"
java -Dswing.defaultlaf=com.sun.java.swing.plaf.gtk.GTKLookAndFeel processing.app.Base

50
arduino-0018-linux/examples/Analog/AnalogInOutSerial/AnalogInOutSerial.pde
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/*
Analog input, analog output, serial output
Reads an analog input pin, maps the result to a range from 0 to 255
and uses the result to set the pulsewidth modulation (PWM) of an output pin.
Also prints the results to the serial monitor.
The circuit:
* potentiometer connected to analog pin 0.
Center pin of the potentiometer goes to the analog pin.
side pins of the potentiometer go to +5V and ground
* LED connected from digital pin 9 to ground
created 29 Dec. 2008
by Tom Igoe
*/
// These constants won't change. They're used to give names
// to the pins used:
const int analogInPin = 0; // Analog input pin that the potentiometer is attached to
const int analogOutPin = 9; // Analog output pin that the LED is attached to
int sensorValue = 0; // value read from the pot
int outputValue = 0; // value output to the PWM (analog out)
void setup() {
// initialize serial communications at 9600 bps:
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
// read the analog in value:
sensorValue = analogRead(analogInPin);
// map it to the range of the analog out:
outputValue = map(sensorValue, 0, 1023, 0, 255);
// change the analog out value:
analogWrite(analogOutPin, outputValue);
// print the results to the serial monitor:
Serial.print("sensor = " );
Serial.print(sensorValue);
Serial.print("\t output = ");
Serial.println(outputValue);
// wait 10 milliseconds before the next loop
// for the analog-to-digital converter to settle
// after the last reading:
delay(10);
}

29
arduino-0018-linux/examples/Analog/AnalogInSerial/AnalogInSerial.pde
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/*
Analog input, serial output
Reads an analog input pin, prints the results to the serial monitor.
The circuit:
* potentiometer connected to analog pin 0.
Center pin of the potentiometer goes to the analog pin.
side pins of the potentiometer go to +5V and ground
created over and over again
by Tom Igoe and everyone who's ever used Arduino
*/
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
// read the analog input into a variable:
int analogValue = analogRead(0);
// print the result:
Serial.println(analogValue);
// wait 10 milliseconds for the analog-to-digital converter
// to settle after the last reading:
delay(10);
}

48
arduino-0018-linux/examples/Analog/AnalogInput/AnalogInput.pde
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/*
Analog Input
Demonstrates analog input by reading an analog sensor on analog pin 0 and
turning on and off a light emitting diode(LED) connected to digital pin 13.
The amount of time the LED will be on and off depends on
the value obtained by analogRead().
The circuit:
* Potentiometer attached to analog input 0
* center pin of the potentiometer to the analog pin
* one side pin (either one) to ground
* the other side pin to +5V
* LED anode (long leg) attached to digital output 13
* LED cathode (short leg) attached to ground
* Note: because most Arduinos have a built-in LED attached
to pin 13 on the board, the LED is optional.
Created by David Cuartielles
Modified 16 Jun 2009
By Tom Igoe
http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/AnalogInput
*/
int sensorPin = 0; // select the input pin for the potentiometer
int ledPin = 13; // select the pin for the LED
int sensorValue = 0; // variable to store the value coming from the sensor
void setup() {
// declare the ledPin as an OUTPUT:
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
// read the value from the sensor:
sensorValue = analogRead(sensorPin);
// turn the ledPin on
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
// stop the program for <sensorValue> milliseconds:
delay(sensorValue);
// turn the ledPin off:
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
// stop the program for for <sensorValue> milliseconds:
delay(sensorValue);
}

42
arduino-0018-linux/examples/Analog/AnalogWriteMega/AnalogWriteMega.pde
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/*
Mega analogWrite() test
This sketch fades LEDs up and down one at a time on digital pins 2 through 13.
This sketch was written for the Arduino Mega, and will not work on previous boards.
The circuit:
* LEDs attached from pins 2 through 13 to ground.
created 8 Feb 2009
by Tom Igoe
*/
// These constants won't change. They're used to give names
// to the pins used:
const int lowestPin = 2;
const int highestPin = 13;
void setup() {
// set pins 2 through 13 as outputs:
for (int thisPin =lowestPin; thisPin <= highestPin; thisPin++) {
pinMode(thisPin, OUTPUT);
}
}
void loop() {
// iterate over the pins:
for (int thisPin =lowestPin; thisPin <= highestPin; thisPin++) {
// fade the LED on thisPin from off to brightest:
for (int brightness = 0; brightness < 255; brightness++) {
analogWrite(thisPin, brightness);
delay(2);
}
// fade the LED on thisPin from brithstest to off:
for (int brightness = 255; brightness >= 0; brightness--) {
analogWrite(thisPin, brightness);
delay(2);
}
// pause between LEDs:
delay(100);
}
}

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arduino-0018-linux/examples/Analog/Calibration/Calibration.pde
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/*
Calibration
Demonstrates one techinque for calibrating sensor input. The
sensor readings during the first five seconds of the sketch
execution define the minimum and maximum of expected values
attached to the sensor pin.
The sensor minumum and maximum initial values may seem backwards.
Initially, you set the minimum high and listen for anything
lower, saving it as the new minumum. Likewise, you set the
maximum low and listen for anything higher as the new maximum.
The circuit:
* Analog sensor (potentiometer will do) attached to analog input 0
* LED attached from digital pin 9 to ground
created 29 Oct 2008
By David A Mellis
Modified 17 Jun 2009
By Tom Igoe
http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Calibration
*/
// These constants won't change:
const int sensorPin = 2; // pin that the sensor is attached to
const int ledPin = 9; // pin that the LED is attached to
// variables:
int sensorValue = 0; // the sensor value
int sensorMin = 1023; // minimum sensor value
int sensorMax = 0; // maximum sensor value
void setup() {
// turn on LED to signal the start of the calibration period:
pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
// calibrate during the first five seconds
while (millis() < 5000) {
sensorValue = analogRead(sensorPin);
// record the maximum sensor value
if (sensorValue > sensorMax) {
sensorMax = sensorValue;
}
// record the minimum sensor value
if (sensorValue < sensorMin) {
sensorMin = sensorValue;
}
}
// signal the end of the calibration period
digitalWrite(13, LOW);
}
void loop() {
// read the sensor:
sensorValue = analogRead(sensorPin);
// apply the calibration to the sensor reading
sensorValue = map(sensorValue, sensorMin, sensorMax, 0, 255);
// in case the sensor value is outside the range seen during calibration
sensorValue = constrain(sensorValue, 0, 255);
// fade the LED using the calibrated value:
analogWrite(ledPin, sensorValue);
}

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arduino-0018-linux/examples/Analog/Fading/Fading.pde
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/*
Fading
This example shows how to fade an LED using the analogWrite() function.
The circuit:
* LED attached from digital pin 9 to ground.
Created 1 Nov 2008
By David A. Mellis
Modified 17 June 2009
By Tom Igoe
http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Fading
*/
int ledPin = 9; // LED connected to digital pin 9
void setup() {
// nothing happens in setup
}
void loop() {
// fade in from min to max in increments of 5 points:
for(int fadeValue = 0 ; fadeValue <= 255; fadeValue +=5) {
// sets the value (range from 0 to 255):
analogWrite(ledPin, fadeValue);
// wait for 30 milliseconds to see the dimming effect
delay(30);
}
// fade out from max to min in increments of 5 points:
for(int fadeValue = 255 ; fadeValue >= 0; fadeValue -=5) {
// sets the value (range from 0 to 255):
analogWrite(ledPin, fadeValue);
// wait for 30 milliseconds to see the dimming effect
delay(30);
}
}

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arduino-0018-linux/examples/Analog/Smoothing/Smoothing.pde
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/*
Smoothing
Reads repeatedly from an analog input, calculating a running average
and printing it to the computer. Keeps ten readings in an array and
continually averages them.
The circuit:
* Analog sensor (potentiometer will do) attached to analog input 0
Created 22 April 2007
By David A. Mellis <dam@mellis.org>
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Smoothing
*/
// Define the number of samples to keep track of. The higher the number,
// the more the readings will be smoothed, but the slower the output will
// respond to the input. Using a constant rather than a normal variable lets
// use this value to determine the size of the readings array.
const int numReadings = 10;
int readings[numReadings]; // the readings from the analog input
int index = 0; // the index of the current reading
int total = 0; // the running total
int average = 0; // the average
int inputPin = 0;
void setup()
{
// initialize serial communication with computer:
Serial.begin(9600);
// initialize all the readings to 0:
for (int thisReading = 0; thisReading < numReadings; thisReading++)
readings[thisReading] = 0;
}
void loop() {
// subtract the last reading:
total= total - readings[index];
// read from the sensor:
readings[index] = analogRead(inputPin);
// add the reading to the total:
total= total + readings[index];
// advance to the next position in the array:
index = index + 1;
// if we're at the end of the array...
if (index >= numReadings)
// ...wrap around to the beginning:
index = 0;
// calculate the average:
average = total / numReadings;
// send it to the computer (as ASCII digits)
Serial.println(average, DEC);
}

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arduino-0018-linux/examples/ArduinoISP/ArduinoISP.pde
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// this sketch turns the Arduino into a AVRISP
// using the following pins:
// 10: slave reset
// 11: MOSI
// 12: MISO
// 13: SCK
// Put an LED (with resistor) on the following pins:
// 9: Heartbeat - shows the programmer is running
// 8: Error - Lights up if something goes wrong (use red if that makes sense)
// 7: Programming - In communication with the slave
//
// October 2009 by David A. Mellis
// - Added support for the read signature command
//
// February 2009 by Randall Bohn
// - Added support for writing to EEPROM (what took so long?)
// Windows users should consider WinAVR's avrdude instead of the
// avrdude included with Arduino software.
//
// January 2008 by Randall Bohn
// - Thanks to Amplificar for helping me with the STK500 protocol
// - The AVRISP/STK500 (mk I) protocol is used in the arduino bootloader
// - The SPI functions herein were developed for the AVR910_ARD programmer
// - More information at http://code.google.com/p/mega-isp
#define SCK 13
#define MISO 12
#define MOSI 11
#define RESET 10
#define LED_HB 9
#define LED_ERR 8
#define LED_PMODE 7
#define HWVER 2
#define SWMAJ 1
#define SWMIN 18
// STK Definitions
#define STK_OK 0x10
#define STK_FAILED 0x11
#define STK_UNKNOWN 0x12
#define STK_INSYNC 0x14
#define STK_NOSYNC 0x15
#define CRC_EOP 0x20 //ok it is a space...
void pulse(int pin, int times);
void setup() {
Serial.begin(19200);
pinMode(7, OUTPUT);
pulse(7, 2);
pinMode(8, OUTPUT);
pulse(8, 2);
pinMode(9, OUTPUT);
pulse(9, 2);
}
int error=0;
int pmode=0;
// address for reading and writing, set by 'U' command
int here;
uint8_t buff[256]; // global block storage
#define beget16(addr) (*addr * 256 + *(addr+1) )
typedef struct param {
uint8_t devicecode;
uint8_t revision;
uint8_t progtype;
uint8_t parmode;
uint8_t polling;
uint8_t selftimed;
uint8_t lockbytes;
uint8_t fusebytes;
int flashpoll;
int eeprompoll;
int pagesize;
int eepromsize;
int flashsize;
}
parameter;
parameter param;
// this provides a heartbeat on pin 9, so you can tell the software is running.
uint8_t hbval=128;
int8_t hbdelta=8;
void heartbeat() {
if (hbval > 192) hbdelta = -hbdelta;
if (hbval < 32) hbdelta = -hbdelta;
hbval += hbdelta;
analogWrite(LED_HB, hbval);
delay(40);
}
void loop(void) {
// is pmode active?
if (pmode) digitalWrite(LED_PMODE, HIGH);
else digitalWrite(LED_PMODE, LOW);
// is there an error?
if (error) digitalWrite(LED_ERR, HIGH);
else digitalWrite(LED_ERR, LOW);
// light the heartbeat LED
heartbeat();
if (Serial.available()) {
avrisp();
}
}
uint8_t getch() {
while(!Serial.available());
return Serial.read();
}
void readbytes(int n) {
for (int x = 0; x < n; x++) {
buff[x] = Serial.read();
}
}
#define PTIME 30
void pulse(int pin, int times) {
do {
digitalWrite(pin, HIGH);
delay(PTIME);
digitalWrite(pin, LOW);
delay(PTIME);
}
while (times--);
}
void spi_init() {
uint8_t x;
SPCR = 0x53;
x=SPSR;
x=SPDR;
}
void spi_wait() {
do {
}
while (!(SPSR & (1 << SPIF)));
}
uint8_t spi_send(uint8_t b) {
uint8_t reply;
SPDR=b;
spi_wait();
reply = SPDR;
return reply;
}
uint8_t spi_transaction(uint8_t a, uint8_t b, uint8_t c, uint8_t d) {
uint8_t n;
spi_send(a);
n=spi_send(b);
//if (n != a) error = -1;
n=spi_send(c);
return spi_send(d);
}
void empty_reply() {
if (CRC_EOP == getch()) {
Serial.print((char)STK_INSYNC);
Serial.print((char)STK_OK);
}
else {
Serial.print((char)STK_NOSYNC);
}
}
void breply(uint8_t b) {
if (CRC_EOP == getch()) {
Serial.print((char)STK_INSYNC);
Serial.print((char)b);
Serial.print((char)STK_OK);
}
else {
Serial.print((char)STK_NOSYNC);
}
}
void get_version(uint8_t c) {
switch(c) {
case 0x80:
breply(HWVER);
break;
case 0x81:
breply(SWMAJ);
break;
case 0x82:
breply(SWMIN);
break;
case 0x93:
breply('S'); // serial programmer
break;
default:
breply(0);
}
}
void set_parameters() {
// call this after reading paramter packet into buff[]
param.devicecode = buff[0];
param.revision = buff[1];
param.progtype = buff[2];
param.parmode = buff[3];
param.polling = buff[4];
param.selftimed = buff[5];
param.lockbytes = buff[6];
param.fusebytes = buff[7];
param.flashpoll = buff[8];
// ignore buff[9] (= buff[8])
//getch(); // discard second value
// WARNING: not sure about the byte order of the following
// following are 16 bits (big endian)
param.eeprompoll = beget16(&buff[10]);
param.pagesize = beget16(&buff[12]);
param.eepromsize = beget16(&buff[14]);
// 32 bits flashsize (big endian)
param.flashsize = buff[16] * 0x01000000
+ buff[17] * 0x00010000
+ buff[18] * 0x00000100
+ buff[19];
}
void start_pmode() {
spi_init();
// following delays may not work on all targets...
pinMode(RESET, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(RESET, HIGH);
pinMode(SCK, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(SCK, LOW);
delay(50);
digitalWrite(RESET, LOW);
delay(50);
pinMode(MISO, INPUT);
pinMode(MOSI, OUTPUT);
spi_transaction(0xAC, 0x53, 0x00, 0x00);
pmode = 1;
}
void end_pmode() {
pinMode(MISO, INPUT);
pinMode(MOSI, INPUT);
pinMode(SCK, INPUT);
pinMode(RESET, INPUT);
pmode = 0;
}
void universal() {
int w;
uint8_t ch;
for (w = 0; w < 4; w++) {
buff[w] = getch();
}
ch = spi_transaction(buff[0], buff[1], buff[2], buff[3]);
breply(ch);
}
void flash(uint8_t hilo, int addr, uint8_t data) {
spi_transaction(0x40+8*hilo,
addr>>8 & 0xFF,
addr & 0xFF,
data);
}
void commit(int addr) {
spi_transaction(0x4C, (addr >> 8) & 0xFF, addr & 0xFF, 0);
}
//#define _current_page(x) (here & 0xFFFFE0)
int current_page(int addr) {
if (param.pagesize == 32) return here & 0xFFFFFFF0;
if (param.pagesize == 64) return here & 0xFFFFFFE0;
if (param.pagesize == 128) return here & 0xFFFFFFC0;
if (param.pagesize == 256) return here & 0xFFFFFF80;
return here;
}
uint8_t write_flash(int length) {
if (param.pagesize < 1) return STK_FAILED;
//if (param.pagesize != 64) return STK_FAILED;
int page = current_page(here);
int x = 0;
while (x < length) {
if (page != current_page(here)) {
commit(page);
page = current_page(here);
}
flash(LOW, here, buff[x++]);
flash(HIGH, here, buff[x++]);
here++;
}
commit(page);
return STK_OK;
}
uint8_t write_eeprom(int length) {
// here is a word address, so we use here*2
// this writes byte-by-byte,
// page writing may be faster (4 bytes at a time)
for (int x = 0; x < length; x++) {
spi_transaction(0xC0, 0x00, here*2+x, buff[x]);
delay(45);
}
return STK_OK;
}
void program_page() {
char result = (char) STK_FAILED;
int length = 256 * getch() + getch();
if (length > 256) {
Serial.print((char) STK_FAILED);
return;
}
char memtype = getch();
for (int x = 0; x < length; x++) {
buff[x] = getch();
}
if (CRC_EOP == getch()) {
Serial.print((char) STK_INSYNC);
if (memtype == 'F') result = (char)write_flash(length);
if (memtype == 'E') result = (char)write_eeprom(length);
Serial.print(result);
}
else {
Serial.print((char) STK_NOSYNC);
}
}
uint8_t flash_read(uint8_t hilo, int addr) {
return spi_transaction(0x20 + hilo * 8,
(addr >> 8) & 0xFF,
addr & 0xFF,
0);
}
char flash_read_page(int length) {
for (int x = 0; x < length; x+=2) {
uint8_t low = flash_read(LOW, here);
Serial.print((char) low);
uint8_t high = flash_read(HIGH, here);
Serial.print((char) high);
here++;
}
return STK_OK;
}
char eeprom_read_page(int length) {
// here again we have a word address
for (int x = 0; x < length; x++) {
uint8_t ee = spi_transaction(0xA0, 0x00, here*2+x, 0xFF);
Serial.print((char) ee);
}
return STK_OK;
}
void read_page() {
char result = (char)STK_FAILED;
int length = 256 * getch() + getch();
char memtype = getch();
if (CRC_EOP != getch()) {
Serial.print((char) STK_NOSYNC);
return;
}
Serial.print((char) STK_INSYNC);
if (memtype == 'F') result = flash_read_page(length);
if (memtype == 'E') result = eeprom_read_page(length);
Serial.print(result);
return;
}
void read_signature() {
if (CRC_EOP != getch()) {
Serial.print((char) STK_NOSYNC);
return;
}
Serial.print((char) STK_INSYNC);
uint8_t high = spi_transaction(0x30, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00);
Serial.print((char) high);
uint8_t middle = spi_transaction(0x30, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00);
Serial.print((char) middle);
uint8_t low = spi_transaction(0x30, 0x00, 0x02, 0x00);
Serial.print((char) low);
Serial.print((char) STK_OK);
}
//////////////////////////////////////////
//////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////
int avrisp() {
uint8_t data, low, high;
uint8_t ch = getch();
switch (ch) {
case '0': // signon
empty_reply();
break;
case '1':
if (getch() == CRC_EOP) {
Serial.print((char) STK_INSYNC);
Serial.print("AVR ISP");
Serial.print((char) STK_OK);
}
break;
case 'A':
get_version(getch());
break;
case 'B':
readbytes(20);
set_parameters();
empty_reply();
break;
case 'E': // extended parameters - ignore for now
readbytes(5);
empty_reply();
break;
case 'P':
start_pmode();
empty_reply();
break;
case 'U':
here = getch() + 256 * getch();
empty_reply();
break;
case 0x60: //STK_PROG_FLASH
low = getch();
high = getch();
empty_reply();
break;
case 0x61: //STK_PROG_DATA
data = getch();
empty_reply();
break;
case 0x64: //STK_PROG_PAGE
program_page();
break;
case 0x74: //STK_READ_PAGE
read_page();
break;
case 'V':
universal();
break;
case 'Q':
error=0;
end_pmode();
empty_reply();
break;
case 0x75: //STK_READ_SIGN
read_signature();
break;
// expecting a command, not CRC_EOP
// this is how we can get back in sync
case CRC_EOP:
Serial.print((char) STK_NOSYNC);
break;
// anything else we will return STK_UNKNOWN
default:
if (CRC_EOP == getch())
Serial.print((char)STK_UNKNOWN);
else
Serial.print((char)STK_NOSYNC);
}
}

73
arduino-0018-linux/examples/Communication/ASCIITable/ASCIITable.pde
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/*
ASCII table
Prints out byte values in all possible formats:
* as raw binary values
* as ASCII-encoded decimal, hex, octal, and binary values
For more on ASCII, see http://www.asciitable.com and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCII
The circuit: No external hardware needed.
created 2006
by Nicholas Zambetti
modified 18 Jan 2009
by Tom Igoe
<http://www.zambetti.com>
*/
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
// prints title with ending line break
Serial.println("ASCII Table ~ Character Map");
}
// first visible ASCIIcharacter '!' is number 33:
int thisByte = 33;
// you can also write ASCII characters in single quotes.
// for example. '!' is the same as 33, so you could also use this:
//int thisByte = '!';
void loop()
{
// prints value unaltered, i.e. the raw binary version of the
// byte. The serial monitor interprets all bytes as
// ASCII, so 33, the first number, will show up as '!'
Serial.print(thisByte, BYTE);
Serial.print(", dec: ");
// prints value as string as an ASCII-encoded decimal (base 10).
// Decimal is the default format for Serial.print() and Serial.println(),
// so no modifier is needed:
Serial.print(thisByte);
// But you can declare the modifier for decimal if you want to.
//this also works if you uncomment it:
// Serial.print(thisByte, DEC);
Serial.print(", hex: ");
// prints value as string in hexadecimal (base 16):
Serial.print(thisByte, HEX);
Serial.print(", oct: ");
// prints value as string in octal (base 8);
Serial.print(thisByte, OCT);
Serial.print(", bin: ");
// prints value as string in binary (base 2)
// also prints ending line break:
Serial.println(thisByte, BIN);
// if printed last visible character '~' or 126, stop:
if(thisByte == 126) { // you could also use if (thisByte == '~') {
// This loop loops forever and does nothing
while(true) {
continue;
}
}
// go on to the next character
thisByte++;
}

360
arduino-0018-linux/examples/Communication/Dimmer/Dimmer.pde
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/*
Dimmer
Demonstrates the sending data from the computer to the Arduino board,
in this case to control the brightness of an LED. The data is sent
in individual bytes, each of which ranges from 0 to 255. Arduino
reads these bytes and uses them to set the brightness of the LED.
The circuit:
LED attached from digital pin 9 to ground.
Serial connection to Processing, Max/MSP, or another serial application
created 2006
by David A. Mellis
modified 14 Apr 2009
by Tom Igoe and Scott Fitzgerald
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Dimmer
*/
const int ledPin = 9; // the pin that the LED is attached to
void setup()
{
// initialize the serial communication:
Serial.begin(9600);
// initialize the ledPin as an output:
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
byte brightness;
// check if data has been sent from the computer:
if (Serial.available()) {
// read the most recent byte (which will be from 0 to 255):
brightness = Serial.read();
// set the brightness of the LED:
analogWrite(ledPin, brightness);
}
}
/* Processing code for this example
// Dimmer - sends bytes over a serial port
// by David A. Mellis
import processing.serial.*;
Serial port;
void setup() {
size(256, 150);
println("Available serial ports:");
println(Serial.list());
// Uses the first port in this list (number 0). Change this to
// select the port corresponding to your Arduino board. The last
// parameter (e.g. 9600) is the speed of the communication. It
// has to correspond to the value passed to Serial.begin() in your
// Arduino sketch.
port = new Serial(this, Serial.list()[0], 9600);
// If you know the name of the port used by the Arduino board, you
// can specify it directly like this.
//port = new Serial(this, "COM1", 9600);
}
void draw() {
// draw a gradient from black to white
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
stroke(i);
line(i, 0, i, 150);
}
// write the current X-position of the mouse to the serial port as
// a single byte
port.write(mouseX);
}
*/
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578
arduino-0018-linux/examples/Communication/Graph/Graph.pde
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/*
Graph
A simple example of communication from the Arduino board to the computer:
the value of analog input 0 is sent out the serial port. We call this "serial"
communication because the connection appears to both the Arduino and the
computer as a serial port, even though it may actually use
a USB cable. Bytes are sent one after another (serially) from the Arduino
to the computer.
You can use the Arduino serial monitor to view the sent data, or it can
be read by Processing, PD, Max/MSP, or any other program capable of reading
data from a serial port. The Processing code below graphs the data received
so you can see the value of the analog input changing over time.
The circuit:
Any analog input sensor is attached to analog in pin 0.
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Graph
created 2006
by David A. Mellis
modified 14 Apr 2009
by Tom Igoe and Scott Fitzgerald
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Graph
*/
void setup() {
// initialize the serial communication:
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
// send the value of analog input 0:
Serial.println(analogRead(0));
// wait a bit for the analog-to-digital converter
// to stabilize after the last reading:
delay(10);
}
/* Processing code for this example
// Graphing sketch
// This program takes ASCII-encoded strings
// from the serial port at 9600 baud and graphs them. It expects values in the
// range 0 to 1023, followed by a newline, or newline and carriage return
// Created 20 Apr 2005
// Updated 18 Jan 2008
// by Tom Igoe
import processing.serial.*;
Serial myPort; // The serial port
int xPos = 1; // horizontal position of the graph
void setup () {
// set the window size:
size(400, 300);
// List all the available serial ports
println(Serial.list());
// I know that the first port in the serial list on my mac
// is always my Arduino, so I open Serial.list()[0].
// Open whatever port is the one you're using.
myPort = new Serial(this, Serial.list()[0], 9600);
// don't generate a serialEvent() unless you get a newline character:
myPort.bufferUntil('\n');
// set inital background:
background(0);
}
void draw () {
// everything happens in the serialEvent()
}
void serialEvent (Serial myPort) {
// get the ASCII string:
String inString = myPort.readStringUntil('\n');
if (inString != null) {
// trim off any whitespace:
inString = trim(inString);
// convert to an int and map to the screen height:
float inByte = float(inString);
inByte = map(inByte, 0, 1023, 0, height);
// draw the line:
stroke(127,34,255);
line(xPos, height, xPos, height - inByte);
// at the edge of the screen, go back to the beginning:
if (xPos >= width) {
xPos = 0;
background(0);
}
else {
// increment the horizontal position:
xPos++;
}
}
}
*/
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47
arduino-0018-linux/examples/Communication/MIDI/Midi.pde
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/*
MIDI note player
This sketch shows how to use the serial transmit pin (pin 1) to send MIDI note data.
If this circuit is connected to a MIDI synth, it will play
the notes F#-0 (0x1E) to F#-5 (0x5A) in sequence.
The circuit:
* digital in 1 connected to MIDI jack pin 5
* MIDI jack pin 2 connected to ground
* MIDI jack pin 4 connected to +5V through 220-ohm resistor
Attach a MIDI cable to the jack, then to a MIDI synth, and play music.
created 13 Jun 2006
modified 2 Jul 2009
by Tom Igoe
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/MIDI
*/
void setup() {
// Set MIDI baud rate:
Serial.begin(31250);
}
void loop() {
// play notes from F#-0 (0x1E) to F#-5 (0x5A):
for (intnote = 0x1E; note < 0x5A; note ++) {
//Note on channel 1 (0x90), some note value (note), middle velocity (0x45):
noteOn(0x90, note, 0x45);
delay(100);
//Note on channel 1 (0x90), some note value (note), silent velocity (0x00):
noteOn(0x90, note, 0x00);
delay(100);
}
}
// plays a MIDI note. Doesn't check to see that
// cmd is greater than 127, or that data values are less than 127:
void noteOn(int cmd, int pitch, int velocity) {
Serial.print(cmd, BYTE);
Serial.print(pitch, BYTE);
Serial.print(velocity, BYTE);
}

31
arduino-0018-linux/examples/Communication/MultiSerialMega/MultiSerialMega.pde
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/*
Mega multple serial test
Receives from the main serial port, sends to the others.
Receives from serial port 1, sends to the main serial (Serial 0).
This example works only on the Arduino Mega
The circuit:
* Any serial device attached to Serial port 1
* Serial monitor open on Serial port 0:
created 30 Dec. 2008
by Tom Igoe
*/
void setup() {
// initialize both serial ports:
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial1.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
// read from port 1, send to port 0:
if (Serial1.available()) {
int inByte = Serial1.read();
Serial.print(inByte, BYTE);
}
}

707
arduino-0018-linux/examples/Communication/PhysicalPixel/PhysicalPixel.pde
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/*
Physical Pixel
An example of using the Arduino board to receive data from the
computer. In this case, the Arduino boards turns on an LED when
it receives the character 'H', and turns off the LED when it
receives the character 'L'.
The data can be sent from the Arduino serial monitor, or another
program like Processing (see code below), Flash (via a serial-net
proxy), PD, or Max/MSP.
The circuit:
* LED connected from digital pin 13 to ground
created 2006
by David A. Mellis
modified 14 Apr 2009
by Tom Igoe and Scott Fitzgerald
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/PhysicalPixel
*/
const int ledPin = 13; // the pin that the LED is attached to
int incomingByte; // a variable to read incoming serial data into
void setup() {
// initialize serial communication:
Serial.begin(9600);
// initialize the LED pin as an output:
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
// see if there's incoming serial data:
if (Serial.available() > 0) {
// read the oldest byte in the serial buffer:
incomingByte = Serial.read();
// if it's a capital H (ASCII 72), turn on the LED:
if (incomingByte == 'H') {
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
}
// if it's an L (ASCII 76) turn off the LED:
if (incomingByte == 'L') {
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
}
}
}
/* Processing code for this example
// mouseover serial
// Demonstrates how to send data to the Arduino I/O board, in order to
// turn ON a light if the mouse is over a square and turn it off
// if the mouse is not.
// created 2003-4
// based on examples by Casey Reas and Hernando Barragan
// modified 18 Jan 2009
// by Tom Igoe
import processing.serial.*;
float boxX;
float boxY;
int boxSize = 20;
boolean mouseOverBox = false;
Serial port;
void setup() {
size(200, 200);
boxX = width/2.0;
boxY = height/2.0;
rectMode(RADIUS);
// List all the available serial ports in the output pane.
// You will need to choose the port that the Arduino board is
// connected to from this list. The first port in the list is
// port #0 and the third port in the list is port #2.
println(Serial.list());
// Open the port that the Arduino board is connected to (in this case #0)
// Make sure to open the port at the same speed Arduino is using (9600bps)
port = new Serial(this, Serial.list()[0], 9600);
}
void draw()
{
background(0);
// Test if the cursor is over the box
if (mouseX > boxX-boxSize && mouseX < boxX+boxSize &&
mouseY > boxY-boxSize && mouseY < boxY+boxSize) {
mouseOverBox = true;
// draw a line around the box and change its color:
stroke(255);
fill(153);
// send an 'H' to indicate mouse is over square:
port.write('H');
}
else {
// return the box to it's inactive state:
stroke(153);
fill(153);
// send an 'L' to turn the LED off:
port.write('L');
mouseOverBox = false;
}
// Draw the box
rect(boxX, boxY, boxSize, boxSize);
}
*/
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arduino-0018-linux/examples/Communication/SerialCallResponse/SerialCallResponse.pde
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arduino-0018-linux/examples/Communication/SerialCallResponseASCII/SerialCallResponseASCII.pde
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arduino-0018-linux/examples/Communication/VirtualColorMixer/VirtualColorMixer.pde
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/*
This example reads three analog sensors (potentiometers are easiest)
and sends their values serially. The Processing and Max/MSP programs at the bottom
take those three values and use them to change the background color of the screen.
The circuit:
* potentiometers attached to analog inputs 0, 1, and 2
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/VirtualColorMixer
created 2 Dec 2006
by David A. Mellis
modified 14 Apr 2009
by Tom Igoe and Scott Fitzgerald
*/
const int redPin = 0; // sensor to control red color
const int greenPin = 1; // sensor to control green color
const int bluePin = 2; // sensor to control blue color
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop()
{
Serial.print(analogRead(redPin));
Serial.print(",");
Serial.print(analogRead(greenPin));
Serial.print(",");
Serial.println(analogRead(bluePin));
}
/* Processing code for this example
import processing.serial.*;
float redValue = 0; // red value
float greenValue = 0; // green value
float blueValue = 0; // blue value
Serial myPort;
void setup() {
size(200, 200);
// List all the available serial ports
println(Serial.list());
// I know that the first port in the serial list on my mac
// is always my Arduino, so I open Serial.list()[0].
// Open whatever port is the one you're using.
myPort = new Serial(this, Serial.list()[0], 9600);
// don't generate a serialEvent() unless you get a newline character:
myPort.bufferUntil('\n');
}
void draw() {
// set the background color with the color values:
background(redValue, greenValue, blueValue);
}
void serialEvent(Serial myPort) {
// get the ASCII string:
String inString = myPort.readStringUntil('\n');
if (inString != null) {
// trim off any whitespace:
inString = trim(inString);
// split the string on the commas and convert the
// resulting substrings into an integer array:
float[] colors = float(split(inString, ","));
// if the array has at least three elements, you know
// you got the whole thing. Put the numbers in the
// color variables:
if (colors.length >=3) {
// map them to the range 0-255:
redValue = map(colors[0], 0, 1023, 0, 255);
greenValue = map(colors[1], 0, 1023, 0, 255);
blueValue = map(colors[2], 0, 1023, 0, 255);
}
}
}
*/
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55
arduino-0018-linux/examples/Control/Arrays/Arrays.pde
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/*
Arrays
Demonstrates the use of an array to hold pin numbers
in order to iterate over the pins in a sequence.
Lights multiple LEDs in sequence, then in reverse.
Unlike the For Loop tutorial, where the pins have to be
contiguous, here the pins can be in any random order.
The circuit:
* LEDs from pins 2 through 7 to ground
created 2006
by David A. Mellis
modified 5 Jul 2009
by Tom Igoe
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Array
*/
int timer = 100; // The higher the number, the slower the timing.
int ledPins[] = {
2, 7, 4, 6, 5, 3 }; // an array of pin numbers to which LEDs are attached
int pinCount = 6; // the number of pins (i.e. the length of the array)
void setup() {
int thisPin;
// the array elements are numbered from 0 to (pinCount - 1).
// use a for loop to initialize each pin as an output:
for (int thisPin = 0; thisPin < pinCount; thisPin++) {
pinMode(ledPins[thisPin], OUTPUT);
}
}
void loop() {
// loop from the lowest pin to the highest:
for (int thisPin = 0; thisPin < pinCount; thisPin++) {
// turn the pin on:
digitalWrite(ledPins[thisPin], HIGH);
delay(timer);
// turn the pin off:
digitalWrite(ledPins[thisPin], LOW);
}
// loop from the highest pin to the lowest:
for (int thisPin = pinCount - 1; thisPin >= 0; thisPin--) {
// turn the pin on:
digitalWrite(ledPins[thisPin], HIGH);
delay(timer);
// turn the pin off:
digitalWrite(ledPins[thisPin], LOW);
}
}

45
arduino-0018-linux/examples/Control/ForLoopIteration/ForLoopIteration.pde
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/*
For Loop Iteration
Demonstrates the use of a for() loop.
Lights multiple LEDs in sequence, then in reverse.
The circuit:
* LEDs from pins 2 through 7 to ground
created 2006
by David A. Mellis
modified 5 Jul 2009
by Tom Igoe
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/ForLoop
*/
int timer = 100; // The higher the number, the slower the timing.
void setup() {
// use a for loop to initialize each pin as an output:
for (int thisPin = 2; thisPin < 8; thisPin++) {
pinMode(thisPin, OUTPUT);
}
}
void loop() {
// loop from the lowest pin to the highest:
for (int thisPin = 2; thisPin < 8; thisPin++) {
// turn the pin on:
digitalWrite(thisPin, HIGH);
delay(timer);
// turn the pin off:
digitalWrite(thisPin, LOW);
}
// loop from the highest pin to the lowest:
for (int thisPin = 7; thisPin >= 2; thisPin--) {
// turn the pin on:
digitalWrite(thisPin, HIGH);
delay(timer);
// turn the pin off:
digitalWrite(thisPin, LOW);
}
}

53
arduino-0018-linux/examples/Control/IfStatementConditional/IfStatementConditional.pde
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/*
Conditionals - If statement
This example demonstrates the use of if() statements.
It reads the state of a potentiometer (an analog input) and turns on an LED
only if the LED goes above a certain threshold level. It prints the analog value
regardless of the level.
The circuit:
* potentiometer connected to analog pin 0.
Center pin of the potentiometer goes to the analog pin.
side pins of the potentiometer go to +5V and ground
* LED connected from digital pin 13 to ground
* Note: On most Arduino boards, there is already an LED on the board
connected to pin 13, so you don't need any extra components for this example.
created 17 Jan 2009
by Tom Igoe
http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/
*/
// These constants won't change:
const int analogPin = 0; // pin that the sensor is attached to
const int ledPin = 13; // pin that the LED is attached to
const int threshold = 400; // an arbitrary threshold level that's in the range of the analog input
void setup() {
// initialize the LED pin as an output:
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
// initialize serial communications:
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
// read the value of the potentiometer:
int analogValue = analogRead(analogPin);
// if the analog value is high enough, turn on the LED:
if (analogValue > threshold) {
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
}
else {
digitalWrite(ledPin,LOW);
}
// print the analog value:
Serial.println(analogValue, DEC);
}

86
arduino-0018-linux/examples/Control/WhileStatementConditional/WhileStatementConditional.pde
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/*
Conditionals - while statement
This example demonstrates the use of while() statements.
While the pushbutton is pressed, the sketch runs the calibration routine.
The sensor readings during the while loop define the minimum and maximum
of expected values from the photo resistor.
This is a variation on the calibrate example.
The circuit:
* photo resistor connected from +5V to analog in pin 0
* 10K resistor connected from ground to analog in pin 0
* LED connected from digital pin 9 to ground through 220 ohm resistor
* pushbutton attached from pin 2 to +5V
* 10K resistor attached from pin 2 to ground
created 17 Jan 2009
modified 25 Jun 2009
by Tom Igoe
http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/WhileLoop
*/
// These constants won't change:
const int sensorPin = 2; // pin that the sensor is attached to
const int ledPin = 9; // pin that the LED is attached to
const int indicatorLedPin = 13; // pin that the built-in LED is attached to
const int buttonPin = 2; // pin that the button is attached to
// These variables will change:
int sensorMin = 1023; // minimum sensor value
int sensorMax = 0; // maximum sensor value
int sensorValue = 0; // the sensor value
void setup() {
// set the LED pins as outputs and the switch pin as input:
pinMode(indicatorLedPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode (ledPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode (buttonPin, INPUT);
}
void loop() {
// while the button is pressed, take calibration readings:
while (digitalRead(buttonPin) == HIGH) {
calibrate();
}
// signal the end of the calibration period
digitalWrite(indicatorLedPin, LOW);
// read the sensor:
sensorValue = analogRead(sensorPin);
// apply the calibration to the sensor reading
sensorValue = map(sensorValue, sensorMin, sensorMax, 0, 255);
// in case the sensor value is outside the range seen during calibration
sensorValue = constrain(sensorValue, 0, 255);
// fade the LED using the calibrated value:
analogWrite(ledPin, sensorValue);
}
void calibrate() {
// turn on the indicator LED to indicate that calibration is happening:
digitalWrite(indicatorLedPin, HIGH);
// read the sensor:
sensorValue = analogRead(sensorPin);
// record the maximum sensor value
if (sensorValue > sensorMax) {
sensorMax = sensorValue;
}
// record the minimum sensor value
if (sensorValue < sensorMin) {
sensorMin = sensorValue;
}
}

59
arduino-0018-linux/examples/Control/switchCase/switchCase.pde
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/*
Switch statement
Demonstrates the use of a switch statement. The switch
statement allows you to choose from among a set of discrete values
of a variable. It's like a series of if statements.
To see this sketch in action, but the board and sensor in a well-lit
room, open the serial monitor, and and move your hand gradually
down over the sensor.
The circuit:
* photoresistor from analog in 0 to +5V
* 10K resistor from analog in 0 to ground
created 1 Jul 2009
by Tom Igoe
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/SwitchCase
*/
// these constants won't change:
const int sensorMin = 0; // sensor minimum, discovered through experiment
const int sensorMax = 600; // sensor maximum, discovered through experiment
void setup() {
// initialize serial communication:
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
// read the sensor:
int sensorReading = analogRead(0);
// map the sensor range to a range of four options:
int range = map(sensorReading, sensorMin, sensorMax, 0, 3);
// do something different depending on the
// range value:
switch (range) {
case 0: // your hand is on the sensor
Serial.println("dark");
break;
case 1: // your hand is close to the sensor
Serial.println("dim");
break;
case 2: // your hand is a few inches from the sensor
Serial.println("medium");
break;
case 3: // your hand is nowhere near the sensor
Serial.println("bright");
break;
}
}

64
arduino-0018-linux/examples/Control/switchCase2/switchCase2.pde
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/*
Switch statement with serial input
Demonstrates the use of a switch statement. The switch
statement allows you to choose from among a set of discrete values
of a variable. It's like a series of if statements.
To see this sketch in action, open the Serial monitor and send any character.
The characters a, b, c, d, and e, will turn on LEDs. Any other character will turn
the LEDs off.
The circuit:
* 5 LEDs attached to digital pins 2 through 6 through 220-ohm resistors
created 1 Jul 2009
by Tom Igoe
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/SwitchCase2
*/
void setup() {
// initialize serial communication:
Serial.begin(9600);
// initialize the LED pins:
for (int thisPin = 2; thisPin < 7; thisPin++) {
pinMode(thisPin, OUTPUT);
}
}
void loop() {
// read the sensor:
if (Serial.available() > 0) {
int inByte = Serial.read();
// do something different depending on the character received.
// The switch statement expects single number values for each case;
// in this exmaple, though, you're using single quotes to tell
// the controller to get the ASCII value for the character. For
// example 'a' = 97, 'b' = 98, and so forth:
switch (inByte) {
case 'a':
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
break;
case 'b':
digitalWrite(3, HIGH);
break;
case 'c':
digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
break;
case 'd':
digitalWrite(5, HIGH);
break;
case 'e':
digitalWrite(6, HIGH);
break;
default:
// turn all the LEDs off:
for (int thisPin = 2; thisPin < 7; thisPin++) {
digitalWrite(thisPin, LOW);
}
}
}
}

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arduino-0018-linux/examples/Digital/Blink/Blink.pde
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/*
Blink
Turns on an LED on for one second, then off for one second, repeatedly.
The circuit:
* LED connected from digital pin 13 to ground.
* Note: On most Arduino boards, there is already an LED on the board
connected to pin 13, so you don't need any extra components for this example.
Created 1 June 2005
By David Cuartielles
http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Blink
based on an orginal by H. Barragan for the Wiring i/o board
*/
int ledPin = 13; // LED connected to digital pin 13
// The setup() method runs once, when the sketch starts
void setup() {
// initialize the digital pin as an output:
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}
// the loop() method runs over and over again,
// as long as the Arduino has power
void loop()
{
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH); // set the LED on
delay(1000); // wait for a second
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW); // set the LED off
delay(1000); // wait for a second
}

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arduino-0018-linux/examples/Digital/BlinkWithoutDelay/BlinkWithoutDelay.pde
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/* Blink without Delay
Turns on and off a light emitting diode(LED) connected to a digital
pin, without using the delay() function. This means that other code
can run at the same time without being interrupted by the LED code.
The circuit:
* LED attached from pin 13 to ground.
* Note: on most Arduinos, there is already an LED on the board
that's attached to pin 13, so no hardware is needed for this example.
created 2005
by David A. Mellis
modified 17 Jun 2009
by Tom Igoe
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/BlinkWithoutDelay
*/
// constants won't change. Used here to
// set pin numbers:
const int ledPin = 13; // the number of the LED pin
// Variables will change:
int ledState = LOW; // ledState used to set the LED
long previousMillis = 0; // will store last time LED was updated
// the follow variables is a long because the time, measured in miliseconds,
// will quickly become a bigger number than can be stored in an int.
long interval = 1000; // interval at which to blink (milliseconds)
void setup() {
// set the digital pin as output:
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
// here is where you'd put code that needs to be running all the time.
// check to see if it's time to blink the LED; that is, is the difference
// between the current time and last time we blinked the LED bigger than
// the interval at which we want to blink the LED.
if (millis() - previousMillis > interval) {
// save the last time you blinked the LED
previousMillis = millis();
// if the LED is off turn it on and vice-versa:
if (ledState == LOW)
ledState = HIGH;
else
ledState = LOW;
// set the LED with the ledState of the variable:
digitalWrite(ledPin, ledState);
}
}

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arduino-0018-linux/examples/Digital/Button/Button.pde
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/*
Button
Turns on and off a light emitting diode(LED) connected to digital
pin 13, when pressing a pushbutton attached to pin 7.
The circuit:
* LED attached from pin 13 to ground
* pushbutton attached to pin 2 from +5V
* 10K resistor attached to pin 2 from ground
* Note: on most Arduinos there is already an LED on the board
attached to pin 13.
created 2005
by DojoDave <http://www.0j0.org>
modified 17 Jun 2009
by Tom Igoe
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Button
*/
// constants won't change. They're used here to
// set pin numbers:
const int buttonPin = 2; // the number of the pushbutton pin
const int ledPin = 13; // the number of the LED pin
// variables will change:
int buttonState = 0; // variable for reading the pushbutton status
void setup() {
// initialize the LED pin as an output:
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
// initialize the pushbutton pin as an input:
pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT);
}
void loop(){
// read the state of the pushbutton value:
buttonState = digitalRead(buttonPin);
// check if the pushbutton is pressed.
// if it is, the buttonState is HIGH:
if (buttonState == HIGH) {
// turn LED on:
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
}
else {
// turn LED off:
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
}
}

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arduino-0018-linux/examples/Digital/Debounce/Debounce.pde
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/*
Debounce
Each time the input pin goes from LOW to HIGH (e.g. because of a push-button
press), the output pin is toggled from LOW to HIGH or HIGH to LOW. There's
a minimum delay between toggles to debounce the circuit (i.e. to ignore
noise).
The circuit:
* LED attached from pin 13 to ground
* pushbutton attached from pin 2 to +5V
* 10K resistor attached from pin 2 to ground
* Note: On most Arduino boards, there is already an LED on the board
connected to pin 13, so you don't need any extra components for this example.
created 21 November 2006
by David A. Mellis
modified 3 Jul 2009
by Limor Fried
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Debounce
*/
// constants won't change. They're used here to
// set pin numbers:
const int buttonPin = 2; // the number of the pushbutton pin
const int ledPin = 13; // the number of the LED pin
// Variables will change:
int ledState = HIGH; // the current state of the output pin
int buttonState; // the current reading from the input pin
int lastButtonState = LOW; // the previous reading from the input pin
// the following variables are long's because the time, measured in miliseconds,
// will quickly become a bigger number than can be stored in an int.
long lastDebounceTime = 0; // the last time the output pin was toggled
long debounceDelay = 50; // the debounce time; increase if the output flickers
void setup() {
pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT);
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
// read the state of the switch into a local variable:
int reading = digitalRead(buttonPin);
// check to see if you just pressed the button
// (i.e. the input went from LOW to HIGH), and you've waited
// long enough since the last press to ignore any noise:
// If the switch changed, due to noise or pressing:
if (reading != lastButtonState) {
// reset the debouncing timer
lastDebounceTime = millis();
}
if ((millis() - lastDebounceTime) > debounceDelay) {
// whatever the reading is at, it's been there for longer
// than the debounce delay, so take it as the actual current state:
buttonState = reading;
}
// set the LED using the state of the button:
digitalWrite(ledPin, buttonState);
// save the reading. Next time through the loop,
// it'll be the lastButtonState:
lastButtonState = reading;
}

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arduino-0018-linux/examples/Digital/StateChangeDetection/StateChangeDetection.pde
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/*
State change detection (edge detection)
Often, you don't need to know the state of a digital input all the time,
but you just need to know when the input changes from one state to another.
For example, you want to know when a button goes from OFF to ON. This is called
state change detection, or edge detection.
This example shows how to detect when a button or button changes from off to on
and on to off.
The circuit:
* pushbutton attached to pin 2 from +5V
* 10K resistor attached to pin 2 from ground
* LED attached from pin 13 to ground (or use the built-in LED on
most Arduino boards)
created 27 Sep 2005
modified 30 Dec 2009
by Tom Igoe
http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/ButtonStateChange
*/
// this constant won't change:
const int buttonPin = 2; // the pin that the pushbutton is attached to
const int ledPin = 13; // the pin that the LED is attached to
// Variables will change:
int buttonPushCounter = 0; // counter for the number of button presses
int buttonState = 0; // current state of the button
int lastButtonState = 0; // previous state of the button
void setup() {
// initialize the button pin as a input:
pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT);
// initialize the LED as an output:
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
// initialize serial communication:
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
// read the pushbutton input pin:
buttonState = digitalRead(buttonPin);
// compare the buttonState to its previous state
if (buttonState != lastButtonState) {
// if the state has changed, increment the counter
if (buttonState == HIGH) {
// if the current state is HIGH then the button
// wend from off to on:
buttonPushCounter++;
Serial.println("on");
Serial.print("number of button pushes: ");
Serial.println(buttonPushCounter, DEC);
}
else {
// if the current state is LOW then the button
// wend from on to off:
Serial.println("off");
}
// save the current state as the last state,
//for next time through the loop
lastButtonState = buttonState;
}
// turns on the LED every four button pushes by
// checking the modulo of the button push counter.
// the modulo function gives you the remainder of
// the division of two numbers:
if (buttonPushCounter % 4 == 0) {
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
} else {
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
}
}

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arduino-0018-linux/examples/Digital/toneKeyboard/pitches.h
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/*************************************************
* Public Constants
*************************************************/
#define NOTE_B0 31
#define NOTE_C1 33
#define NOTE_CS1 35
#define NOTE_D1 37
#define NOTE_DS1 39
#define NOTE_E1 41
#define NOTE_F1 44
#define NOTE_FS1 46
#define NOTE_G1 49
#define NOTE_GS1 52
#define NOTE_A1 55
#define NOTE_AS1 58
#define NOTE_B1 62
#define NOTE_C2 65
#define NOTE_CS2 69
#define NOTE_D2 73
#define NOTE_DS2 78
#define NOTE_E2 82
#define NOTE_F2 87
#define NOTE_FS2 93
#define NOTE_G2 98
#define NOTE_GS2 104
#define NOTE_A2 110
#define NOTE_AS2 117
#define NOTE_B2 123
#define NOTE_C3 131
#define NOTE_CS3 139
#define NOTE_D3 147
#define NOTE_DS3 156
#define NOTE_E3 165
#define NOTE_F3 175
#define NOTE_FS3 185
#define NOTE_G3 196
#define NOTE_GS3 208
#define NOTE_A3 220
#define NOTE_AS3 233
#define NOTE_B3 247
#define NOTE_C4 262
#define NOTE_CS4 277
#define NOTE_D4 294
#define NOTE_DS4 311
#define NOTE_E4 330
#define NOTE_F4 349
#define NOTE_FS4 370
#define NOTE_G4 392
#define NOTE_GS4 415
#define NOTE_A4 440
#define NOTE_AS4 466
#define NOTE_B4 494
#define NOTE_C5 523
#define NOTE_CS5 554
#define NOTE_D5 587
#define NOTE_DS5 622
#define NOTE_E5 659
#define NOTE_F5 698
#define NOTE_FS5 740
#define NOTE_G5 784
#define NOTE_GS5 831
#define NOTE_A5 880
#define NOTE_AS5 932
#define NOTE_B5 988
#define NOTE_C6 1047
#define NOTE_CS6 1109
#define NOTE_D6 1175
#define NOTE_DS6 1245
#define NOTE_E6 1319
#define NOTE_F6 1397
#define NOTE_FS6 1480
#define NOTE_G6 1568
#define NOTE_GS6 1661
#define NOTE_A6 1760
#define NOTE_AS6 1865
#define NOTE_B6 1976
#define NOTE_C7 2093
#define NOTE_CS7 2217
#define NOTE_D7 2349
#define NOTE_DS7 2489
#define NOTE_E7 2637
#define NOTE_F7 2794
#define NOTE_FS7 2960
#define NOTE_G7 3136
#define NOTE_GS7 3322
#define NOTE_A7 3520
#define NOTE_AS7 3729
#define NOTE_B7 3951
#define NOTE_C8 4186
#define NOTE_CS8 4435
#define NOTE_D8 4699
#define NOTE_DS8 4978

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arduino-0018-linux/examples/Digital/toneKeyboard/toneKeyboard.pde
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/*
keyboard
Plays a pitch that changes based on a changing analog input
circuit:
* 3 force-sensing resistors from +5V to analog in 0 through 5
* 3 10K resistors from analog in 0 through 5 to ground
* 8-ohm speaker on digital pin 8
created 21 Jan 2010
by Tom Igoe
http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Tone3
*/
#include "pitches.h"
const int threshold = 10; // minimum reading of the sensors that generates a note
// notes to play, corresponding to the 3 sensors:
int notes[] = {
NOTE_A4, NOTE_B4,NOTE_C3 };
void setup() {
}
void loop() {
for (int thisSensor = 0; thisSensor < 3; thisSensor++) {
// get a sensor reading:
int sensorReading = analogRead(thisSensor);
// if the sensor is pressed hard enough:
if (sensorReading > threshold) {
// play the note corresponding to this sensor:
tone(8, notes[thisSensor], 20);
}
}
Serial.println();
}

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arduino-0018-linux/examples/Digital/toneMelody/pitches.h
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/*************************************************
* Public Constants
*************************************************/
#define NOTE_B0 31
#define NOTE_C1 33
#define NOTE_CS1 35
#define NOTE_D1 37
#define NOTE_DS1 39
#define NOTE_E1 41
#define NOTE_F1 44
#define NOTE_FS1 46
#define NOTE_G1 49
#define NOTE_GS1 52
#define NOTE_A1 55
#define NOTE_AS1 58
#define NOTE_B1 62
#define NOTE_C2 65
#define NOTE_CS2 69
#define NOTE_D2 73
#define NOTE_DS2 78
#define NOTE_E2 82
#define NOTE_F2 87
#define NOTE_FS2 93
#define NOTE_G2 98
#define NOTE_GS2 104
#define NOTE_A2 110
#define NOTE_AS2 117
#define NOTE_B2 123
#define NOTE_C3 131
#define NOTE_CS3 139
#define NOTE_D3 147
#define NOTE_DS3 156
#define NOTE_E3 165
#define NOTE_F3 175
#define NOTE_FS3 185
#define NOTE_G3 196
#define NOTE_GS3 208
#define NOTE_A3 220
#define NOTE_AS3 233
#define NOTE_B3 247
#define NOTE_C4 262
#define NOTE_CS4 277
#define NOTE_D4 294
#define NOTE_DS4 311
#define NOTE_E4 330
#define NOTE_F4 349
#define NOTE_FS4 370
#define NOTE_G4 392
#define NOTE_GS4 415
#define NOTE_A4 440
#define NOTE_AS4 466
#define NOTE_B4 494
#define NOTE_C5 523
#define NOTE_CS5 554
#define NOTE_D5 587
#define NOTE_DS5 622
#define NOTE_E5 659
#define NOTE_F5 698
#define NOTE_FS5 740
#define NOTE_G5 784
#define NOTE_GS5 831
#define NOTE_A5 880
#define NOTE_AS5 932
#define NOTE_B5 988
#define NOTE_C6 1047
#define NOTE_CS6 1109
#define NOTE_D6 1175
#define NOTE_DS6 1245
#define NOTE_E6 1319
#define NOTE_F6 1397
#define NOTE_FS6 1480
#define NOTE_G6 1568
#define NOTE_GS6 1661
#define NOTE_A6 1760
#define NOTE_AS6 1865
#define NOTE_B6 1976
#define NOTE_C7 2093
#define NOTE_CS7 2217
#define NOTE_D7 2349
#define NOTE_DS7 2489
#define NOTE_E7 2637
#define NOTE_F7 2794
#define NOTE_FS7 2960
#define NOTE_G7 3136
#define NOTE_GS7 3322
#define NOTE_A7 3520
#define NOTE_AS7 3729
#define NOTE_B7 3951
#define NOTE_C8 4186
#define NOTE_CS8 4435
#define NOTE_D8 4699
#define NOTE_DS8 4978

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arduino-0018-linux/examples/Digital/toneMelody/toneMelody.pde
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/*
Melody
Plays a melody
circuit:
* 8-ohm speaker on digital pin 8
created 21 Jan 2010
by Tom Igoe
http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Tone
*/
#include "pitches.h"
// notes in the melody:
int melody[] = {
NOTE_C4, NOTE_G3,NOTE_G3, NOTE_A3, NOTE_G3,0, NOTE_B3, NOTE_C4};
// note durations: 4 = quarter note, 8 = eighth note, etc.:
int noteDurations[] = {
4, 8, 8, 4,4,4,4,4 };
void setup() {
// iterate over the notes of the melody:
for (int thisNote = 0; thisNote < 8; thisNote++) {
// to calculate the note duration, take one second
// divided by the note type.
//e.g. quarter note = 1000 / 4, eighth note = 1000/8, etc.
int noteDuration = 1000/noteDurations[thisNote];
tone(8, melody[thisNote],noteDuration);
// to distinguish the notes, set a minimum time between them.
// the note's duration + 30% seems to work well:
int pauseBetweenNotes = noteDuration * 1.30;
delay(pauseBetweenNotes);
}
}
void loop() {
// no need to repeat the melody.
}

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arduino-0018-linux/examples/Digital/tonePitchFollower/tonePitchFollower.pde
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/*
Pitch follower
Plays a pitch that changes based on a changing analog input
circuit:
* 8-ohm speaker on digital pin 8
* photoresistor on analog 0 to 5V
* 4.7K resistor on analog 0 to ground
created 21 Jan 2010
by Tom Igoe
http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Tone2
*/
void setup() {
// initialize serial communications (for debugging only):
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
// read the sensor:
int sensorReading = analogRead(0);
// print the sensor reading so you know its range
Serial.println(sensorReading);
// map the pitch to the range of the analog input.
// change the minimum and maximum input numbers below
// depending on the range your sensor's giving:
int thisPitch = map(sensorReading, 400, 1000, 100, 1000);
// play the pitch:
tone(8, thisPitch, 10);
}

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arduino-0018-linux/examples/Display/RowColumnScanning/RowColumnScanning.pde
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/*
Row-Column Scanning an 8x8 LED matrix with X-Y input
This example controls an 8x8 LED matrix using two analog inputs
created 27 May 2009
modified 29 Jun 2009
by Tom Igoe
This example works for the Lumex LDM-24488NI Matrix. See
http://sigma.octopart.com/140413/datasheet/Lumex-LDM-24488NI.pdf
for the pin connections
For other LED cathode column matrixes, you should only need to change
the pin numbers in the row[] and column[] arrays
rows are the anodes
cols are the cathodes
---------
Pin numbers:
Matrix:
* Digital pins 2 through 13,
* analog pins 2 through 5 used as digital 16 through 19
Potentiometers:
* center pins are attached to analog pins 0 and 1, respectively
* side pins attached to +5V and ground, respectively.
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/RowColumnScanning
see also http://www.tigoe.net/pcomp/code/category/arduinowiring/514 for more
*/
// 2-dimensional array of row pin numbers:
const int row[8] = {
2,7,19,5,13,18,12,16 };
// 2-dimensional array of column pin numbers:
const int col[8] = {
6,11,10,3,17,4,8,9 };
// 2-dimensional array of pixels:
int pixels[8][8];
// cursor position:
int x = 5;
int y = 5;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
// initialize the I/O pins as outputs:
// iterate over the pins:
for (int thisPin = 0; thisPin < 8; thisPin++) {
// initialize the output pins:
pinMode(col[thisPin], OUTPUT);
pinMode(row[thisPin], OUTPUT);
// take the col pins (i.e. the cathodes) high to ensure that
// the LEDS are off:
digitalWrite(col[thisPin], HIGH);
}
// initialize the pixel matrix:
for (int x = 0; x < 8; x++) {
for (int y = 0; y < 8; y++) {
pixels[x][y] = HIGH;
}
}
}
void loop() {
// read input:
readSensors();
// draw the screen:
refreshScreen();
}
void readSensors() {
// turn off the last position:
pixels[x][y] = HIGH;
// read the sensors for X and Y values:
x = 7 - map(analogRead(0), 0, 1023, 0, 7);
y = map(analogRead(1), 0, 1023, 0, 7);
// set the new pixel position low so that the LED will turn on
// in the next screen refresh:
pixels[x][y] = LOW;
}
void refreshScreen() {
// iterate over the rows (anodes):
for (int thisRow = 0; thisRow < 8; thisRow++) {
// take the row pin (anode) high:
digitalWrite(row[thisRow], HIGH);
// iterate over the cols (cathodes):
for (int thisCol = 0; thisCol < 8; thisCol++) {
// get the state of the current pixel;
int thisPixel = pixels[thisRow][thisCol];
// when the row is HIGH and the col is LOW,
// the LED where they meet turns on:
digitalWrite(col[thisCol], thisPixel);
// turn the pixel off:
if (thisPixel == LOW) {
digitalWrite(col[thisCol], HIGH);
}
}
// take the row pin low to turn off the whole row:
digitalWrite(row[thisRow], LOW);
}
}

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arduino-0018-linux/examples/Display/barGraph/barGraph.pde
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/*
LED bar graph
Turns on a series of LEDs based on the value of an analog sensor.
This is a simple way to make a bar graph display. Though this graph
uses 10 LEDs, you can use any number by changing the LED count
and the pins in the array.
This method can be used to control any series of digital outputs that
depends on an analog input.
The circuit:
* LEDs from pins 2 through 11 to ground
created 26 Jun 2009
by Tom Igoe
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/BarGraph
*/
// these constants won't change:
const int analogPin = 0; // the pin that the potentiometer is attached to
const int ledCount = 10; // the number of LEDs in the bar graph
int ledPins[] = {
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,8,9,10,11 }; // an array of pin numbers to which LEDs are attached
void setup() {
// loop over the pin array and set them all to output:
for (int thisLed = 0; thisLed < ledCount; thisLed++) {
pinMode(ledPins[thisLed], OUTPUT);
}
}
void loop() {
// read the potentiometer:
int sensorReading = analogRead(analogPin);
// map the result to a range from 0 to the number of LEDs:
int ledLevel = map(sensorReading, 0, 1023, 0, ledCount);
// loop over the LED array:
for (int thisLed = 0; thisLed < ledCount; thisLed++) {
// if the array element's index is less than ledLevel,
// turn the pin for this element on:
if (thisLed < ledLevel) {
digitalWrite(ledPins[thisLed], HIGH);
}
// turn off all pins higher than the ledLevel:
else {
digitalWrite(ledPins[thisLed], LOW);
}
}
}

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arduino-0018-linux/examples/Sensors/ADXL3xx/ADXL3xx.pde
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/*
ADXL3xx
Reads an Analog Devices ADXL3xx accelerometer and communicates the
acceleration to the computer. The pins used are designed to be easily
compatible with the breakout boards from Sparkfun, available from:
http://www.sparkfun.com/commerce/categories.php?c=80
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/ADXL3xx
The circuit:
analog 0: accelerometer self test
analog 1: z-axis
analog 2: y-axis
analog 3: x-axis
analog 4: ground
analog 5: vcc
created 2 Jul 2008
by David A. Mellis
modified 26 Jun 2009
by Tom Igoe
*/
// these constants describe the pins. They won't change:
const int groundpin = 18; // analog input pin 4 -- ground
const int powerpin = 19; // analog input pin 5 -- voltage
const int xpin = 3; // x-axis of the accelerometer
const int ypin = 2; // y-axis
const int zpin = 1; // z-axis (only on 3-axis models)
void setup()
{
// initialize the serial communications:
Serial.begin(9600);
// Provide ground and power by using the analog inputs as normal
// digital pins. This makes it possible to directly connect the
// breakout board to the Arduino. If you use the normal 5V and
// GND pins on the Arduino, you can remove these lines.
pinMode(groundpin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(powerpin, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(groundpin, LOW);
digitalWrite(powerpin, HIGH);
}
void loop()
{
// print the sensor values:
Serial.print(analogRead(xpin));
// print a tab between values:
Serial.print("\t");
Serial.print(analogRead(ypin));
// print a tab between values:
Serial.print("\t");
Serial.print(analogRead(zpin));
Serial.println();
// delay before next reading:
delay(100);
}

53
arduino-0018-linux/examples/Sensors/Knock/Knock.pde
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/* Knock Sensor
This sketch reads a piezo element to detect a knocking sound.
It reads an analog pin and compares the result to a set threshold.
If the result is greater than the threshold, it writes
"knock" to the serial port, and toggles the LED on pin 13.
The circuit:
* + connection of the piezo attached to analog in 0
* - connection of the piezo attached to ground
* 1-megohm resistor attached from analog in 0 to ground
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Knock
created 25 Mar 2007
by David Cuartielles <http://www.0j0.org>
modified 30 Jun 2009
by Tom Igoe
*/
// these constants won't change:
const int ledPin = 13; // led connected to digital pin 13
const int knockSensor = 0; // the piezo is connected to analog pin 0
const int threshold = 100; // threshold value to decide when the detected sound is a knock or not
// these variables will change:
int sensorReading = 0; // variable to store the value read from the sensor pin
int ledState = LOW; // variable used to store the last LED status, to toggle the light
void setup() {
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT); // declare the ledPin as as OUTPUT
Serial.begin(9600); // use the serial port
}
void loop() {
// read the sensor and store it in the variable sensorReading:
sensorReading = analogRead(knockSensor);
// if the sensor reading is greater than the threshold:
if (sensorReading >= threshold) {
// toggle the status of the ledPin:
ledState = !ledState;
// update the LED pin itself:
digitalWrite(ledPin, ledState);
// send the string "Knock!" back to the computer, followed by newline
Serial.println("Knock!");
}
delay(100); // delay to avoid overloading the serial port buffer
}

61
arduino-0018-linux/examples/Sensors/Memsic2125/Memsic2125.pde
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/*
Memsic2125
Read the Memsic 2125 two-axis accelerometer. Converts the
pulses output by the 2125 into milli-g's (1/1000 of earth's
gravity) and prints them over the serial connection to the
computer.
The circuit:
* X output of accelerometer to digital pin 2
* Y output of accelerometer to digital pin 3
* +V of accelerometer to +5V
* GND of accelerometer to ground
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Memsic2125
created 6 Nov 2008
by David A. Mellis
modified 30 Jun 2009
by Tom Igoe
*/
// these constants won't change:
const int xPin = 2; // X output of the accelerometer
const int yPin = 3; // Y output of the accelerometer
void setup() {
// initialize serial communications:
Serial.begin(9600);
// initialize the pins connected to the accelerometer
// as inputs:
pinMode(xPin, INPUT);
pinMode(yPin, INPUT);
}
void loop() {
// variables to read the pulse widths:
int pulseX, pulseY;
// variables to contain the resulting accelerations
int accelerationX, accelerationY;
// read pulse from x- and y-axes:
pulseX = pulseIn(xPin,HIGH);
pulseY = pulseIn(yPin,HIGH);
// convert the pulse width into acceleration
// accelerationX and accelerationY are in milli-g's:
// earth's gravity is 1000 milli-g's, or 1g.
accelerationX = ((pulseX / 10) - 500) * 8;
accelerationY = ((pulseY / 10) - 500) * 8;
// print the acceleration
Serial.print(accelerationX);
// print a tab character:
Serial.print("\t");
Serial.print(accelerationY);
Serial.println();
delay(100);
}

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arduino-0018-linux/examples/Sensors/Ping/Ping.pde
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/* Ping))) Sensor
This sketch reads a PING))) ultrasonic rangefinder and returns the
distance to the closest object in range. To do this, it sends a pulse
to the sensor to initiate a reading, then listens for a pulse
to return. The length of the returning pulse is proportional to
the distance of the object from the sensor.
The circuit:
* +V connection of the PING))) attached to +5V
* GND connection of the PING))) attached to ground
* SIG connection of the PING))) attached to digital pin 7
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Ping
created 3 Nov 2008
by David A. Mellis
modified 30 Jun 2009
by Tom Igoe
*/
// this constant won't change. It's the pin number
// of the sensor's output:
const int pingPin = 7;
void setup() {
// initialize serial communication:
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop()
{
// establish variables for duration of the ping,
// and the distance result in inches and centimeters:
long duration, inches, cm;
// The PING))) is triggered by a HIGH pulse of 2 or more microseconds.
// Give a short LOW pulse beforehand to ensure a clean HIGH pulse:
pinMode(pingPin, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(pingPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(pingPin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(5);
digitalWrite(pingPin, LOW);
// The same pin is used to read the signal from the PING))): a HIGH
// pulse whose duration is the time (in microseconds) from the sending
// of the ping to the reception of its echo off of an object.
pinMode(pingPin, INPUT);
duration = pulseIn(pingPin, HIGH);
// convert the time into a distance
inches = microsecondsToInches(duration);
cm = microsecondsToCentimeters(duration);
Serial.print(inches);
Serial.print("in, ");
Serial.print(cm);
Serial.print("cm");
Serial.println();
delay(100);
}
long microsecondsToInches(long microseconds)
{
// According to Parallax's datasheet for the PING))), there are
// 73.746 microseconds per inch (i.e. sound travels at 1130 feet per
// second). This gives the distance travelled by the ping, outbound
// and return, so we divide by 2 to get the distance of the obstacle.
// See: http://www.parallax.com/dl/docs/prod/acc/28015-PING-v1.3.pdf
return microseconds / 74 / 2;
}
long microsecondsToCentimeters(long microseconds)
{
// The speed of sound is 340 m/s or 29 microseconds per centimeter.
// The ping travels out and back, so to find the distance of the
// object we take half of the distance travelled.
return microseconds / 29 / 2;
}

12
arduino-0018-linux/examples/Stubs/AnalogReadSerial/AnalogReadSerial.pde
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void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
int sensorValue = analogRead(0);
Serial.println(sensorValue, DEC);
}

13
arduino-0018-linux/examples/Stubs/AnalogReadWrite/AnalogReadWrite.pde
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void setup() {
pinMode(6, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
int sensorValue = analogRead(2);
int ledFadeValue = map(sensorValue, 0, 1023, 0, 255);
analogWrite(6, ledFadeValue);
}

9
arduino-0018-linux/examples/Stubs/BareMinumum/BareMinumum.pde
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void setup() {
}
void loop() {
}

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arduino-0018-linux/examples/Stubs/DigitalReadSerial/DigitalReadSerial.pde
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void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(2, INPUT);
}
void loop() {
int sensorValue = digitalRead(2);
Serial.println(sensorValue, DEC);
}

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arduino-0018-linux/examples/Stubs/DigitalReadWrite/DigitalReadWrite.pde
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void setup() {
pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
int switchValue = digitalRead(2);
digitalWrite(13, switchValue);
}

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arduino-0018-linux/examples/Stubs/HelloWorld/HelloWorld.pde
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void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
Serial.println("Hello World!");
}

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arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/boards.txt
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##############################################################
atmega328.name=Arduino Duemilanove or Nano w/ ATmega328
atmega328.upload.protocol=stk500
atmega328.upload.maximum_size=30720
atmega328.upload.speed=57600
atmega328.bootloader.low_fuses=0xFF
atmega328.bootloader.high_fuses=0xDA
atmega328.bootloader.extended_fuses=0x05
atmega328.bootloader.path=atmega
atmega328.bootloader.file=ATmegaBOOT_168_atmega328.hex
atmega328.bootloader.unlock_bits=0x3F
atmega328.bootloader.lock_bits=0x0F
atmega328.build.mcu=atmega328p
atmega328.build.f_cpu=16000000L
atmega328.build.core=arduino
##############################################################
diecimila.name=Arduino Diecimila, Duemilanove, or Nano w/ ATmega168
diecimila.upload.protocol=stk500
diecimila.upload.maximum_size=14336
diecimila.upload.speed=19200
diecimila.bootloader.low_fuses=0xff
diecimila.bootloader.high_fuses=0xdd
diecimila.bootloader.extended_fuses=0x00
diecimila.bootloader.path=atmega
diecimila.bootloader.file=ATmegaBOOT_168_diecimila.hex
diecimila.bootloader.unlock_bits=0x3F
diecimila.bootloader.lock_bits=0x0F
diecimila.build.mcu=atmega168
diecimila.build.f_cpu=16000000L
diecimila.build.core=arduino
##############################################################
mega.name=Arduino Mega
mega.upload.protocol=stk500
mega.upload.maximum_size=126976
mega.upload.speed=57600
mega.bootloader.low_fuses=0xFF
mega.bootloader.high_fuses=0xDA
mega.bootloader.extended_fuses=0xF5
mega.bootloader.path=atmega
mega.bootloader.file=ATmegaBOOT_168_atmega1280.hex
mega.bootloader.unlock_bits=0x3F
mega.bootloader.lock_bits=0x0F
mega.build.mcu=atmega1280
mega.build.f_cpu=16000000L
mega.build.core=arduino
##############################################################
mini.name=Arduino Mini
mini.upload.protocol=stk500
mini.upload.maximum_size=14336
mini.upload.speed=19200
mini.bootloader.low_fuses=0xff
mini.bootloader.high_fuses=0xdd
mini.bootloader.extended_fuses=0x00
mini.bootloader.path=atmega
mini.bootloader.file=ATmegaBOOT_168_ng.hex
mini.bootloader.unlock_bits=0x3F
mini.bootloader.lock_bits=0x0F
mini.build.mcu=atmega168
mini.build.f_cpu=16000000L
mini.build.core=arduino
##############################################################
bt.name=Arduino BT
bt.upload.protocol=stk500
bt.upload.maximum_size=14336
bt.upload.speed=19200
bt.upload.disable_flushing=true
bt.bootloader.low_fuses=0xff
bt.bootloader.high_fuses=0xdd
bt.bootloader.extended_fuses=0x00
bt.bootloader.path=bt
bt.bootloader.file=ATmegaBOOT_168.hex
bt.bootloader.unlock_bits=0x3F
bt.bootloader.lock_bits=0x0F
bt.build.mcu=atmega168
bt.build.f_cpu=16000000L
bt.build.core=arduino
##############################################################
lilypad328.name=LilyPad Arduino w/ ATmega328
lilypad328.upload.protocol=stk500
lilypad328.upload.maximum_size=30720
lilypad328.upload.speed=57600
lilypad328.bootloader.low_fuses=0xFF
lilypad328.bootloader.high_fuses=0xDA
lilypad328.bootloader.extended_fuses=0x05
lilypad328.bootloader.path=atmega
lilypad328.bootloader.file=ATmegaBOOT_168_atmega328_pro_8MHz.hex
lilypad328.bootloader.unlock_bits=0x3F
lilypad328.bootloader.lock_bits=0x0F
lilypad328.build.mcu=atmega328p
lilypad328.build.f_cpu=8000000L
lilypad328.build.core=arduino
##############################################################
lilypad.name=LilyPad Arduino w/ ATmega168
lilypad.upload.protocol=stk500
lilypad.upload.maximum_size=14336
lilypad.upload.speed=19200
lilypad.bootloader.low_fuses=0xe2
lilypad.bootloader.high_fuses=0xdd
lilypad.bootloader.extended_fuses=0x00
lilypad.bootloader.path=lilypad
lilypad.bootloader.file=LilyPadBOOT_168.hex
lilypad.bootloader.unlock_bits=0x3F
lilypad.bootloader.lock_bits=0x0F
lilypad.build.mcu=atmega168
lilypad.build.f_cpu=8000000L
lilypad.build.core=arduino
##############################################################
pro328.name=Arduino Pro or Pro Mini (3.3V, 8 MHz) w/ ATmega328
pro328.upload.protocol=stk500
pro328.upload.maximum_size=30720
pro328.upload.speed=57600
pro328.bootloader.low_fuses=0xFF
pro328.bootloader.high_fuses=0xDA
pro328.bootloader.extended_fuses=0x05
pro328.bootloader.path=atmega
pro328.bootloader.file=ATmegaBOOT_168_atmega328_pro_8MHz.hex
pro328.bootloader.unlock_bits=0x3F
pro328.bootloader.lock_bits=0x0F
pro328.build.mcu=atmega328p
pro328.build.f_cpu=8000000L
pro328.build.core=arduino
##############################################################
pro.name=Arduino Pro or Pro Mini (3.3V, 8 MHz) w/ ATmega168
pro.upload.protocol=stk500
pro.upload.maximum_size=14336
pro.upload.speed=19200
pro.bootloader.low_fuses=0xc6
pro.bootloader.high_fuses=0xdd
pro.bootloader.extended_fuses=0x00
pro.bootloader.path=atmega
pro.bootloader.file=ATmegaBOOT_168_pro_8MHz.hex
pro.bootloader.unlock_bits=0x3F
pro.bootloader.lock_bits=0x0F
pro.build.mcu=atmega168
pro.build.f_cpu=8000000L
pro.build.core=arduino
##############################################################
atmega168.name=Arduino NG or older w/ ATmega168
atmega168.upload.protocol=stk500
atmega168.upload.maximum_size=14336
atmega168.upload.speed=19200
atmega168.bootloader.low_fuses=0xff
atmega168.bootloader.high_fuses=0xdd
atmega168.bootloader.extended_fuses=0x00
atmega168.bootloader.path=atmega
atmega168.bootloader.file=ATmegaBOOT_168_ng.hex
atmega168.bootloader.unlock_bits=0x3F
atmega168.bootloader.lock_bits=0x0F
atmega168.build.mcu=atmega168
atmega168.build.f_cpu=16000000L
atmega168.build.core=arduino
##############################################################
atmega8.name=Arduino NG or older w/ ATmega8
atmega8.upload.protocol=stk500
atmega8.upload.maximum_size=7168
atmega8.upload.speed=19200
atmega8.bootloader.low_fuses=0xdf
atmega8.bootloader.high_fuses=0xca
atmega8.bootloader.path=atmega8
atmega8.bootloader.file=ATmegaBOOT.hex
atmega8.bootloader.unlock_bits=0x3F
atmega8.bootloader.lock_bits=0x0F
atmega8.build.mcu=atmega8
atmega8.build.f_cpu=16000000L
atmega8.build.core=arduino

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arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/bootloaders/atmega/ATmegaBOOT_168.c
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arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/bootloaders/atmega/ATmegaBOOT_168_atmega1280.hex
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125
arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/bootloaders/atmega/ATmegaBOOT_168_atmega328.hex
Unescape Escape View File

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124
arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/bootloaders/atmega/ATmegaBOOT_168_atmega328_pro_8MHz.hex
Unescape Escape View File

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126
arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/bootloaders/atmega/ATmegaBOOT_168_diecimila.hex
Unescape Escape View File

@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
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110
arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/bootloaders/atmega/ATmegaBOOT_168_ng.hex
Unescape Escape View File

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126
arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/bootloaders/atmega/ATmegaBOOT_168_pro_8MHz.hex
Unescape Escape View File

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arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/bootloaders/atmega/Makefile
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# Makefile for ATmegaBOOT
# E.Lins, 18.7.2005
# $Id$
#
# Instructions
#
# To make bootloader .hex file:
# make diecimila
# make lilypad
# make ng
# etc...
#
# To burn bootloader .hex file:
# make diecimila_isp
# make lilypad_isp
# make ng_isp
# etc...
# program name should not be changed...
PROGRAM = ATmegaBOOT_168
# enter the parameters for the avrdude isp tool
ISPTOOL = stk500v2
ISPPORT = usb
ISPSPEED = -b 115200
MCU_TARGET = atmega168
LDSECTION = --section-start=.text=0x3800
# the efuse should really be 0xf8; since, however, only the lower
# three bits of that byte are used on the atmega168, avrdude gets
# confused if you specify 1's for the higher bits, see:
# http://tinker.it/now/2007/02/24/the-tale-of-avrdude-atmega168-and-extended-bits-fuses/
#
# similarly, the lock bits should be 0xff instead of 0x3f (to
# unlock the bootloader section) and 0xcf instead of 0x0f (to
# lock it), but since the high two bits of the lock byte are
# unused, avrdude would get confused.
ISPFUSES = avrdude -c $(ISPTOOL) -p $(MCU_TARGET) -P $(ISPPORT) $(ISPSPEED) \
-e -u -U lock:w:0x3f:m -U efuse:w:0x$(EFUSE):m -U hfuse:w:0x$(HFUSE):m -U lfuse:w:0x$(LFUSE):m
ISPFLASH = avrdude -c $(ISPTOOL) -p $(MCU_TARGET) -P $(ISPPORT) $(ISPSPEED) \
-U flash:w:$(PROGRAM)_$(TARGET).hex -U lock:w:0x0f:m
STK500 = "C:\Program Files\Atmel\AVR Tools\STK500\Stk500.exe"
STK500-1 = $(STK500) -e -d$(MCU_TARGET) -pf -vf -if$(PROGRAM)_$(TARGET).hex \
-lFF -LFF -f$(HFUSE)$(LFUSE) -EF8 -ms -q -cUSB -I200kHz -s -wt
STK500-2 = $(STK500) -d$(MCU_TARGET) -ms -q -lCF -LCF -cUSB -I200kHz -s -wt
OBJ = $(PROGRAM).o
OPTIMIZE = -O2
DEFS =
LIBS =
CC = avr-gcc
# Override is only needed by avr-lib build system.
override CFLAGS = -g -Wall $(OPTIMIZE) -mmcu=$(MCU_TARGET) -DF_CPU=$(AVR_FREQ) $(DEFS)
override LDFLAGS = -Wl,$(LDSECTION)
#override LDFLAGS = -Wl,-Map,$(PROGRAM).map,$(LDSECTION)
OBJCOPY = avr-objcopy
OBJDUMP = avr-objdump
all:
lilypad: TARGET = lilypad
lilypad: CFLAGS += '-DMAX_TIME_COUNT=F_CPU>>1' '-DNUM_LED_FLASHES=3'
lilypad: AVR_FREQ = 8000000L
lilypad: $(PROGRAM)_lilypad.hex
lilypad_isp: lilypad
lilypad_isp: TARGET = lilypad
lilypad_isp: HFUSE = DD
lilypad_isp: LFUSE = E2
lilypad_isp: EFUSE = 00
lilypad_isp: isp
lilypad_resonator: TARGET = lilypad_resonator
lilypad_resonator: CFLAGS += '-DMAX_TIME_COUNT=F_CPU>>4' '-DNUM_LED_FLASHES=3'
lilypad_resonator: AVR_FREQ = 8000000L
lilypad_resonator: $(PROGRAM)_lilypad_resonator.hex
lilypad_resonator_isp: lilypad_resonator
lilypad_resonator_isp: TARGET = lilypad_resonator
lilypad_resonator_isp: HFUSE = DD
lilypad_resonator_isp: LFUSE = C6
lilypad_resonator_isp: EFUSE = 00
lilypad_resonator_isp: isp
pro8: TARGET = pro_8MHz
pro8: CFLAGS += '-DMAX_TIME_COUNT=F_CPU>>4' '-DNUM_LED_FLASHES=1' '-DWATCHDOG_MODS'
pro8: AVR_FREQ = 8000000L
pro8: $(PROGRAM)_pro_8MHz.hex
pro8_isp: pro8
pro8_isp: TARGET = pro_8MHz
pro8_isp: HFUSE = DD
pro8_isp: LFUSE = C6
pro8_isp: EFUSE = 00
pro8_isp: isp
pro16: TARGET = pro_16MHz
pro16: CFLAGS += '-DMAX_TIME_COUNT=F_CPU>>4' '-DNUM_LED_FLASHES=1' '-DWATCHDOG_MODS'
pro16: AVR_FREQ = 16000000L
pro16: $(PROGRAM)_pro_16MHz.hex
pro16_isp: pro16
pro16_isp: TARGET = pro_16MHz
pro16_isp: HFUSE = DD
pro16_isp: LFUSE = C6
pro16_isp: EFUSE = 00
pro16_isp: isp
pro20: TARGET = pro_20mhz
pro20: CFLAGS += '-DMAX_TIME_COUNT=F_CPU>>4' '-DNUM_LED_FLASHES=1' '-DWATCHDOG_MODS'
pro20: AVR_FREQ = 20000000L
pro20: $(PROGRAM)_pro_20mhz.hex
pro20_isp: pro20
pro20_isp: TARGET = pro_20mhz
pro20_isp: HFUSE = DD
pro20_isp: LFUSE = C6
pro20_isp: EFUSE = 00
pro20_isp: isp
diecimila: TARGET = diecimila
diecimila: CFLAGS += '-DMAX_TIME_COUNT=F_CPU>>4' '-DNUM_LED_FLASHES=1'
diecimila: AVR_FREQ = 16000000L
diecimila: $(PROGRAM)_diecimila.hex
diecimila_isp: diecimila
diecimila_isp: TARGET = diecimila
diecimila_isp: HFUSE = DD
diecimila_isp: LFUSE = FF
diecimila_isp: EFUSE = 00
diecimila_isp: isp
ng: TARGET = ng
ng: CFLAGS += '-DMAX_TIME_COUNT=F_CPU>>1' '-DNUM_LED_FLASHES=3'
ng: AVR_FREQ = 16000000L
ng: $(PROGRAM)_ng.hex
ng_isp: ng
ng_isp: TARGET = ng
ng_isp: HFUSE = DD
ng_isp: LFUSE = FF
ng_isp: EFUSE = 00
ng_isp: isp
atmega328: TARGET = atmega328
atmega328: MCU_TARGET = atmega328p
atmega328: CFLAGS += '-DMAX_TIME_COUNT=F_CPU>>4' '-DNUM_LED_FLASHES=1' -DBAUD_RATE=57600
atmega328: AVR_FREQ = 16000000L
atmega328: LDSECTION = --section-start=.text=0x7800
atmega328: $(PROGRAM)_atmega328.hex
atmega328_isp: atmega328
atmega328_isp: TARGET = atmega328
atmega328_isp: MCU_TARGET = atmega328p
atmega328_isp: HFUSE = DA
atmega328_isp: LFUSE = FF
atmega328_isp: EFUSE = 05
atmega328_isp: isp
atmega328_pro8: TARGET = atmega328_pro_8MHz
atmega328_pro8: MCU_TARGET = atmega328p
atmega328_pro8: CFLAGS += '-DMAX_TIME_COUNT=F_CPU>>4' '-DNUM_LED_FLASHES=1' -DBAUD_RATE=57600 -DDOUBLE_SPEED
atmega328_pro8: AVR_FREQ = 8000000L
atmega328_pro8: LDSECTION = --section-start=.text=0x7800
atmega328_pro8: $(PROGRAM)_atmega328_pro_8MHz.hex
atmega328_pro8_isp: atmega328_pro8
atmega328_pro8_isp: TARGET = atmega328_pro_8MHz
atmega328_pro8_isp: MCU_TARGET = atmega328p
atmega328_pro8_isp: HFUSE = DA
atmega328_pro8_isp: LFUSE = FF
atmega328_pro8_isp: EFUSE = 05
atmega328_pro8_isp: isp
mega: TARGET = atmega1280
mega: MCU_TARGET = atmega1280
mega: CFLAGS += '-DMAX_TIME_COUNT=F_CPU>>4' '-DNUM_LED_FLASHES=0' -DBAUD_RATE=57600
mega: AVR_FREQ = 16000000L
mega: LDSECTION = --section-start=.text=0x1F000
mega: $(PROGRAM)_atmega1280.hex
mega_isp: mega
mega_isp: TARGET = atmega1280
mega_isp: MCU_TARGET = atmega1280
mega_isp: HFUSE = DA
mega_isp: LFUSE = FF
mega_isp: EFUSE = F5
mega_isp: isp
isp: $(TARGET)
$(ISPFUSES)
$(ISPFLASH)
isp-stk500: $(PROGRAM)_$(TARGET).hex
$(STK500-1)
$(STK500-2)
%.elf: $(OBJ)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $^ $(LIBS)
clean:
rm -rf *.o *.elf *.lst *.map *.sym *.lss *.eep *.srec *.bin *.hex
%.lst: %.elf
$(OBJDUMP) -h -S $< > $@
%.hex: %.elf
$(OBJCOPY) -j .text -j .data -O ihex $< $@
%.srec: %.elf
$(OBJCOPY) -j .text -j .data -O srec $< $@
%.bin: %.elf
$(OBJCOPY) -j .text -j .data -O binary $< $@

507
arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/bootloaders/atmega8/ATmegaBOOT.c
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/**********************************************************/
/* Serial Bootloader for Atmel mega8 AVR Controller */
/* */
/* ATmegaBOOT.c */
/* */
/* Copyright (c) 2003, Jason P. Kyle */
/* */
/* Hacked by DojoCorp - ZGZ - MMX - IVR */
/* Hacked by David A. Mellis */
/* */
/* This program is free software; you can redistribute it */
/* and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General */
/* Public License as published by the Free Software */
/* Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or */
/* (at your option) any later version. */
/* */
/* This program is distributed in the hope that it will */
/* be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the */
/* implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A */
/* PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public */
/* License for more details. */
/* */
/* You should have received a copy of the GNU General */
/* Public License along with this program; if not, write */
/* to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., */
/* 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA */
/* */
/* Licence can be viewed at */
/* http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.txt */
/* */
/* Target = Atmel AVR m8 */
/**********************************************************/
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#include <avr/eeprom.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
#include <avr/delay.h>
//#define F_CPU 16000000
/* We, Malmoitians, like slow interaction
* therefore the slow baud rate ;-)
*/
//#define BAUD_RATE 9600
/* 6.000.000 is more or less 8 seconds at the
* speed configured here
*/
//#define MAX_TIME_COUNT 6000000
#define MAX_TIME_COUNT (F_CPU>>1)
///#define MAX_TIME_COUNT_MORATORY 1600000
/* SW_MAJOR and MINOR needs to be updated from time to time to avoid warning message from AVR Studio */
#define HW_VER 0x02
#define SW_MAJOR 0x01
#define SW_MINOR 0x12
// AVR-GCC compiler compatibility
// avr-gcc compiler v3.1.x and older doesn't support outb() and inb()
// if necessary, convert outb and inb to outp and inp
#ifndef outb
#define outb(sfr,val) (_SFR_BYTE(sfr) = (val))
#endif
#ifndef inb
#define inb(sfr) _SFR_BYTE(sfr)
#endif
/* defines for future compatibility */
#ifndef cbi
#define cbi(sfr, bit) (_SFR_BYTE(sfr) &= ~_BV(bit))
#endif
#ifndef sbi
#define sbi(sfr, bit) (_SFR_BYTE(sfr) |= _BV(bit))
#endif
/* Adjust to suit whatever pin your hardware uses to enter the bootloader */
#define eeprom_rb(addr) eeprom_read_byte ((uint8_t *)(addr))
#define eeprom_rw(addr) eeprom_read_word ((uint16_t *)(addr))
#define eeprom_wb(addr, val) eeprom_write_byte ((uint8_t *)(addr), (uint8_t)(val))
/* Onboard LED is connected to pin PB5 */
#define LED_DDR DDRB
#define LED_PORT PORTB
#define LED_PIN PINB
#define LED PINB5
#define SIG1 0x1E // Yep, Atmel is the only manufacturer of AVR micros. Single source :(
#define SIG2 0x93
#define SIG3 0x07
#define PAGE_SIZE 0x20U //32 words
void putch(char);
char getch(void);
void getNch(uint8_t);
void byte_response(uint8_t);
void nothing_response(void);
union address_union {
uint16_t word;
uint8_t byte[2];
} address;
union length_union {
uint16_t word;
uint8_t byte[2];
} length;
struct flags_struct {
unsigned eeprom : 1;
unsigned rampz : 1;
} flags;
uint8_t buff[256];
//uint8_t address_high;
uint8_t pagesz=0x80;
uint8_t i;
//uint8_t bootuart0=0,bootuart1=0;
void (*app_start)(void) = 0x0000;
int main(void)
{
uint8_t ch,ch2;
uint16_t w;
//cbi(BL_DDR,BL);
//sbi(BL_PORT,BL);
asm volatile("nop\n\t");
/* check if flash is programmed already, if not start bootloader anyway */
//if(pgm_read_byte_near(0x0000) != 0xFF) {
/* check if bootloader pin is set low */
//if(bit_is_set(BL_PIN,BL)) app_start();
//}
/* initialize UART(s) depending on CPU defined */
/* m8 */
UBRRH = (((F_CPU/BAUD_RATE)/16)-1)>>8; // set baud rate
UBRRL = (((F_CPU/BAUD_RATE)/16)-1);
UCSRB = (1<<RXEN)|(1<<TXEN); // enable Rx & Tx
UCSRC = (1<<URSEL)|(1<<UCSZ1)|(1<<UCSZ0); // config USART; 8N1
//UBRRL = (uint8_t)(F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1);
//UBRRH = (F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1) >> 8;
//UCSRA = 0x00;
//UCSRC = 0x86;
//UCSRB = _BV(TXEN)|_BV(RXEN);
/* this was giving uisp problems, so I removed it; without it, the boot
works on with uisp and avrdude on the mac (at least). */
//putch('\0');
//uint32_t l;
//uint32_t time_count;
//time_count=0;
/* set LED pin as output */
sbi(LED_DDR,LED);
for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
outb(LED_PORT, inb(LED_PORT) ^ _BV(LED));
_delay_loop_2(0);
}
//for (l=0; l<40000000; l++)
//outb(LED_PORT, inb(LED_PORT) ^= _BV(LED));
/* flash onboard LED three times to signal entering of bootloader */
//for(i=0; i<3; ++i) {
//for(l=0; l<40000000; ++l);
//sbi(LED_PORT,LED);
//for(l=0; l<40000000; ++l);
//cbi(LED_PORT,LED);
//}
/* see comment at previous call to putch() */
//putch('\0'); // this line is needed for the synchronization of the programmer
/* forever */
for (;;) {
//if((inb(UCSRA) & _BV(RXC))){
/* get character from UART */
ch = getch();
/* A bunch of if...else if... gives smaller code than switch...case ! */
/* Hello is anyone home ? */
if(ch=='0') {
nothing_response();
}
/* Request programmer ID */
/* Not using PROGMEM string due to boot block in m128 being beyond 64kB boundry */
/* Would need to selectively manipulate RAMPZ, and it's only 9 characters anyway so who cares. */
else if(ch=='1') {
if (getch() == ' ') {
putch(0x14);
putch('A');
putch('V');
putch('R');
putch(' ');
putch('I');
putch('S');
putch('P');
putch(0x10);
}
}
/* AVR ISP/STK500 board commands DON'T CARE so default nothing_response */
else if(ch=='@') {
ch2 = getch();
if (ch2>0x85) getch();
nothing_response();
}
/* AVR ISP/STK500 board requests */
else if(ch=='A') {
ch2 = getch();
if(ch2==0x80) byte_response(HW_VER); // Hardware version
else if(ch2==0x81) byte_response(SW_MAJOR); // Software major version
else if(ch2==0x82) byte_response(SW_MINOR); // Software minor version
//else if(ch2==0x98) byte_response(0x03); // Unknown but seems to be required by avr studio 3.56
else byte_response(0x00); // Covers various unnecessary responses we don't care about
}
/* Device Parameters DON'T CARE, DEVICE IS FIXED */
else if(ch=='B') {
getNch(20);
nothing_response();
}
/* Parallel programming stuff DON'T CARE */
else if(ch=='E') {
getNch(5);
nothing_response();
}
/* Enter programming mode */
else if(ch=='P') {
nothing_response();
// FIXME: modified only here by DojoCorp, Mumbai, India, 20050626
//time_count=0; // exted the delay once entered prog.mode
}
/* Leave programming mode */
else if(ch=='Q') {
nothing_response();
//time_count=MAX_TIME_COUNT_MORATORY; // once the programming is done,
// we should start the application
// but uisp has problems with this,
// therefore we just change the times
// and give the programmer 1 sec to react
}
/* Erase device, don't care as we will erase one page at a time anyway. */
else if(ch=='R') {
nothing_response();
}
/* Set address, little endian. EEPROM in bytes, FLASH in words */
/* Perhaps extra address bytes may be added in future to support > 128kB FLASH. */
/* This might explain why little endian was used here, big endian used everywhere else. */
else if(ch=='U') {
address.byte[0] = getch();
address.byte[1] = getch();
nothing_response();
}
/* Universal SPI programming command, disabled. Would be used for fuses and lock bits. */
else if(ch=='V') {
getNch(4);
byte_response(0x00);
}
/* Write memory, length is big endian and is in bytes */
else if(ch=='d') {
length.byte[1] = getch();
length.byte[0] = getch();
flags.eeprom = 0;
if (getch() == 'E') flags.eeprom = 1;
for (w=0;w<length.word;w++) {
buff[w] = getch(); // Store data in buffer, can't keep up with serial data stream whilst programming pages
}
if (getch() == ' ') {
if (flags.eeprom) { //Write to EEPROM one byte at a time
for(w=0;w<length.word;w++) {
eeprom_wb(address.word,buff[w]);
address.word++;
}
} else { //Write to FLASH one page at a time
//if (address.byte[1]>127) address_high = 0x01; //Only possible with m128, m256 will need 3rd address byte. FIXME
//else address_high = 0x00;
//address.word = address.word << 1; //address * 2 -> byte location
//if ((length.byte[0] & 0x01)) length.word++; //Even up an odd number of bytes
cli(); //Disable interrupts, just to be sure
while(bit_is_set(EECR,EEWE)); //Wait for previous EEPROM writes to complete
asm volatile(
"clr r17 \n\t" //page_word_count
"lds r30,address \n\t" //Address of FLASH location (in words)
"lds r31,address+1 \n\t"
"lsl r30 \n\t" //address * 2 -> byte location
"rol r31 \n\t"
"ldi r28,lo8(buff) \n\t" //Start of buffer array in RAM
"ldi r29,hi8(buff) \n\t"
"lds r24,length \n\t" //Length of data to be written (in bytes)
"lds r25,length+1 \n\t"
"sbrs r24,0 \n\t" //Even up an odd number of bytes
"rjmp length_loop \n\t"
"adiw r24,1 \n\t"
"length_loop: \n\t" //Main loop, repeat for number of words in block
"cpi r17,0x00 \n\t" //If page_word_count=0 then erase page
"brne no_page_erase \n\t"
"rcall wait_spm \n\t"
// "wait_spm1: \n\t"
// "lds r16,%0 \n\t" //Wait for previous spm to complete
// "andi r16,1 \n\t"
// "cpi r16,1 \n\t"
// "breq wait_spm1 \n\t"
"ldi r16,0x03 \n\t" //Erase page pointed to by Z
"sts %0,r16 \n\t"
"spm \n\t"
"rcall wait_spm \n\t"
// "wait_spm2: \n\t"
// "lds r16,%0 \n\t" //Wait for previous spm to complete
// "andi r16,1 \n\t"
// "cpi r16,1 \n\t"
// "breq wait_spm2 \n\t"
"ldi r16,0x11 \n\t" //Re-enable RWW section
"sts %0,r16 \n\t"
"spm \n\t"
"no_page_erase: \n\t"
"ld r0,Y+ \n\t" //Write 2 bytes into page buffer
"ld r1,Y+ \n\t"
"rcall wait_spm \n\t"
// "wait_spm3: \n\t"
// "lds r16,%0 \n\t" //Wait for previous spm to complete
// "andi r16,1 \n\t"
// "cpi r16,1 \n\t"
// "breq wait_spm3 \n\t"
"ldi r16,0x01 \n\t" //Load r0,r1 into FLASH page buffer
"sts %0,r16 \n\t"
"spm \n\t"
"inc r17 \n\t" //page_word_count++
"cpi r17,%1 \n\t"
"brlo same_page \n\t" //Still same page in FLASH
"write_page: \n\t"
"clr r17 \n\t" //New page, write current one first
"rcall wait_spm \n\t"
// "wait_spm4: \n\t"
// "lds r16,%0 \n\t" //Wait for previous spm to complete
// "andi r16,1 \n\t"
// "cpi r16,1 \n\t"
// "breq wait_spm4 \n\t"
"ldi r16,0x05 \n\t" //Write page pointed to by Z
"sts %0,r16 \n\t"
"spm \n\t"
"rcall wait_spm \n\t"
// "wait_spm5: \n\t"
// "lds r16,%0 \n\t" //Wait for previous spm to complete
// "andi r16,1 \n\t"
// "cpi r16,1 \n\t"
// "breq wait_spm5 \n\t"
"ldi r16,0x11 \n\t" //Re-enable RWW section
"sts %0,r16 \n\t"
"spm \n\t"
"same_page: \n\t"
"adiw r30,2 \n\t" //Next word in FLASH
"sbiw r24,2 \n\t" //length-2
"breq final_write \n\t" //Finished
"rjmp length_loop \n\t"
"wait_spm: \n\t"
"lds r16,%0 \n\t" //Wait for previous spm to complete
"andi r16,1 \n\t"
"cpi r16,1 \n\t"
"breq wait_spm \n\t"
"ret \n\t"
"final_write: \n\t"
"cpi r17,0 \n\t"
"breq block_done \n\t"
"adiw r24,2 \n\t" //length+2, fool above check on length after short page write
"rjmp write_page \n\t"
"block_done: \n\t"
"clr __zero_reg__ \n\t" //restore zero register
: "=m" (SPMCR) : "M" (PAGE_SIZE) : "r0","r16","r17","r24","r25","r28","r29","r30","r31");
/* Should really add a wait for RWW section to be enabled, don't actually need it since we never */
/* exit the bootloader without a power cycle anyhow */
}
putch(0x14);
putch(0x10);
}
}
/* Read memory block mode, length is big endian. */
else if(ch=='t') {
length.byte[1] = getch();
length.byte[0] = getch();
if (getch() == 'E') flags.eeprom = 1;
else {
flags.eeprom = 0;
address.word = address.word << 1; // address * 2 -> byte location
}
if (getch() == ' ') { // Command terminator
putch(0x14);
for (w=0;w < length.word;w++) { // Can handle odd and even lengths okay
if (flags.eeprom) { // Byte access EEPROM read
putch(eeprom_rb(address.word));
address.word++;
} else {
if (!flags.rampz) putch(pgm_read_byte_near(address.word));
address.word++;
}
}
putch(0x10);
}
}
/* Get device signature bytes */
else if(ch=='u') {
if (getch() == ' ') {
putch(0x14);
putch(SIG1);
putch(SIG2);
putch(SIG3);
putch(0x10);
}
}
/* Read oscillator calibration byte */
else if(ch=='v') {
byte_response(0x00);
}
// } else {
// time_count++;
// if (time_count>=MAX_TIME_COUNT) {
// app_start();
// }
// }
} /* end of forever loop */
}
void putch(char ch)
{
/* m8 */
while (!(inb(UCSRA) & _BV(UDRE)));
outb(UDR,ch);
}
char getch(void)
{
/* m8 */
uint32_t count = 0;
while(!(inb(UCSRA) & _BV(RXC))) {
/* HACKME:: here is a good place to count times*/
count++;
if (count > MAX_TIME_COUNT)
app_start();
}
return (inb(UDR));
}
void getNch(uint8_t count)
{
uint8_t i;
for(i=0;i<count;i++) {
/* m8 */
//while(!(inb(UCSRA) & _BV(RXC)));
//inb(UDR);
getch(); // need to handle time out
}
}
void byte_response(uint8_t val)
{
if (getch() == ' ') {
putch(0x14);
putch(val);
putch(0x10);
}
}
void nothing_response(void)
{
if (getch() == ' ') {
putch(0x14);
putch(0x10);
}
}
/* end of file ATmegaBOOT.c */

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arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/bootloaders/atmega8/ATmegaBOOT.hex
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arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/bootloaders/atmega8/Makefile
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# Makefile for ATmegaBOOT
# E.Lins, 2004-10-14
# program name should not be changed...
PROGRAM = ATmegaBOOT
PRODUCT=atmega8
# enter the parameters for the UISP isp tool
ISPPARAMS = -dprog=stk500 -dserial=$(SERIAL) -dspeed=115200
#DIRAVR = /usr/local/avr
DIRAVRBIN = $(DIRAVR)/bin
DIRAVRUTILS = $(DIRAVR)/utils/bin
DIRINC = $(DIRAVR)/include
DIRLIB = $(DIRAVR)/avr/lib
MCU_TARGET = atmega8
LDSECTION = --section-start=.text=0x1c00
FUSE_L = 0xdf
FUSE_H = 0xca
ISPFUSES = $(DIRAVRBIN)/uisp -dpart=ATmega8 $(ISPPARAMS) --wr_fuse_l=$(FUSE_L) --wr_fuse_h=$(FUSE_H)
ISPFLASH = $(DIRAVRBIN)/uisp -dpart=ATmega8 $(ISPPARAMS) --erase --upload if=$(PROGRAM).hex -v
OBJ = $(PROGRAM).o
OPTIMIZE = -Os
DEFS = -DF_CPU=16000000 -DBAUD_RATE=19200
LIBS =
CC = $(DIRAVRBIN)/avr-gcc
# Override is only needed by avr-lib build system.
override CFLAGS = -g -Wall $(OPTIMIZE) -mmcu=$(MCU_TARGET) -D$(PRODUCT) $(DEFS) -I$(DIRINC)
override LDFLAGS = -Wl,-Map,$(PROGRAM).map,$(LDSECTION)
OBJCOPY = $(DIRAVRBIN)/avr-objcopy
OBJDUMP = $(DIRAVRBIN)/avr-objdump
SIZE = $(DIRAVRBIN)/avr-size
all: $(PROGRAM).elf lst text asm size
isp: $(PROGRAM).hex
$(ISPFUSES)
$(ISPFLASH)
$(PROGRAM).elf: $(OBJ)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $^ $(LIBS)
clean:
rm -rf *.s
rm -rf *.o *.elf
rm -rf *.lst *.map
asm: $(PROGRAM).s
%.s: %.c
$(CC) -S $(CFLAGS) -g1 $^
lst: $(PROGRAM).lst
%.lst: %.elf
$(OBJDUMP) -h -S $< > $@
size: $(PROGRAM).hex
$(SIZE) $^
# Rules for building the .text rom images
text: hex bin srec
hex: $(PROGRAM).hex
bin: $(PROGRAM).bin
srec: $(PROGRAM).srec
%.hex: %.elf
$(OBJCOPY) -j .text -j .data -O ihex $< $@
%.srec: %.elf
$(OBJCOPY) -j .text -j .data -O srec $< $@
%.bin: %.elf
$(OBJCOPY) -j .text -j .data -O binary $< $@

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arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/bootloaders/bt/ATmegaBOOT_168.c
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arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/bootloaders/lilypad/LilyPadBOOT_168.hex
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arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/bootloaders/lilypad/src/ATmegaBOOT.c
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/**********************************************************/
/* Serial Bootloader for Atmel megaAVR Controllers */
/* */
/* tested with ATmega8, ATmega128 and ATmega168 */
/* should work with other mega's, see code for details */
/* */
/* ATmegaBOOT.c */
/* */
/* 20070626: hacked for Arduino Diecimila (which auto- */
/* resets when a USB connection is made to it) */
/* by D. Mellis */
/* 20060802: hacked for Arduino by D. Cuartielles */
/* based on a previous hack by D. Mellis */
/* and D. Cuartielles */
/* */
/* Monitor and debug functions were added to the original */
/* code by Dr. Erik Lins, chip45.com. (See below) */
/* */
/* Thanks to Karl Pitrich for fixing a bootloader pin */
/* problem and more informative LED blinking! */
/* */
/* For the latest version see: */
/* http://www.chip45.com/ */
/* */
/* ------------------------------------------------------ */
/* */
/* based on stk500boot.c */
/* Copyright (c) 2003, Jason P. Kyle */
/* All rights reserved. */
/* see avr1.org for original file and information */
/* */
/* This program is free software; you can redistribute it */
/* and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General */
/* Public License as published by the Free Software */
/* Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or */
/* (at your option) any later version. */
/* */
/* This program is distributed in the hope that it will */
/* be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the */
/* implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A */
/* PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public */
/* License for more details. */
/* */
/* You should have received a copy of the GNU General */
/* Public License along with this program; if not, write */
/* to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., */
/* 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA */
/* */
/* Licence can be viewed at */
/* http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.txt */
/* */
/* Target = Atmel AVR m128,m64,m32,m16,m8,m162,m163,m169, */
/* m8515,m8535. ATmega161 has a very small boot block so */
/* isn't supported. */
/* */
/* Tested with m168 */
/**********************************************************/
/* $Id$ */
/* some includes */
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
#include <avr/wdt.h>
/* the current avr-libc eeprom functions do not support the ATmega168 */
/* own eeprom write/read functions are used instead */
#ifndef __AVR_ATmega168__
#include <avr/eeprom.h>
#endif
/* Use the F_CPU defined in Makefile */
/* 20060803: hacked by DojoCorp */
/* 20070626: hacked by David A. Mellis to decrease waiting time for auto-reset */
/* set the waiting time for the bootloader */
/* get this from the Makefile instead */
/* #define MAX_TIME_COUNT (F_CPU>>4) */
/* 20070707: hacked by David A. Mellis - after this many errors give up and launch application */
#define MAX_ERROR_COUNT 5
/* set the UART baud rate */
/* 20060803: hacked by DojoCorp */
//#define BAUD_RATE 115200
#define BAUD_RATE 19200
/* SW_MAJOR and MINOR needs to be updated from time to time to avoid warning message from AVR Studio */
/* never allow AVR Studio to do an update !!!! */
#define HW_VER 0x02
#define SW_MAJOR 0x01
#define SW_MINOR 0x10
/* Adjust to suit whatever pin your hardware uses to enter the bootloader */
/* ATmega128 has two UARTS so two pins are used to enter bootloader and select UART */
/* BL0... means UART0, BL1... means UART1 */
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
#define BL_DDR DDRF
#define BL_PORT PORTF
#define BL_PIN PINF
#define BL0 PINF7
#define BL1 PINF6
#else
/* other ATmegas have only one UART, so only one pin is defined to enter bootloader */
#define BL_DDR DDRD
#define BL_PORT PORTD
#define BL_PIN PIND
#define BL PIND6
#endif
/* onboard LED is used to indicate, that the bootloader was entered (3x flashing) */
/* if monitor functions are included, LED goes on after monitor was entered */
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
/* Onboard LED is connected to pin PB7 (e.g. Crumb128, PROBOmega128, Savvy128) */
#define LED_DDR DDRB
#define LED_PORT PORTB
#define LED_PIN PINB
#define LED PINB7
#else
/* Onboard LED is connected to pin PB2 (e.g. Crumb8, Crumb168) */
#define LED_DDR DDRB
#define LED_PORT PORTB
#define LED_PIN PINB
/* 20060803: hacked by DojoCorp, LED pin is B5 in Arduino */
/* #define LED PINB2 */
#define LED PINB5
#endif
/* monitor functions will only be compiled when using ATmega128, due to bootblock size constraints */
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
#define MONITOR
#endif
/* define various device id's */
/* manufacturer byte is always the same */
#define SIG1 0x1E // Yep, Atmel is the only manufacturer of AVR micros. Single source :(
#if defined __AVR_ATmega128__
#define SIG2 0x97
#define SIG3 0x02
#define PAGE_SIZE 0x80U //128 words
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega64__
#define SIG2 0x96
#define SIG3 0x02
#define PAGE_SIZE 0x80U //128 words
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega32__
#define SIG2 0x95
#define SIG3 0x02
#define PAGE_SIZE 0x40U //64 words
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega16__
#define SIG2 0x94
#define SIG3 0x03
#define PAGE_SIZE 0x40U //64 words
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega8__
#define SIG2 0x93
#define SIG3 0x07
#define PAGE_SIZE 0x20U //32 words
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega88__
#define SIG2 0x93
#define SIG3 0x0a
#define PAGE_SIZE 0x20U //32 words
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega168__
#define SIG2 0x94
#define SIG3 0x06
#define PAGE_SIZE 0x40U //64 words
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega162__
#define SIG2 0x94
#define SIG3 0x04
#define PAGE_SIZE 0x40U //64 words
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega163__
#define SIG2 0x94
#define SIG3 0x02
#define PAGE_SIZE 0x40U //64 words
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega169__
#define SIG2 0x94
#define SIG3 0x05
#define PAGE_SIZE 0x40U //64 words
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega8515__
#define SIG2 0x93
#define SIG3 0x06
#define PAGE_SIZE 0x20U //32 words
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega8535__
#define SIG2 0x93
#define SIG3 0x08
#define PAGE_SIZE 0x20U //32 words
#endif
/* function prototypes */
void putch(char);
char getch(void);
void getNch(uint8_t);
void byte_response(uint8_t);
void nothing_response(void);
char gethex(void);
void puthex(char);
void flash_led(uint8_t);
/* some variables */
union address_union {
uint16_t word;
uint8_t byte[2];
} address;
union length_union {
uint16_t word;
uint8_t byte[2];
} length;
struct flags_struct {
unsigned eeprom : 1;
unsigned rampz : 1;
} flags;
uint8_t buff[256];
uint8_t address_high;
uint8_t pagesz=0x80;
uint8_t i;
uint8_t bootuart = 0;
uint8_t error_count = 0;
void (*app_start)(void) = 0x0000;
/* main program starts here */
int main(void)
{
uint8_t ch,ch2;
uint16_t w;
asm volatile("nop\n\t");
/* set pin direction for bootloader pin and enable pullup */
/* for ATmega128, two pins need to be initialized */
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
BL_DDR &= ~_BV(BL0);
BL_DDR &= ~_BV(BL1);
BL_PORT |= _BV(BL0);
BL_PORT |= _BV(BL1);
#else
/* We run the bootloader regardless of the state of this pin. Thus, don't
put it in a different state than the other pins. --DAM, 070709
BL_DDR &= ~_BV(BL);
BL_PORT |= _BV(BL);
*/
#endif
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
/* check which UART should be used for booting */
if(bit_is_clear(BL_PIN, BL0)) {
bootuart = 1;
}
else if(bit_is_clear(BL_PIN, BL1)) {
bootuart = 2;
}
#endif
/* check if flash is programmed already, if not start bootloader anyway */
if(pgm_read_byte_near(0x0000) != 0xFF) {
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
/* no UART was selected, start application */
if(!bootuart) {
app_start();
}
#else
/* check if bootloader pin is set low */
/* we don't start this part neither for the m8, nor m168 */
//if(bit_is_set(BL_PIN, BL)) {
// app_start();
// }
#endif
}
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
/* no bootuart was selected, default to uart 0 */
if(!bootuart) {
bootuart = 1;
}
#endif
/* initialize UART(s) depending on CPU defined */
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
if(bootuart == 1) {
UBRR0L = (uint8_t)(F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1);
UBRR0H = (F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1) >> 8;
UCSR0A = 0x00;
UCSR0C = 0x06;
UCSR0B = _BV(TXEN0)|_BV(RXEN0);
}
if(bootuart == 2) {
UBRR1L = (uint8_t)(F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1);
UBRR1H = (F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1) >> 8;
UCSR1A = 0x00;
UCSR1C = 0x06;
UCSR1B = _BV(TXEN1)|_BV(RXEN1);
}
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega163__
UBRR = (uint8_t)(F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1);
UBRRHI = (F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1) >> 8;
UCSRA = 0x00;
UCSRB = _BV(TXEN)|_BV(RXEN);
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega168__
UBRR0L = (uint8_t)(F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1);
UBRR0H = (F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1) >> 8;
UCSR0B = (1<<RXEN0) | (1<<TXEN0);
UCSR0C = (1<<UCSZ00) | (1<<UCSZ01);
/* Enable internal pull-up resistor on pin D0 (RX), in order
to supress line noise that prevents the bootloader from
timing out (DAM: 20070509) */
DDRD &= ~_BV(PIND0);
PORTD |= _BV(PIND0);
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega8__
/* m8 */
UBRRH = (((F_CPU/BAUD_RATE)/16)-1)>>8; // set baud rate
UBRRL = (((F_CPU/BAUD_RATE)/16)-1);
UCSRB = (1<<RXEN)|(1<<TXEN); // enable Rx & Tx
UCSRC = (1<<URSEL)|(1<<UCSZ1)|(1<<UCSZ0); // config USART; 8N1
#else
/* m16,m32,m169,m8515,m8535 */
UBRRL = (uint8_t)(F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1);
UBRRH = (F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1) >> 8;
UCSRA = 0x00;
UCSRC = 0x06;
UCSRB = _BV(TXEN)|_BV(RXEN);
#endif
/* set LED pin as output */
LED_DDR |= _BV(LED);
/* flash onboard LED to signal entering of bootloader */
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
// 4x for UART0, 5x for UART1
flash_led(NUM_LED_FLASHES + bootuart);
#else
flash_led(NUM_LED_FLASHES);
#endif
/* 20050803: by DojoCorp, this is one of the parts provoking the
system to stop listening, cancelled from the original */
//putch('\0');
/* forever loop */
for (;;) {
/* get character from UART */
ch = getch();
/* A bunch of if...else if... gives smaller code than switch...case ! */
/* Hello is anyone home ? */
if(ch=='0') {
nothing_response();
}
/* Request programmer ID */
/* Not using PROGMEM string due to boot block in m128 being beyond 64kB boundry */
/* Would need to selectively manipulate RAMPZ, and it's only 9 characters anyway so who cares. */
else if(ch=='1') {
if (getch() == ' ') {
putch(0x14);
putch('A');
putch('V');
putch('R');
putch(' ');
putch('I');
putch('S');
putch('P');
putch(0x10);
} else {
if (++error_count == MAX_ERROR_COUNT)
app_start();
}
}
/* AVR ISP/STK500 board commands DON'T CARE so default nothing_response */
else if(ch=='@') {
ch2 = getch();
if (ch2>0x85) getch();
nothing_response();
}
/* AVR ISP/STK500 board requests */
else if(ch=='A') {
ch2 = getch();
if(ch2==0x80) byte_response(HW_VER); // Hardware version
else if(ch2==0x81) byte_response(SW_MAJOR); // Software major version
else if(ch2==0x82) byte_response(SW_MINOR); // Software minor version
else if(ch2==0x98) byte_response(0x03); // Unknown but seems to be required by avr studio 3.56
else byte_response(0x00); // Covers various unnecessary responses we don't care about
}
/* Device Parameters DON'T CARE, DEVICE IS FIXED */
else if(ch=='B') {
getNch(20);
nothing_response();
}
/* Parallel programming stuff DON'T CARE */
else if(ch=='E') {
getNch(5);
nothing_response();
}
/* Enter programming mode */
else if(ch=='P') {
nothing_response();
}
/* Leave programming mode */
else if(ch=='Q') {
nothing_response();
}
/* Erase device, don't care as we will erase one page at a time anyway. */
else if(ch=='R') {
nothing_response();
}
/* Set address, little endian. EEPROM in bytes, FLASH in words */
/* Perhaps extra address bytes may be added in future to support > 128kB FLASH. */
/* This might explain why little endian was used here, big endian used everywhere else. */
else if(ch=='U') {
address.byte[0] = getch();
address.byte[1] = getch();
nothing_response();
}
/* Universal SPI programming command, disabled. Would be used for fuses and lock bits. */
else if(ch=='V') {
getNch(4);
byte_response(0x00);
}
/* Write memory, length is big endian and is in bytes */
else if(ch=='d') {
length.byte[1] = getch();
length.byte[0] = getch();
flags.eeprom = 0;
if (getch() == 'E') flags.eeprom = 1;
for (w=0;w<length.word;w++) {
buff[w] = getch(); // Store data in buffer, can't keep up with serial data stream whilst programming pages
}
if (getch() == ' ') {
if (flags.eeprom) { //Write to EEPROM one byte at a time
for(w=0;w<length.word;w++) {
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega168__
while(EECR & (1<<EEPE));
EEAR = (uint16_t)(void *)address.word;
EEDR = buff[w];
EECR |= (1<<EEMPE);
EECR |= (1<<EEPE);
#else
eeprom_write_byte((void *)address.word,buff[w]);
#endif
address.word++;
}
}
else { //Write to FLASH one page at a time
if (address.byte[1]>127) address_high = 0x01; //Only possible with m128, m256 will need 3rd address byte. FIXME
else address_high = 0x00;
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
RAMPZ = address_high;
#endif
address.word = address.word << 1; //address * 2 -> byte location
/* if ((length.byte[0] & 0x01) == 0x01) length.word++; //Even up an odd number of bytes */
if ((length.byte[0] & 0x01)) length.word++; //Even up an odd number of bytes
cli(); //Disable interrupts, just to be sure
// HACKME: EEPE used to be EEWE
while(bit_is_set(EECR,EEPE)); //Wait for previous EEPROM writes to complete
asm volatile(
"clr r17 \n\t" //page_word_count
"lds r30,address \n\t" //Address of FLASH location (in bytes)
"lds r31,address+1 \n\t"
"ldi r28,lo8(buff) \n\t" //Start of buffer array in RAM
"ldi r29,hi8(buff) \n\t"
"lds r24,length \n\t" //Length of data to be written (in bytes)
"lds r25,length+1 \n\t"
"length_loop: \n\t" //Main loop, repeat for number of words in block
"cpi r17,0x00 \n\t" //If page_word_count=0 then erase page
"brne no_page_erase \n\t"
"wait_spm1: \n\t"
"lds r16,%0 \n\t" //Wait for previous spm to complete
"andi r16,1 \n\t"
"cpi r16,1 \n\t"
"breq wait_spm1 \n\t"
"ldi r16,0x03 \n\t" //Erase page pointed to by Z
"sts %0,r16 \n\t"
"spm \n\t"
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega163__
".word 0xFFFF \n\t"
"nop \n\t"
#endif
"wait_spm2: \n\t"
"lds r16,%0 \n\t" //Wait for previous spm to complete
"andi r16,1 \n\t"
"cpi r16,1 \n\t"
"breq wait_spm2 \n\t"
"ldi r16,0x11 \n\t" //Re-enable RWW section
"sts %0,r16 \n\t"
"spm \n\t"
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega163__
".word 0xFFFF \n\t"
"nop \n\t"
#endif
"no_page_erase: \n\t"
"ld r0,Y+ \n\t" //Write 2 bytes into page buffer
"ld r1,Y+ \n\t"
"wait_spm3: \n\t"
"lds r16,%0 \n\t" //Wait for previous spm to complete
"andi r16,1 \n\t"
"cpi r16,1 \n\t"
"breq wait_spm3 \n\t"
"ldi r16,0x01 \n\t" //Load r0,r1 into FLASH page buffer
"sts %0,r16 \n\t"
"spm \n\t"
"inc r17 \n\t" //page_word_count++
"cpi r17,%1 \n\t"
"brlo same_page \n\t" //Still same page in FLASH
"write_page: \n\t"
"clr r17 \n\t" //New page, write current one first
"wait_spm4: \n\t"
"lds r16,%0 \n\t" //Wait for previous spm to complete
"andi r16,1 \n\t"
"cpi r16,1 \n\t"
"breq wait_spm4 \n\t"
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega163__
"andi r30,0x80 \n\t" // m163 requires Z6:Z1 to be zero during page write
#endif
"ldi r16,0x05 \n\t" //Write page pointed to by Z
"sts %0,r16 \n\t"
"spm \n\t"
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega163__
".word 0xFFFF \n\t"
"nop \n\t"
"ori r30,0x7E \n\t" // recover Z6:Z1 state after page write (had to be zero during write)
#endif
"wait_spm5: \n\t"
"lds r16,%0 \n\t" //Wait for previous spm to complete
"andi r16,1 \n\t"
"cpi r16,1 \n\t"
"breq wait_spm5 \n\t"
"ldi r16,0x11 \n\t" //Re-enable RWW section
"sts %0,r16 \n\t"
"spm \n\t"
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega163__
".word 0xFFFF \n\t"
"nop \n\t"
#endif
"same_page: \n\t"
"adiw r30,2 \n\t" //Next word in FLASH
"sbiw r24,2 \n\t" //length-2
"breq final_write \n\t" //Finished
"rjmp length_loop \n\t"
"final_write: \n\t"
"cpi r17,0 \n\t"
"breq block_done \n\t"
"adiw r24,2 \n\t" //length+2, fool above check on length after short page write
"rjmp write_page \n\t"
"block_done: \n\t"
"clr __zero_reg__ \n\t" //restore zero register
#if defined __AVR_ATmega168__
: "=m" (SPMCSR) : "M" (PAGE_SIZE) : "r0","r16","r17","r24","r25","r28","r29","r30","r31"
#else
: "=m" (SPMCR) : "M" (PAGE_SIZE) : "r0","r16","r17","r24","r25","r28","r29","r30","r31"
#endif
);
/* Should really add a wait for RWW section to be enabled, don't actually need it since we never */
/* exit the bootloader without a power cycle anyhow */
}
putch(0x14);
putch(0x10);
} else {
if (++error_count == MAX_ERROR_COUNT)
app_start();
}
}
/* Read memory block mode, length is big endian. */
else if(ch=='t') {
length.byte[1] = getch();
length.byte[0] = getch();
#if defined __AVR_ATmega128__
if (address.word>0x7FFF) flags.rampz = 1; // No go with m256, FIXME
else flags.rampz = 0;
#endif
if (getch() == 'E') flags.eeprom = 1;
else {
flags.eeprom = 0;
address.word = address.word << 1; // address * 2 -> byte location
}
if (getch() == ' ') { // Command terminator
putch(0x14);
for (w=0;w < length.word;w++) { // Can handle odd and even lengths okay
if (flags.eeprom) { // Byte access EEPROM read
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega168__
while(EECR & (1<<EEPE));
EEAR = (uint16_t)(void *)address.word;
EECR |= (1<<EERE);
putch(EEDR);
#else
putch(eeprom_read_byte((void *)address.word));
#endif
address.word++;
}
else {
if (!flags.rampz) putch(pgm_read_byte_near(address.word));
#if defined __AVR_ATmega128__
else putch(pgm_read_byte_far(address.word + 0x10000));
// Hmmmm, yuck FIXME when m256 arrvies
#endif
address.word++;
}
}
putch(0x10);
}
}
/* Get device signature bytes */
else if(ch=='u') {
if (getch() == ' ') {
putch(0x14);
putch(SIG1);
putch(SIG2);
putch(SIG3);
putch(0x10);
} else {
if (++error_count == MAX_ERROR_COUNT)
app_start();
}
}
/* Read oscillator calibration byte */
else if(ch=='v') {
byte_response(0x00);
}
#ifdef MONITOR
/* here come the extended monitor commands by Erik Lins */
/* check for three times exclamation mark pressed */
else if(ch=='!') {
ch = getch();
if(ch=='!') {
ch = getch();
if(ch=='!') {
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
uint16_t extaddr;
#endif
uint8_t addrl, addrh;
#ifdef CRUMB128
PGM_P welcome = {"ATmegaBOOT / Crumb128 - (C) J.P.Kyle, E.Lins - 050815\n\r"};
#elif defined PROBOMEGA128
PGM_P welcome = {"ATmegaBOOT / PROBOmega128 - (C) J.P.Kyle, E.Lins - 050815\n\r"};
#elif defined SAVVY128
PGM_P welcome = {"ATmegaBOOT / Savvy128 - (C) J.P.Kyle, E.Lins - 050815\n\r"};
#endif
/* turn on LED */
LED_DDR |= _BV(LED);
LED_PORT &= ~_BV(LED);
/* print a welcome message and command overview */
for(i=0; welcome[i] != '\0'; ++i) {
putch(welcome[i]);
}
/* test for valid commands */
for(;;) {
putch('\n');
putch('\r');
putch(':');
putch(' ');
ch = getch();
putch(ch);
/* toggle LED */
if(ch == 't') {
if(bit_is_set(LED_PIN,LED)) {
LED_PORT &= ~_BV(LED);
putch('1');
} else {
LED_PORT |= _BV(LED);
putch('0');
}
}
/* read byte from address */
else if(ch == 'r') {
ch = getch(); putch(ch);
addrh = gethex();
addrl = gethex();
putch('=');
ch = *(uint8_t *)((addrh << 8) + addrl);
puthex(ch);
}
/* write a byte to address */
else if(ch == 'w') {
ch = getch(); putch(ch);
addrh = gethex();
addrl = gethex();
ch = getch(); putch(ch);
ch = gethex();
*(uint8_t *)((addrh << 8) + addrl) = ch;
}
/* read from uart and echo back */
else if(ch == 'u') {
for(;;) {
putch(getch());
}
}
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
/* external bus loop */
else if(ch == 'b') {
putch('b');
putch('u');
putch('s');
MCUCR = 0x80;
XMCRA = 0;
XMCRB = 0;
extaddr = 0x1100;
for(;;) {
ch = *(volatile uint8_t *)extaddr;
if(++extaddr == 0) {
extaddr = 0x1100;
}
}
}
#endif
else if(ch == 'j') {
app_start();
}
}
/* end of monitor functions */
}
}
}
/* end of monitor */
#endif
else if (++error_count == MAX_ERROR_COUNT) {
app_start();
}
}
/* end of forever loop */
}
char gethex(void) {
char ah,al;
ah = getch(); putch(ah);
al = getch(); putch(al);
if(ah >= 'a') {
ah = ah - 'a' + 0x0a;
} else if(ah >= '0') {
ah -= '0';
}
if(al >= 'a') {
al = al - 'a' + 0x0a;
} else if(al >= '0') {
al -= '0';
}
return (ah << 4) + al;
}
void puthex(char ch) {
char ah,al;
ah = (ch & 0xf0) >> 4;
if(ah >= 0x0a) {
ah = ah - 0x0a + 'a';
} else {
ah += '0';
}
al = (ch & 0x0f);
if(al >= 0x0a) {
al = al - 0x0a + 'a';
} else {
al += '0';
}
putch(ah);
putch(al);
}
void putch(char ch)
{
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
if(bootuart == 1) {
while (!(UCSR0A & _BV(UDRE0)));
UDR0 = ch;
}
else if (bootuart == 2) {
while (!(UCSR1A & _BV(UDRE1)));
UDR1 = ch;
}
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega168__
while (!(UCSR0A & _BV(UDRE0)));
UDR0 = ch;
#else
/* m8,16,32,169,8515,8535,163 */
while (!(UCSRA & _BV(UDRE)));
UDR = ch;
#endif
}
char getch(void)
{
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
if(bootuart == 1) {
while(!(UCSR0A & _BV(RXC0)));
return UDR0;
}
else if(bootuart == 2) {
while(!(UCSR1A & _BV(RXC1)));
return UDR1;
}
return 0;
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega168__
uint32_t count = 0;
while(!(UCSR0A & _BV(RXC0))){
/* 20060803 DojoCorp:: Addon coming from the previous Bootloader*/
/* HACKME:: here is a good place to count times*/
count++;
if (count > MAX_TIME_COUNT)
app_start();
}
return UDR0;
#else
/* m8,16,32,169,8515,8535,163 */
uint32_t count = 0;
while(!(UCSRA & _BV(RXC))){
/* 20060803 DojoCorp:: Addon coming from the previous Bootloader*/
/* HACKME:: here is a good place to count times*/
count++;
if (count > MAX_TIME_COUNT)
app_start();
}
return UDR;
#endif
}
void getNch(uint8_t count)
{
uint8_t i;
for(i=0;i<count;i++) {
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
if(bootuart == 1) {
while(!(UCSR0A & _BV(RXC0)));
UDR0;
}
else if(bootuart == 2) {
while(!(UCSR1A & _BV(RXC1)));
UDR1;
}
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega168__
while(!(UCSR0A & _BV(RXC0)));
UDR0;
#else
/* m8,16,32,169,8515,8535,163 */
/* 20060803 DojoCorp:: Addon coming from the previous Bootloader*/
//while(!(UCSRA & _BV(RXC)));
//UDR;
uint8_t i;
for(i=0;i<count;i++) {
getch(); // need to handle time out
}
#endif
}
}
void byte_response(uint8_t val)
{
if (getch() == ' ') {
putch(0x14);
putch(val);
putch(0x10);
} else {
if (++error_count == MAX_ERROR_COUNT)
app_start();
}
}
void nothing_response(void)
{
if (getch() == ' ') {
putch(0x14);
putch(0x10);
} else {
if (++error_count == MAX_ERROR_COUNT)
app_start();
}
}
void flash_led(uint8_t count)
{
/* flash onboard LED three times to signal entering of bootloader */
/* l needs to be volatile or the delay loops below might get
optimized away if compiling with optimizations (DAM). */
volatile uint32_t l;
if (count == 0) {
count = 3;
}
for (i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
LED_PORT |= _BV(LED);
for(l = 0; l < (F_CPU / 1000); ++l);
LED_PORT &= ~_BV(LED);
for(l = 0; l < (F_CPU / 1000); ++l);
}
}
/* end of file ATmegaBOOT.c */

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arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/bootloaders/lilypad/src/Makefile
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# Makefile for ATmegaBOOT
# E.Lins, 18.7.2005
# $Id$
# Instructions
#
# To build the bootloader for the LilyPad:
# make lily
# program name should not be changed...
PROGRAM = ATmegaBOOT_168
# enter the target CPU frequency
AVR_FREQ = 8000000L
# enter the parameters for the avrdude isp tool
ISPTOOL = stk500v2
ISPPORT = usb
ISPSPEED = -b 115200
MCU_TARGET = atmega168
LDSECTION = --section-start=.text=0x3800
# the efuse should really be 0xf8; since, however, only the lower
# three bits of that byte are used on the atmega168, avrdude gets
# confused if you specify 1's for the higher bits, see:
# http://tinker.it/now/2007/02/24/the-tale-of-avrdude-atmega168-and-extended-bits-fuses/
#
# similarly, the lock bits should be 0xff instead of 0x3f (to
# unlock the bootloader section) and 0xcf instead of 0x0f (to
# lock it), but since the high two bits of the lock byte are
# unused, avrdude would get confused.
ISPFUSES = avrdude -c $(ISPTOOL) -p m168 -P $(ISPPORT) $(ISPSPEED) -e -u -U lock:w:0x3f:m -U efuse:w:0x00:m -U hfuse:w:0xdd:m -U lfuse:w:0xff:m
ISPFLASH = avrdude -c $(ISPTOOL) -p m168 -P $(ISPPORT) $(ISPSPEED) -U flash:w:$(PROGRAM)_$(TARGET).hex -U lock:w:0x0f:m
OBJ = $(PROGRAM).o
OPTIMIZE = -O2
DEFS =
LIBS =
CC = avr-gcc
# Override is only needed by avr-lib build system.
override CFLAGS = -g -Wall $(OPTIMIZE) -mmcu=$(MCU_TARGET) -DF_CPU=$(AVR_FREQ) $(DEFS)
override LDFLAGS = -Wl,$(LDSECTION)
#override LDFLAGS = -Wl,-Map,$(PROGRAM).map,$(LDSECTION)
OBJCOPY = avr-objcopy
OBJDUMP = avr-objdump
all:
lily: CFLAGS += '-DMAX_TIME_COUNT=F_CPU>>1' '-DNUM_LED_FLASHES=3'
lily: $(PROGRAM).hex
$(PROGRAM).hex: $(PROGRAM).elf
$(OBJCOPY) -j .text -j .data -O ihex $< $@
$(PROGRAM).elf: $(OBJ)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $^ $(LIBS)
$(OBJ):
avr-gcc $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) -c -g -O2 -Wall -mmcu=atmega168 ATmegaBOOT.c -o ATmegaBOOT_168.o
%.lst: %.elf
$(OBJDUMP) -h -S $< > $@
%.srec: %.elf
$(OBJCOPY) -j .text -j .data -O srec $< $@
%.bin: %.elf
$(OBJCOPY) -j .text -j .data -O binary $< $@
clean:
rm -rf *.o *.elf *.lst *.map *.sym *.lss *.eep *.srec *.bin *.hex
install:
avrdude -p m168 -c stk500v2 -P /dev/cu.USA19H1b1P1.1 -e -u -U lock:w:0x3f:m -U efuse:w:0x00:m -U hfuse:w:0xdd:m -U lfuse:w:0xe2:m
avrdude -p m168 -c stk500v2 -P /dev/cu.USA19H1b1P1.1 -e -u -U flash:w:ATmegaBOOT_168.hex -U lock:w:0x0f:m

226
arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino/HardwareSerial.cpp
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/*
HardwareSerial.cpp - Hardware serial library for Wiring
Copyright (c) 2006 Nicholas Zambetti. All right reserved.
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
Modified 23 November 2006 by David A. Mellis
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include "wiring.h"
#include "wiring_private.h"
#include "HardwareSerial.h"
// Define constants and variables for buffering incoming serial data. We're
// using a ring buffer (I think), in which rx_buffer_head is the index of the
// location to which to write the next incoming character and rx_buffer_tail
// is the index of the location from which to read.
#define RX_BUFFER_SIZE 128
struct ring_buffer {
unsigned char buffer[RX_BUFFER_SIZE];
int head;
int tail;
};
ring_buffer rx_buffer = { { 0 }, 0, 0 };
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega1280__)
ring_buffer rx_buffer1 = { { 0 }, 0, 0 };
ring_buffer rx_buffer2 = { { 0 }, 0, 0 };
ring_buffer rx_buffer3 = { { 0 }, 0, 0 };
#endif
inline void store_char(unsigned char c, ring_buffer *rx_buffer)
{
int i = (rx_buffer->head + 1) % RX_BUFFER_SIZE;
// if we should be storing the received character into the location
// just before the tail (meaning that the head would advance to the
// current location of the tail), we're about to overflow the buffer
// and so we don't write the character or advance the head.
if (i != rx_buffer->tail) {
rx_buffer->buffer[rx_buffer->head] = c;
rx_buffer->head = i;
}
}
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega1280__)
SIGNAL(SIG_USART0_RECV)
{
unsigned char c = UDR0;
store_char(c, &rx_buffer);
}
SIGNAL(SIG_USART1_RECV)
{
unsigned char c = UDR1;
store_char(c, &rx_buffer1);
}
SIGNAL(SIG_USART2_RECV)
{
unsigned char c = UDR2;
store_char(c, &rx_buffer2);
}
SIGNAL(SIG_USART3_RECV)
{
unsigned char c = UDR3;
store_char(c, &rx_buffer3);
}
#else
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega8__)
SIGNAL(SIG_UART_RECV)
#else
SIGNAL(USART_RX_vect)
#endif
{
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega8__)
unsigned char c = UDR;
#else
unsigned char c = UDR0;
#endif
store_char(c, &rx_buffer);
}
#endif
// Constructors ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
HardwareSerial::HardwareSerial(ring_buffer *rx_buffer,
volatile uint8_t *ubrrh, volatile uint8_t *ubrrl,
volatile uint8_t *ucsra, volatile uint8_t *ucsrb,
volatile uint8_t *udr,
uint8_t rxen, uint8_t txen, uint8_t rxcie, uint8_t udre, uint8_t u2x)
{
_rx_buffer = rx_buffer;
_ubrrh = ubrrh;
_ubrrl = ubrrl;
_ucsra = ucsra;
_ucsrb = ucsrb;
_udr = udr;
_rxen = rxen;
_txen = txen;
_rxcie = rxcie;
_udre = udre;
_u2x = u2x;
}
// Public Methods //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void HardwareSerial::begin(long baud)
{
uint16_t baud_setting;
bool use_u2x;
// U2X mode is needed for baud rates higher than (CPU Hz / 16)
if (baud > F_CPU / 16) {
use_u2x = true;
} else {
// figure out if U2X mode would allow for a better connection
// calculate the percent difference between the baud-rate specified and
// the real baud rate for both U2X and non-U2X mode (0-255 error percent)
uint8_t nonu2x_baud_error = abs((int)(255-((F_CPU/(16*(((F_CPU/8/baud-1)/2)+1))*255)/baud)));
uint8_t u2x_baud_error = abs((int)(255-((F_CPU/(8*(((F_CPU/4/baud-1)/2)+1))*255)/baud)));
// prefer non-U2X mode because it handles clock skew better
use_u2x = (nonu2x_baud_error > u2x_baud_error);
}
if (use_u2x) {
*_ucsra = 1 << _u2x;
baud_setting = (F_CPU / 4 / baud - 1) / 2;
} else {
*_ucsra = 0;
baud_setting = (F_CPU / 8 / baud - 1) / 2;
}
// assign the baud_setting, a.k.a. ubbr (USART Baud Rate Register)
*_ubrrh = baud_setting >> 8;
*_ubrrl = baud_setting;
sbi(*_ucsrb, _rxen);
sbi(*_ucsrb, _txen);
sbi(*_ucsrb, _rxcie);
}
void HardwareSerial::end()
{
cbi(*_ucsrb, _rxen);
cbi(*_ucsrb, _txen);
cbi(*_ucsrb, _rxcie);
}
uint8_t HardwareSerial::available(void)
{
return (RX_BUFFER_SIZE + _rx_buffer->head - _rx_buffer->tail) % RX_BUFFER_SIZE;
}
int HardwareSerial::read(void)
{
// if the head isn't ahead of the tail, we don't have any characters
if (_rx_buffer->head == _rx_buffer->tail) {
return -1;
} else {
unsigned char c = _rx_buffer->buffer[_rx_buffer->tail];
_rx_buffer->tail = (_rx_buffer->tail + 1) % RX_BUFFER_SIZE;
return c;
}
}
void HardwareSerial::flush()
{
// don't reverse this or there may be problems if the RX interrupt
// occurs after reading the value of rx_buffer_head but before writing
// the value to rx_buffer_tail; the previous value of rx_buffer_head
// may be written to rx_buffer_tail, making it appear as if the buffer
// don't reverse this or there may be problems if the RX interrupt
// occurs after reading the value of rx_buffer_head but before writing
// the value to rx_buffer_tail; the previous value of rx_buffer_head
// may be written to rx_buffer_tail, making it appear as if the buffer
// were full, not empty.
_rx_buffer->head = _rx_buffer->tail;
}
void HardwareSerial::write(uint8_t c)
{
while (!((*_ucsra) & (1 << _udre)))
;
*_udr = c;
}
// Preinstantiate Objects //////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega8__)
HardwareSerial Serial(&rx_buffer, &UBRRH, &UBRRL, &UCSRA, &UCSRB, &UDR, RXEN, TXEN, RXCIE, UDRE, U2X);
#else
HardwareSerial Serial(&rx_buffer, &UBRR0H, &UBRR0L, &UCSR0A, &UCSR0B, &UDR0, RXEN0, TXEN0, RXCIE0, UDRE0, U2X0);
#endif
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega1280__)
HardwareSerial Serial1(&rx_buffer1, &UBRR1H, &UBRR1L, &UCSR1A, &UCSR1B, &UDR1, RXEN1, TXEN1, RXCIE1, UDRE1, U2X1);
HardwareSerial Serial2(&rx_buffer2, &UBRR2H, &UBRR2L, &UCSR2A, &UCSR2B, &UDR2, RXEN2, TXEN2, RXCIE2, UDRE2, U2X2);
HardwareSerial Serial3(&rx_buffer3, &UBRR3H, &UBRR3L, &UCSR3A, &UCSR3B, &UDR3, RXEN3, TXEN3, RXCIE3, UDRE3, U2X3);
#endif

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/*
HardwareSerial.h - Hardware serial library for Wiring
Copyright (c) 2006 Nicholas Zambetti. All right reserved.
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
*/
#ifndef HardwareSerial_h
#define HardwareSerial_h
#include <inttypes.h>
#include "Print.h"
struct ring_buffer;
class HardwareSerial : public Print
{
private:
ring_buffer *_rx_buffer;
volatile uint8_t *_ubrrh;
volatile uint8_t *_ubrrl;
volatile uint8_t *_ucsra;
volatile uint8_t *_ucsrb;
volatile uint8_t *_udr;
uint8_t _rxen;
uint8_t _txen;
uint8_t _rxcie;
uint8_t _udre;
uint8_t _u2x;
public:
HardwareSerial(ring_buffer *rx_buffer,
volatile uint8_t *ubrrh, volatile uint8_t *ubrrl,
volatile uint8_t *ucsra, volatile uint8_t *ucsrb,
volatile uint8_t *udr,
uint8_t rxen, uint8_t txen, uint8_t rxcie, uint8_t udre, uint8_t u2x);
void begin(long);
void end();
uint8_t available(void);
int read(void);
void flush(void);
virtual void write(uint8_t);
using Print::write; // pull in write(str) and write(buf, size) from Print
};
extern HardwareSerial Serial;
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega1280__)
extern HardwareSerial Serial1;
extern HardwareSerial Serial2;
extern HardwareSerial Serial3;
#endif
#endif

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/*
Print.cpp - Base class that provides print() and println()
Copyright (c) 2008 David A. Mellis. All right reserved.
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
Modified 23 November 2006 by David A. Mellis
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "wiring.h"
#include "Print.h"
// Public Methods //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/* default implementation: may be overridden */
void Print::write(const char *str)
{
while (*str)
write(*str++);
}
/* default implementation: may be overridden */
void Print::write(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t size)
{
while (size--)
write(*buffer++);
}
void Print::print(const char str[])
{
write(str);
}
void Print::print(char c, int base)
{
print((long) c, base);
}
void Print::print(unsigned char b, int base)
{
print((unsigned long) b, base);
}
void Print::print(int n, int base)
{
print((long) n, base);
}
void Print::print(unsigned int n, int base)
{
print((unsigned long) n, base);
}
void Print::print(long n, int base)
{
if (base == 0) {
write(n);
} else if (base == 10) {
if (n < 0) {
print('-');
n = -n;
}
printNumber(n, 10);
} else {
printNumber(n, base);
}
}
void Print::print(unsigned long n, int base)
{
if (base == 0) write(n);
else printNumber(n, base);
}
void Print::print(double n, int digits)
{
printFloat(n, digits);
}
void Print::println(void)
{
print('\r');
print('\n');
}
void Print::println(const char c[])
{
print(c);
println();
}
void Print::println(char c, int base)
{
print(c, base);
println();
}
void Print::println(unsigned char b, int base)
{
print(b, base);
println();
}
void Print::println(int n, int base)
{
print(n, base);
println();
}
void Print::println(unsigned int n, int base)
{
print(n, base);
println();
}
void Print::println(long n, int base)
{
print(n, base);
println();
}
void Print::println(unsigned long n, int base)
{
print(n, base);
println();
}
void Print::println(double n, int digits)
{
print(n, digits);
println();
}
// Private Methods /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void Print::printNumber(unsigned long n, uint8_t base)
{
unsigned char buf[8 * sizeof(long)]; // Assumes 8-bit chars.
unsigned long i = 0;
if (n == 0) {
print('0');
return;
}
while (n > 0) {
buf[i++] = n % base;
n /= base;
}
for (; i > 0; i--)
print((char) (buf[i - 1] < 10 ?
'0' + buf[i - 1] :
'A' + buf[i - 1] - 10));
}
void Print::printFloat(double number, uint8_t digits)
{
// Handle negative numbers
if (number < 0.0)
{
print('-');
number = -number;
}
// Round correctly so that print(1.999, 2) prints as "2.00"
double rounding = 0.5;
for (uint8_t i=0; i<digits; ++i)
rounding /= 10.0;
number += rounding;
// Extract the integer part of the number and print it
unsigned long int_part = (unsigned long)number;
double remainder = number - (double)int_part;
print(int_part);
// Print the decimal point, but only if there are digits beyond
if (digits > 0)
print(".");
// Extract digits from the remainder one at a time
while (digits-- > 0)
{
remainder *= 10.0;
int toPrint = int(remainder);
print(toPrint);
remainder -= toPrint;
}
}

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arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino/Print.h
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/*
Print.h - Base class that provides print() and println()
Copyright (c) 2008 David A. Mellis. All right reserved.
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
*/
#ifndef Print_h
#define Print_h
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <stdio.h> // for size_t
#define DEC 10
#define HEX 16
#define OCT 8
#define BIN 2
#define BYTE 0
class Print
{
private:
void printNumber(unsigned long, uint8_t);
void printFloat(double, uint8_t);
public:
virtual void write(uint8_t) = 0;
virtual void write(const char *str);
virtual void write(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t size);
void print(const char[]);
void print(char, int = BYTE);
void print(unsigned char, int = BYTE);
void print(int, int = DEC);
void print(unsigned int, int = DEC);
void print(long, int = DEC);
void print(unsigned long, int = DEC);
void print(double, int = 2);
void println(const char[]);
void println(char, int = BYTE);
void println(unsigned char, int = BYTE);
void println(int, int = DEC);
void println(unsigned int, int = DEC);
void println(long, int = DEC);
void println(unsigned long, int = DEC);
void println(double, int = 2);
void println(void);
};
#endif

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/* Tone.cpp
A Tone Generator Library
Written by Brett Hagman
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
Version Modified By Date Comments
------- ----------- -------- --------
0001 B Hagman 09/08/02 Initial coding
0002 B Hagman 09/08/18 Multiple pins
0003 B Hagman 09/08/18 Moved initialization from constructor to begin()
0004 B Hagman 09/09/26 Fixed problems with ATmega8
0005 B Hagman 09/11/23 Scanned prescalars for best fit on 8 bit timers
09/11/25 Changed pin toggle method to XOR
09/11/25 Fixed timer0 from being excluded
0006 D Mellis 09/12/29 Replaced objects with functions
*************************************************/
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#include <wiring.h>
#include <pins_arduino.h>
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega8__)
#define TCCR2A TCCR2
#define TCCR2B TCCR2
#define COM2A1 COM21
#define COM2A0 COM20
#define OCR2A OCR2
#define TIMSK2 TIMSK
#define OCIE2A OCIE2
#define TIMER2_COMPA_vect TIMER2_COMP_vect
#define TIMSK1 TIMSK
#endif
// timerx_toggle_count:
// > 0 - duration specified
// = 0 - stopped
// < 0 - infinitely (until stop() method called, or new play() called)
#if !defined(__AVR_ATmega8__)
volatile long timer0_toggle_count;
volatile uint8_t *timer0_pin_port;
volatile uint8_t timer0_pin_mask;
#endif
volatile long timer1_toggle_count;
volatile uint8_t *timer1_pin_port;
volatile uint8_t timer1_pin_mask;
volatile long timer2_toggle_count;
volatile uint8_t *timer2_pin_port;
volatile uint8_t timer2_pin_mask;
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega1280__)
volatile long timer3_toggle_count;
volatile uint8_t *timer3_pin_port;
volatile uint8_t timer3_pin_mask;
volatile long timer4_toggle_count;
volatile uint8_t *timer4_pin_port;
volatile uint8_t timer4_pin_mask;
volatile long timer5_toggle_count;
volatile uint8_t *timer5_pin_port;
volatile uint8_t timer5_pin_mask;
#endif
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega1280__)
#define AVAILABLE_TONE_PINS 1
const uint8_t PROGMEM tone_pin_to_timer_PGM[] = { 2 /*, 3, 4, 5, 1, 0 */ };
static uint8_t tone_pins[AVAILABLE_TONE_PINS] = { 255 /*, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255 */ };
#elif defined(__AVR_ATmega8__)
#define AVAILABLE_TONE_PINS 1
const uint8_t PROGMEM tone_pin_to_timer_PGM[] = { 2 /*, 1 */ };
static uint8_t tone_pins[AVAILABLE_TONE_PINS] = { 255 /*, 255 */ };
#else
#define AVAILABLE_TONE_PINS 1
// Leave timer 0 to last.
const uint8_t PROGMEM tone_pin_to_timer_PGM[] = { 2 /*, 1, 0 */ };
static uint8_t tone_pins[AVAILABLE_TONE_PINS] = { 255 /*, 255, 255 */ };
#endif
static int8_t toneBegin(uint8_t _pin)
{
int8_t _timer = -1;
// if we're already using the pin, the timer should be configured.
for (int i = 0; i < AVAILABLE_TONE_PINS; i++) {
if (tone_pins[i] == _pin) {
return pgm_read_byte(tone_pin_to_timer_PGM + i);
}
}
// search for an unused timer.
for (int i = 0; i < AVAILABLE_TONE_PINS; i++) {
if (tone_pins[i] == 255) {
tone_pins[i] = _pin;
_timer = pgm_read_byte(tone_pin_to_timer_PGM + i);
break;
}
}
if (_timer != -1)
{
// Set timer specific stuff
// All timers in CTC mode
// 8 bit timers will require changing prescalar values,
// whereas 16 bit timers are set to either ck/1 or ck/64 prescalar
switch (_timer)
{
#if !defined(__AVR_ATmega8__)
case 0:
// 8 bit timer
TCCR0A = 0;
TCCR0B = 0;
bitWrite(TCCR0A, WGM01, 1);
bitWrite(TCCR0B, CS00, 1);
timer0_pin_port = portOutputRegister(digitalPinToPort(_pin));
timer0_pin_mask = digitalPinToBitMask(_pin);
break;
#endif
case 1:
// 16 bit timer
TCCR1A = 0;
TCCR1B = 0;
bitWrite(TCCR1B, WGM12, 1);
bitWrite(TCCR1B, CS10, 1);
timer1_pin_port = portOutputRegister(digitalPinToPort(_pin));
timer1_pin_mask = digitalPinToBitMask(_pin);
break;
case 2:
// 8 bit timer
TCCR2A = 0;
TCCR2B = 0;
bitWrite(TCCR2A, WGM21, 1);
bitWrite(TCCR2B, CS20, 1);
timer2_pin_port = portOutputRegister(digitalPinToPort(_pin));
timer2_pin_mask = digitalPinToBitMask(_pin);
break;
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega1280__)
case 3:
// 16 bit timer
TCCR3A = 0;
TCCR3B = 0;
bitWrite(TCCR3B, WGM32, 1);
bitWrite(TCCR3B, CS30, 1);
timer3_pin_port = portOutputRegister(digitalPinToPort(_pin));
timer3_pin_mask = digitalPinToBitMask(_pin);
break;
case 4:
// 16 bit timer
TCCR4A = 0;
TCCR4B = 0;
bitWrite(TCCR4B, WGM42, 1);
bitWrite(TCCR4B, CS40, 1);
timer4_pin_port = portOutputRegister(digitalPinToPort(_pin));
timer4_pin_mask = digitalPinToBitMask(_pin);
break;
case 5:
// 16 bit timer
TCCR5A = 0;
TCCR5B = 0;
bitWrite(TCCR5B, WGM52, 1);
bitWrite(TCCR5B, CS50, 1);
timer5_pin_port = portOutputRegister(digitalPinToPort(_pin));
timer5_pin_mask = digitalPinToBitMask(_pin);
break;
#endif
}
}
return _timer;
}
// frequency (in hertz) and duration (in milliseconds).
void tone(uint8_t _pin, unsigned int frequency, unsigned long duration)
{
uint8_t prescalarbits = 0b001;
long toggle_count = 0;
uint32_t ocr = 0;
int8_t _timer;
_timer = toneBegin(_pin);
if (_timer >= 0)
{
// Set the pinMode as OUTPUT
pinMode(_pin, OUTPUT);
// if we are using an 8 bit timer, scan through prescalars to find the best fit
if (_timer == 0 || _timer == 2)
{
ocr = F_CPU / frequency / 2 - 1;
prescalarbits = 0b001; // ck/1: same for both timers
if (ocr > 255)
{
ocr = F_CPU / frequency / 2 / 8 - 1;
prescalarbits = 0b010; // ck/8: same for both timers
if (_timer == 2 && ocr > 255)
{
ocr = F_CPU / frequency / 2 / 32 - 1;
prescalarbits = 0b011;
}
if (ocr > 255)
{
ocr = F_CPU / frequency / 2 / 64 - 1;
prescalarbits = _timer == 0 ? 0b011 : 0b100;
if (_timer == 2 && ocr > 255)
{
ocr = F_CPU / frequency / 2 / 128 - 1;
prescalarbits = 0b101;
}
if (ocr > 255)
{
ocr = F_CPU / frequency / 2 / 256 - 1;
prescalarbits = _timer == 0 ? 0b100 : 0b110;
if (ocr > 255)
{
// can't do any better than /1024
ocr = F_CPU / frequency / 2 / 1024 - 1;
prescalarbits = _timer == 0 ? 0b101 : 0b111;
}
}
}
}
#if !defined(__AVR_ATmega8__)
if (_timer == 0)
TCCR0B = prescalarbits;
else
#endif
TCCR2B = prescalarbits;
}
else
{
// two choices for the 16 bit timers: ck/1 or ck/64
ocr = F_CPU / frequency / 2 - 1;
prescalarbits = 0b001;
if (ocr > 0xffff)
{
ocr = F_CPU / frequency / 2 / 64 - 1;
prescalarbits = 0b011;
}
if (_timer == 1)
TCCR1B = (TCCR1B & 0b11111000) | prescalarbits;
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega1280__)
else if (_timer == 3)
TCCR3B = (TCCR3B & 0b11111000) | prescalarbits;
else if (_timer == 4)
TCCR4B = (TCCR4B & 0b11111000) | prescalarbits;
else if (_timer == 5)
TCCR5B = (TCCR5B & 0b11111000) | prescalarbits;
#endif
}
// Calculate the toggle count
if (duration > 0)
{
toggle_count = 2 * frequency * duration / 1000;
}
else
{
toggle_count = -1;
}
// Set the OCR for the given timer,
// set the toggle count,
// then turn on the interrupts
switch (_timer)
{
#if !defined(__AVR_ATmega8__)
case 0:
OCR0A = ocr;
timer0_toggle_count = toggle_count;
bitWrite(TIMSK0, OCIE0A, 1);
break;
#endif
case 1:
OCR1A = ocr;
timer1_toggle_count = toggle_count;
bitWrite(TIMSK1, OCIE1A, 1);
break;
case 2:
OCR2A = ocr;
timer2_toggle_count = toggle_count;
bitWrite(TIMSK2, OCIE2A, 1);
break;
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega1280__)
case 3:
OCR3A = ocr;
timer3_toggle_count = toggle_count;
bitWrite(TIMSK3, OCIE3A, 1);
break;
case 4:
OCR4A = ocr;
timer4_toggle_count = toggle_count;
bitWrite(TIMSK4, OCIE4A, 1);
break;
case 5:
OCR5A = ocr;
timer5_toggle_count = toggle_count;
bitWrite(TIMSK5, OCIE5A, 1);
break;
#endif
}
}
}
void noTone(uint8_t _pin)
{
int8_t _timer = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < AVAILABLE_TONE_PINS; i++) {
if (tone_pins[i] == _pin) {
_timer = pgm_read_byte(tone_pin_to_timer_PGM + i);
tone_pins[i] = 255;
}
}
switch (_timer)
{
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega8__)
case 1:
bitWrite(TIMSK1, OCIE1A, 0);
break;
case 2:
bitWrite(TIMSK2, OCIE2A, 0);
break;
#else
case 0:
TIMSK0 = 0;
break;
case 1:
TIMSK1 = 0;
break;
case 2:
TIMSK2 = 0;
break;
#endif
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega1280__)
case 3:
TIMSK3 = 0;
break;
case 4:
TIMSK4 = 0;
break;
case 5:
TIMSK5 = 0;
break;
#endif
}
digitalWrite(_pin, 0);
}
#if 0
#if !defined(__AVR_ATmega8__)
ISR(TIMER0_COMPA_vect)
{
if (timer0_toggle_count != 0)
{
// toggle the pin
*timer0_pin_port ^= timer0_pin_mask;
if (timer0_toggle_count > 0)
timer0_toggle_count--;
}
else
{
TIMSK0 = 0; // disable the interrupt
*timer0_pin_port &= ~(timer0_pin_mask); // keep pin low after stop
}
}
#endif
ISR(TIMER1_COMPA_vect)
{
if (timer1_toggle_count != 0)
{
// toggle the pin
*timer1_pin_port ^= timer1_pin_mask;
if (timer1_toggle_count > 0)
timer1_toggle_count--;
}
else
{
TIMSK1 = 0; // disable the interrupt
*timer1_pin_port &= ~(timer1_pin_mask); // keep pin low after stop
}
}
#endif
ISR(TIMER2_COMPA_vect)
{
if (timer2_toggle_count != 0)
{
// toggle the pin
*timer2_pin_port ^= timer2_pin_mask;
if (timer2_toggle_count > 0)
timer2_toggle_count--;
}
else
{
TIMSK2 = 0; // disable the interrupt
*timer2_pin_port &= ~(timer2_pin_mask); // keep pin low after stop
}
}
//#if defined(__AVR_ATmega1280__)
#if 0
ISR(TIMER3_COMPA_vect)
{
if (timer3_toggle_count != 0)
{
// toggle the pin
*timer3_pin_port ^= timer3_pin_mask;
if (timer3_toggle_count > 0)
timer3_toggle_count--;
}
else
{
TIMSK3 = 0; // disable the interrupt
*timer3_pin_port &= ~(timer3_pin_mask); // keep pin low after stop
}
}
ISR(TIMER4_COMPA_vect)
{
if (timer4_toggle_count != 0)
{
// toggle the pin
*timer4_pin_port ^= timer4_pin_mask;
if (timer4_toggle_count > 0)
timer4_toggle_count--;
}
else
{
TIMSK4 = 0; // disable the interrupt
*timer4_pin_port &= ~(timer4_pin_mask); // keep pin low after stop
}
}
ISR(TIMER5_COMPA_vect)
{
if (timer5_toggle_count != 0)
{
// toggle the pin
*timer5_pin_port ^= timer5_pin_mask;
if (timer5_toggle_count > 0)
timer5_toggle_count--;
}
else
{
TIMSK5 = 0; // disable the interrupt
*timer5_pin_port &= ~(timer5_pin_mask); // keep pin low after stop
}
}
#endif

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#include "wiring.h"

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/* -*- mode: jde; c-basic-offset: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*- */
/*
Part of the Wiring project - http://wiring.uniandes.edu.co
Copyright (c) 2004-05 Hernando Barragan
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General
Public License along with this library; if not, write to the
Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330,
Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
Modified 24 November 2006 by David A. Mellis
*/
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "WConstants.h"
#include "wiring_private.h"
volatile static voidFuncPtr intFunc[EXTERNAL_NUM_INTERRUPTS];
// volatile static voidFuncPtr twiIntFunc;
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega8__)
#define EICRA MCUCR
#define EIMSK GICR
#endif
void attachInterrupt(uint8_t interruptNum, void (*userFunc)(void), int mode) {
if(interruptNum < EXTERNAL_NUM_INTERRUPTS) {
intFunc[interruptNum] = userFunc;
// Configure the interrupt mode (trigger on low input, any change, rising
// edge, or falling edge). The mode constants were chosen to correspond
// to the configuration bits in the hardware register, so we simply shift
// the mode into place.
// Enable the interrupt.
switch (interruptNum) {
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega1280__)
case 2:
EICRA = (EICRA & ~((1 << ISC00) | (1 << ISC01))) | (mode << ISC00);
EIMSK |= (1 << INT0);
break;
case 3:
EICRA = (EICRA & ~((1 << ISC10) | (1 << ISC11))) | (mode << ISC10);
EIMSK |= (1 << INT1);
break;
case 4:
EICRA = (EICRA & ~((1 << ISC20) | (1 << ISC21))) | (mode << ISC20);
EIMSK |= (1 << INT2);
break;
case 5:
EICRA = (EICRA & ~((1 << ISC30) | (1 << ISC31))) | (mode << ISC30);
EIMSK |= (1 << INT3);
break;
case 0:
EICRB = (EICRB & ~((1 << ISC40) | (1 << ISC41))) | (mode << ISC40);
EIMSK |= (1 << INT4);
break;
case 1:
EICRB = (EICRB & ~((1 << ISC50) | (1 << ISC51))) | (mode << ISC50);
EIMSK |= (1 << INT5);
break;
case 6:
EICRB = (EICRB & ~((1 << ISC60) | (1 << ISC61))) | (mode << ISC60);
EIMSK |= (1 << INT6);
break;
case 7:
EICRB = (EICRB & ~((1 << ISC70) | (1 << ISC71))) | (mode << ISC70);
EIMSK |= (1 << INT7);
break;
#else
case 0:
EICRA = (EICRA & ~((1 << ISC00) | (1 << ISC01))) | (mode << ISC00);
EIMSK |= (1 << INT0);
break;
case 1:
EICRA = (EICRA & ~((1 << ISC10) | (1 << ISC11))) | (mode << ISC10);
EIMSK |= (1 << INT1);
break;
#endif
}
}
}
void detachInterrupt(uint8_t interruptNum) {
if(interruptNum < EXTERNAL_NUM_INTERRUPTS) {
// Disable the interrupt. (We can't assume that interruptNum is equal
// to the number of the EIMSK bit to clear, as this isn't true on the
// ATmega8. There, INT0 is 6 and INT1 is 7.)
switch (interruptNum) {
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega1280__)
case 2:
EIMSK &= ~(1 << INT0);
break;
case 3:
EIMSK &= ~(1 << INT1);
break;
case 4:
EIMSK &= ~(1 << INT2);
break;
case 5:
EIMSK &= ~(1 << INT3);
break;
case 0:
EIMSK &= ~(1 << INT4);
break;
case 1:
EIMSK &= ~(1 << INT5);
break;
case 6:
EIMSK &= ~(1 << INT6);
break;
case 7:
EIMSK &= ~(1 << INT7);
break;
#else
case 0:
EIMSK &= ~(1 << INT0);
break;
case 1:
EIMSK &= ~(1 << INT1);
break;
#endif
}
intFunc[interruptNum] = 0;
}
}
/*
void attachInterruptTwi(void (*userFunc)(void) ) {
twiIntFunc = userFunc;
}
*/
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega1280__)
SIGNAL(INT0_vect) {
if(intFunc[EXTERNAL_INT_2])
intFunc[EXTERNAL_INT_2]();
}
SIGNAL(INT1_vect) {
if(intFunc[EXTERNAL_INT_3])
intFunc[EXTERNAL_INT_3]();
}
SIGNAL(INT2_vect) {
if(intFunc[EXTERNAL_INT_4])
intFunc[EXTERNAL_INT_4]();
}
SIGNAL(INT3_vect) {
if(intFunc[EXTERNAL_INT_5])
intFunc[EXTERNAL_INT_5]();
}
SIGNAL(INT4_vect) {
if(intFunc[EXTERNAL_INT_0])
intFunc[EXTERNAL_INT_0]();
}
SIGNAL(INT5_vect) {
if(intFunc[EXTERNAL_INT_1])
intFunc[EXTERNAL_INT_1]();
}
SIGNAL(INT6_vect) {
if(intFunc[EXTERNAL_INT_6])
intFunc[EXTERNAL_INT_6]();
}
SIGNAL(INT7_vect) {
if(intFunc[EXTERNAL_INT_7])
intFunc[EXTERNAL_INT_7]();
}
#else
SIGNAL(INT0_vect) {
if(intFunc[EXTERNAL_INT_0])
intFunc[EXTERNAL_INT_0]();
}
SIGNAL(INT1_vect) {
if(intFunc[EXTERNAL_INT_1])
intFunc[EXTERNAL_INT_1]();
}
#endif
/*
SIGNAL(SIG_2WIRE_SERIAL) {
if(twiIntFunc)
twiIntFunc();
}
*/

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arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino/WMath.cpp
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/* -*- mode: jde; c-basic-offset: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*- */
/*
Part of the Wiring project - http://wiring.org.co
Copyright (c) 2004-06 Hernando Barragan
Modified 13 August 2006, David A. Mellis for Arduino - http://www.arduino.cc/
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General
Public License along with this library; if not, write to the
Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330,
Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
$Id$
*/
extern "C" {
#include "stdlib.h"
}
void randomSeed(unsigned int seed)
{
if (seed != 0) {
srandom(seed);
}
}
long random(long howbig)
{
if (howbig == 0) {
return 0;
}
return random() % howbig;
}
long random(long howsmall, long howbig)
{
if (howsmall >= howbig) {
return howsmall;
}
long diff = howbig - howsmall;
return random(diff) + howsmall;
}
long map(long x, long in_min, long in_max, long out_min, long out_max)
{
return (x - in_min) * (out_max - out_min) / (in_max - in_min) + out_min;
}
unsigned int makeWord(unsigned int w) { return w; }
unsigned int makeWord(unsigned char h, unsigned char l) { return (h << 8) | l; }

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arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino/WProgram.h
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#ifndef WProgram_h
#define WProgram_h
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
#include "wiring.h"
#ifdef __cplusplus
#include "HardwareSerial.h"
uint16_t makeWord(uint16_t w);
uint16_t makeWord(byte h, byte l);
#define word(...) makeWord(__VA_ARGS__)
unsigned long pulseIn(uint8_t pin, uint8_t state, unsigned long timeout = 1000000L);
void tone(uint8_t _pin, unsigned int frequency, unsigned long duration = 0);
void noTone(uint8_t _pin);
// WMath prototypes
long random(long);
long random(long, long);
void randomSeed(unsigned int);
long map(long, long, long, long, long);
#endif
#endif

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arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino/binary.h
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#ifndef Binary_h
#define Binary_h
#define B0 0
#define B00 0
#define B000 0
#define B0000 0
#define B00000 0
#define B000000 0
#define B0000000 0
#define B00000000 0
#define B1 1
#define B01 1
#define B001 1
#define B0001 1
#define B00001 1
#define B000001 1
#define B0000001 1
#define B00000001 1
#define B10 2
#define B010 2
#define B0010 2
#define B00010 2
#define B000010 2
#define B0000010 2
#define B00000010 2
#define B11 3
#define B011 3
#define B0011 3
#define B00011 3
#define B000011 3
#define B0000011 3
#define B00000011 3
#define B100 4
#define B0100 4
#define B00100 4
#define B000100 4
#define B0000100 4
#define B00000100 4
#define B101 5
#define B0101 5
#define B00101 5
#define B000101 5
#define B0000101 5
#define B00000101 5
#define B110 6
#define B0110 6
#define B00110 6
#define B000110 6
#define B0000110 6
#define B00000110 6
#define B111 7
#define B0111 7
#define B00111 7
#define B000111 7
#define B0000111 7
#define B00000111 7
#define B1000 8
#define B01000 8
#define B001000 8
#define B0001000 8
#define B00001000 8
#define B1001 9
#define B01001 9
#define B001001 9
#define B0001001 9
#define B00001001 9
#define B1010 10
#define B01010 10
#define B001010 10
#define B0001010 10
#define B00001010 10
#define B1011 11
#define B01011 11
#define B001011 11
#define B0001011 11
#define B00001011 11
#define B1100 12
#define B01100 12
#define B001100 12
#define B0001100 12
#define B00001100 12
#define B1101 13
#define B01101 13
#define B001101 13
#define B0001101 13
#define B00001101 13
#define B1110 14
#define B01110 14
#define B001110 14
#define B0001110 14
#define B00001110 14
#define B1111 15
#define B01111 15
#define B001111 15
#define B0001111 15
#define B00001111 15
#define B10000 16
#define B010000 16
#define B0010000 16
#define B00010000 16
#define B10001 17
#define B010001 17
#define B0010001 17
#define B00010001 17
#define B10010 18
#define B010010 18
#define B0010010 18
#define B00010010 18
#define B10011 19
#define B010011 19
#define B0010011 19
#define B00010011 19
#define B10100 20
#define B010100 20
#define B0010100 20
#define B00010100 20
#define B10101 21
#define B010101 21
#define B0010101 21
#define B00010101 21
#define B10110 22
#define B010110 22
#define B0010110 22
#define B00010110 22
#define B10111 23
#define B010111 23
#define B0010111 23
#define B00010111 23
#define B11000 24
#define B011000 24
#define B0011000 24
#define B00011000 24
#define B11001 25
#define B011001 25
#define B0011001 25
#define B00011001 25
#define B11010 26
#define B011010 26
#define B0011010 26
#define B00011010 26
#define B11011 27
#define B011011 27
#define B0011011 27
#define B00011011 27
#define B11100 28
#define B011100 28
#define B0011100 28
#define B00011100 28
#define B11101 29
#define B011101 29
#define B0011101 29
#define B00011101 29
#define B11110 30
#define B011110 30
#define B0011110 30
#define B00011110 30
#define B11111 31
#define B011111 31
#define B0011111 31
#define B00011111 31
#define B100000 32
#define B0100000 32
#define B00100000 32
#define B100001 33
#define B0100001 33
#define B00100001 33
#define B100010 34
#define B0100010 34
#define B00100010 34
#define B100011 35
#define B0100011 35
#define B00100011 35
#define B100100 36
#define B0100100 36
#define B00100100 36
#define B100101 37
#define B0100101 37
#define B00100101 37
#define B100110 38
#define B0100110 38
#define B00100110 38
#define B100111 39
#define B0100111 39
#define B00100111 39
#define B101000 40
#define B0101000 40
#define B00101000 40
#define B101001 41
#define B0101001 41
#define B00101001 41
#define B101010 42
#define B0101010 42
#define B00101010 42
#define B101011 43
#define B0101011 43
#define B00101011 43
#define B101100 44
#define B0101100 44
#define B00101100 44
#define B101101 45
#define B0101101 45
#define B00101101 45
#define B101110 46
#define B0101110 46
#define B00101110 46
#define B101111 47
#define B0101111 47
#define B00101111 47
#define B110000 48
#define B0110000 48
#define B00110000 48
#define B110001 49
#define B0110001 49
#define B00110001 49
#define B110010 50
#define B0110010 50
#define B00110010 50
#define B110011 51
#define B0110011 51
#define B00110011 51
#define B110100 52
#define B0110100 52
#define B00110100 52
#define B110101 53
#define B0110101 53
#define B00110101 53
#define B110110 54
#define B0110110 54
#define B00110110 54
#define B110111 55
#define B0110111 55
#define B00110111 55
#define B111000 56
#define B0111000 56
#define B00111000 56
#define B111001 57
#define B0111001 57
#define B00111001 57
#define B111010 58
#define B0111010 58
#define B00111010 58
#define B111011 59
#define B0111011 59
#define B00111011 59
#define B111100 60
#define B0111100 60
#define B00111100 60
#define B111101 61
#define B0111101 61
#define B00111101 61
#define B111110 62
#define B0111110 62
#define B00111110 62
#define B111111 63
#define B0111111 63
#define B00111111 63
#define B1000000 64
#define B01000000 64
#define B1000001 65
#define B01000001 65
#define B1000010 66
#define B01000010 66
#define B1000011 67
#define B01000011 67
#define B1000100 68
#define B01000100 68
#define B1000101 69
#define B01000101 69
#define B1000110 70
#define B01000110 70
#define B1000111 71
#define B01000111 71
#define B1001000 72
#define B01001000 72
#define B1001001 73
#define B01001001 73
#define B1001010 74
#define B01001010 74
#define B1001011 75
#define B01001011 75
#define B1001100 76
#define B01001100 76
#define B1001101 77
#define B01001101 77
#define B1001110 78
#define B01001110 78
#define B1001111 79
#define B01001111 79
#define B1010000 80
#define B01010000 80
#define B1010001 81
#define B01010001 81
#define B1010010 82
#define B01010010 82
#define B1010011 83
#define B01010011 83
#define B1010100 84
#define B01010100 84
#define B1010101 85
#define B01010101 85
#define B1010110 86
#define B01010110 86
#define B1010111 87
#define B01010111 87
#define B1011000 88
#define B01011000 88
#define B1011001 89
#define B01011001 89
#define B1011010 90
#define B01011010 90
#define B1011011 91
#define B01011011 91
#define B1011100 92
#define B01011100 92
#define B1011101 93
#define B01011101 93
#define B1011110 94
#define B01011110 94
#define B1011111 95
#define B01011111 95
#define B1100000 96
#define B01100000 96
#define B1100001 97
#define B01100001 97
#define B1100010 98
#define B01100010 98
#define B1100011 99
#define B01100011 99
#define B1100100 100
#define B01100100 100
#define B1100101 101
#define B01100101 101
#define B1100110 102
#define B01100110 102
#define B1100111 103
#define B01100111 103
#define B1101000 104
#define B01101000 104
#define B1101001 105
#define B01101001 105
#define B1101010 106
#define B01101010 106
#define B1101011 107
#define B01101011 107
#define B1101100 108
#define B01101100 108
#define B1101101 109
#define B01101101 109
#define B1101110 110
#define B01101110 110
#define B1101111 111
#define B01101111 111
#define B1110000 112
#define B01110000 112
#define B1110001 113
#define B01110001 113
#define B1110010 114
#define B01110010 114
#define B1110011 115
#define B01110011 115
#define B1110100 116
#define B01110100 116
#define B1110101 117
#define B01110101 117
#define B1110110 118
#define B01110110 118
#define B1110111 119
#define B01110111 119
#define B1111000 120
#define B01111000 120
#define B1111001 121
#define B01111001 121
#define B1111010 122
#define B01111010 122
#define B1111011 123
#define B01111011 123
#define B1111100 124
#define B01111100 124
#define B1111101 125
#define B01111101 125
#define B1111110 126
#define B01111110 126
#define B1111111 127
#define B01111111 127
#define B10000000 128
#define B10000001 129
#define B10000010 130
#define B10000011 131
#define B10000100 132
#define B10000101 133
#define B10000110 134
#define B10000111 135
#define B10001000 136
#define B10001001 137
#define B10001010 138
#define B10001011 139
#define B10001100 140
#define B10001101 141
#define B10001110 142
#define B10001111 143
#define B10010000 144
#define B10010001 145
#define B10010010 146
#define B10010011 147
#define B10010100 148
#define B10010101 149
#define B10010110 150
#define B10010111 151
#define B10011000 152
#define B10011001 153
#define B10011010 154
#define B10011011 155
#define B10011100 156
#define B10011101 157
#define B10011110 158
#define B10011111 159
#define B10100000 160
#define B10100001 161
#define B10100010 162
#define B10100011 163
#define B10100100 164
#define B10100101 165
#define B10100110 166
#define B10100111 167
#define B10101000 168
#define B10101001 169
#define B10101010 170
#define B10101011 171
#define B10101100 172
#define B10101101 173
#define B10101110 174
#define B10101111 175
#define B10110000 176
#define B10110001 177
#define B10110010 178
#define B10110011 179
#define B10110100 180
#define B10110101 181
#define B10110110 182
#define B10110111 183
#define B10111000 184
#define B10111001 185
#define B10111010 186
#define B10111011 187
#define B10111100 188
#define B10111101 189
#define B10111110 190
#define B10111111 191
#define B11000000 192
#define B11000001 193
#define B11000010 194
#define B11000011 195
#define B11000100 196
#define B11000101 197
#define B11000110 198
#define B11000111 199
#define B11001000 200
#define B11001001 201
#define B11001010 202
#define B11001011 203
#define B11001100 204
#define B11001101 205
#define B11001110 206
#define B11001111 207
#define B11010000 208
#define B11010001 209
#define B11010010 210
#define B11010011 211
#define B11010100 212
#define B11010101 213
#define B11010110 214
#define B11010111 215
#define B11011000 216
#define B11011001 217
#define B11011010 218
#define B11011011 219
#define B11011100 220
#define B11011101 221
#define B11011110 222
#define B11011111 223
#define B11100000 224
#define B11100001 225
#define B11100010 226
#define B11100011 227
#define B11100100 228
#define B11100101 229
#define B11100110 230
#define B11100111 231
#define B11101000 232
#define B11101001 233
#define B11101010 234
#define B11101011 235
#define B11101100 236
#define B11101101 237
#define B11101110 238
#define B11101111 239
#define B11110000 240
#define B11110001 241
#define B11110010 242
#define B11110011 243
#define B11110100 244
#define B11110101 245
#define B11110110 246
#define B11110111 247
#define B11111000 248
#define B11111001 249
#define B11111010 250
#define B11111011 251
#define B11111100 252
#define B11111101 253
#define B11111110 254
#define B11111111 255
#endif

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arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino/main.cpp
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#include <WProgram.h>
int main(void)
{
init();
setup();
for (;;)
loop();
return 0;
}

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arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino/pins_arduino.c
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/*
pins_arduino.c - pin definitions for the Arduino board
Part of Arduino / Wiring Lite
Copyright (c) 2005 David A. Mellis
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General
Public License along with this library; if not, write to the
Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330,
Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
$Id: pins_arduino.c 804 2009-12-18 16:05:52Z dmellis $
*/
#include <avr/io.h>
#include "wiring_private.h"
#include "pins_arduino.h"
// On the Arduino board, digital pins are also used
// for the analog output (software PWM). Analog input
// pins are a separate set.
// ATMEL ATMEGA8 & 168 / ARDUINO
//
// +-\/-+
// PC6 1| |28 PC5 (AI 5)
// (D 0) PD0 2| |27 PC4 (AI 4)
// (D 1) PD1 3| |26 PC3 (AI 3)
// (D 2) PD2 4| |25 PC2 (AI 2)
// PWM+ (D 3) PD3 5| |24 PC1 (AI 1)
// (D 4) PD4 6| |23 PC0 (AI 0)
// VCC 7| |22 GND
// GND 8| |21 AREF
// PB6 9| |20 AVCC
// PB7 10| |19 PB5 (D 13)
// PWM+ (D 5) PD5 11| |18 PB4 (D 12)
// PWM+ (D 6) PD6 12| |17 PB3 (D 11) PWM
// (D 7) PD7 13| |16 PB2 (D 10) PWM
// (D 8) PB0 14| |15 PB1 (D 9) PWM
// +----+
//
// (PWM+ indicates the additional PWM pins on the ATmega168.)
// ATMEL ATMEGA1280 / ARDUINO
//
// 0-7 PE0-PE7 works
// 8-13 PB0-PB5 works
// 14-21 PA0-PA7 works
// 22-29 PH0-PH7 works
// 30-35 PG5-PG0 works
// 36-43 PC7-PC0 works
// 44-51 PJ7-PJ0 works
// 52-59 PL7-PL0 works
// 60-67 PD7-PD0 works
// A0-A7 PF0-PF7
// A8-A15 PK0-PK7
#define PA 1
#define PB 2
#define PC 3
#define PD 4
#define PE 5
#define PF 6
#define PG 7
#define PH 8
#define PJ 10
#define PK 11
#define PL 12
#define REPEAT8(x) x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x
#define BV0TO7 _BV(0), _BV(1), _BV(2), _BV(3), _BV(4), _BV(5), _BV(6), _BV(7)
#define BV7TO0 _BV(7), _BV(6), _BV(5), _BV(4), _BV(3), _BV(2), _BV(1), _BV(0)
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega1280__)
const uint16_t PROGMEM port_to_mode_PGM[] = {
NOT_A_PORT,
&DDRA,
&DDRB,
&DDRC,
&DDRD,
&DDRE,
&DDRF,
&DDRG,
&DDRH,
NOT_A_PORT,
&DDRJ,
&DDRK,
&DDRL,
};
const uint16_t PROGMEM port_to_output_PGM[] = {
NOT_A_PORT,
&PORTA,
&PORTB,
&PORTC,
&PORTD,
&PORTE,
&PORTF,
&PORTG,
&PORTH,
NOT_A_PORT,
&PORTJ,
&PORTK,
&PORTL,
};
const uint16_t PROGMEM port_to_input_PGM[] = {
NOT_A_PIN,
&PINA,
&PINB,
&PINC,
&PIND,
&PINE,
&PINF,
&PING,
&PINH,
NOT_A_PIN,
&PINJ,
&PINK,
&PINL,
};
const uint8_t PROGMEM digital_pin_to_port_PGM[] = {
// PORTLIST
// -------------------------------------------
PE , // PE 0 ** 0 ** USART0_RX
PE , // PE 1 ** 1 ** USART0_TX
PE , // PE 4 ** 2 ** PWM2
PE , // PE 5 ** 3 ** PWM3
PG , // PG 5 ** 4 ** PWM4
PE , // PE 3 ** 5 ** PWM5
PH , // PH 3 ** 6 ** PWM6
PH , // PH 4 ** 7 ** PWM7
PH , // PH 5 ** 8 ** PWM8
PH , // PH 6 ** 9 ** PWM9
PB , // PB 4 ** 10 ** PWM10
PB , // PB 5 ** 11 ** PWM11
PB , // PB 6 ** 12 ** PWM12
PB , // PB 7 ** 13 ** PWM13
PJ , // PJ 1 ** 14 ** USART3_TX
PJ , // PJ 0 ** 15 ** USART3_RX
PH , // PH 1 ** 16 ** USART2_TX
PH , // PH 0 ** 17 ** USART2_RX
PD , // PD 3 ** 18 ** USART1_TX
PD , // PD 2 ** 19 ** USART1_RX
PD , // PD 1 ** 20 ** I2C_SDA
PD , // PD 0 ** 21 ** I2C_SCL
PA , // PA 0 ** 22 ** D22
PA , // PA 1 ** 23 ** D23
PA , // PA 2 ** 24 ** D24
PA , // PA 3 ** 25 ** D25
PA , // PA 4 ** 26 ** D26
PA , // PA 5 ** 27 ** D27
PA , // PA 6 ** 28 ** D28
PA , // PA 7 ** 29 ** D29
PC , // PC 7 ** 30 ** D30
PC , // PC 6 ** 31 ** D31
PC , // PC 5 ** 32 ** D32
PC , // PC 4 ** 33 ** D33
PC , // PC 3 ** 34 ** D34
PC , // PC 2 ** 35 ** D35
PC , // PC 1 ** 36 ** D36
PC , // PC 0 ** 37 ** D37
PD , // PD 7 ** 38 ** D38
PG , // PG 2 ** 39 ** D39
PG , // PG 1 ** 40 ** D40
PG , // PG 0 ** 41 ** D41
PL , // PL 7 ** 42 ** D42
PL , // PL 6 ** 43 ** D43
PL , // PL 5 ** 44 ** D44
PL , // PL 4 ** 45 ** D45
PL , // PL 3 ** 46 ** D46
PL , // PL 2 ** 47 ** D47
PL , // PL 1 ** 48 ** D48
PL , // PL 0 ** 49 ** D49
PB , // PB 3 ** 50 ** SPI_MISO
PB , // PB 2 ** 51 ** SPI_MOSI
PB , // PB 1 ** 52 ** SPI_SCK
PB , // PB 0 ** 53 ** SPI_SS
PF , // PF 0 ** 54 ** A0
PF , // PF 1 ** 55 ** A1
PF , // PF 2 ** 56 ** A2
PF , // PF 3 ** 57 ** A3
PF , // PF 4 ** 58 ** A4
PF , // PF 5 ** 59 ** A5
PF , // PF 6 ** 60 ** A6
PF , // PF 7 ** 61 ** A7
PK , // PK 0 ** 62 ** A8
PK , // PK 1 ** 63 ** A9
PK , // PK 2 ** 64 ** A10
PK , // PK 3 ** 65 ** A11
PK , // PK 4 ** 66 ** A12
PK , // PK 5 ** 67 ** A13
PK , // PK 6 ** 68 ** A14
PK , // PK 7 ** 69 ** A15
};
const uint8_t PROGMEM digital_pin_to_bit_mask_PGM[] = {
// PIN IN PORT
// -------------------------------------------
_BV( 0 ) , // PE 0 ** 0 ** USART0_RX
_BV( 1 ) , // PE 1 ** 1 ** USART0_TX
_BV( 4 ) , // PE 4 ** 2 ** PWM2
_BV( 5 ) , // PE 5 ** 3 ** PWM3
_BV( 5 ) , // PG 5 ** 4 ** PWM4
_BV( 3 ) , // PE 3 ** 5 ** PWM5
_BV( 3 ) , // PH 3 ** 6 ** PWM6
_BV( 4 ) , // PH 4 ** 7 ** PWM7
_BV( 5 ) , // PH 5 ** 8 ** PWM8
_BV( 6 ) , // PH 6 ** 9 ** PWM9
_BV( 4 ) , // PB 4 ** 10 ** PWM10
_BV( 5 ) , // PB 5 ** 11 ** PWM11
_BV( 6 ) , // PB 6 ** 12 ** PWM12
_BV( 7 ) , // PB 7 ** 13 ** PWM13
_BV( 1 ) , // PJ 1 ** 14 ** USART3_TX
_BV( 0 ) , // PJ 0 ** 15 ** USART3_RX
_BV( 1 ) , // PH 1 ** 16 ** USART2_TX
_BV( 0 ) , // PH 0 ** 17 ** USART2_RX
_BV( 3 ) , // PD 3 ** 18 ** USART1_TX
_BV( 2 ) , // PD 2 ** 19 ** USART1_RX
_BV( 1 ) , // PD 1 ** 20 ** I2C_SDA
_BV( 0 ) , // PD 0 ** 21 ** I2C_SCL
_BV( 0 ) , // PA 0 ** 22 ** D22
_BV( 1 ) , // PA 1 ** 23 ** D23
_BV( 2 ) , // PA 2 ** 24 ** D24
_BV( 3 ) , // PA 3 ** 25 ** D25
_BV( 4 ) , // PA 4 ** 26 ** D26
_BV( 5 ) , // PA 5 ** 27 ** D27
_BV( 6 ) , // PA 6 ** 28 ** D28
_BV( 7 ) , // PA 7 ** 29 ** D29
_BV( 7 ) , // PC 7 ** 30 ** D30
_BV( 6 ) , // PC 6 ** 31 ** D31
_BV( 5 ) , // PC 5 ** 32 ** D32
_BV( 4 ) , // PC 4 ** 33 ** D33
_BV( 3 ) , // PC 3 ** 34 ** D34
_BV( 2 ) , // PC 2 ** 35 ** D35
_BV( 1 ) , // PC 1 ** 36 ** D36
_BV( 0 ) , // PC 0 ** 37 ** D37
_BV( 7 ) , // PD 7 ** 38 ** D38
_BV( 2 ) , // PG 2 ** 39 ** D39
_BV( 1 ) , // PG 1 ** 40 ** D40
_BV( 0 ) , // PG 0 ** 41 ** D41
_BV( 7 ) , // PL 7 ** 42 ** D42
_BV( 6 ) , // PL 6 ** 43 ** D43
_BV( 5 ) , // PL 5 ** 44 ** D44
_BV( 4 ) , // PL 4 ** 45 ** D45
_BV( 3 ) , // PL 3 ** 46 ** D46
_BV( 2 ) , // PL 2 ** 47 ** D47
_BV( 1 ) , // PL 1 ** 48 ** D48
_BV( 0 ) , // PL 0 ** 49 ** D49
_BV( 3 ) , // PB 3 ** 50 ** SPI_MISO
_BV( 2 ) , // PB 2 ** 51 ** SPI_MOSI
_BV( 1 ) , // PB 1 ** 52 ** SPI_SCK
_BV( 0 ) , // PB 0 ** 53 ** SPI_SS
_BV( 0 ) , // PF 0 ** 54 ** A0
_BV( 1 ) , // PF 1 ** 55 ** A1
_BV( 2 ) , // PF 2 ** 56 ** A2
_BV( 3 ) , // PF 3 ** 57 ** A3
_BV( 4 ) , // PF 4 ** 58 ** A4
_BV( 5 ) , // PF 5 ** 59 ** A5
_BV( 6 ) , // PF 6 ** 60 ** A6
_BV( 7 ) , // PF 7 ** 61 ** A7
_BV( 0 ) , // PK 0 ** 62 ** A8
_BV( 1 ) , // PK 1 ** 63 ** A9
_BV( 2 ) , // PK 2 ** 64 ** A10
_BV( 3 ) , // PK 3 ** 65 ** A11
_BV( 4 ) , // PK 4 ** 66 ** A12
_BV( 5 ) , // PK 5 ** 67 ** A13
_BV( 6 ) , // PK 6 ** 68 ** A14
_BV( 7 ) , // PK 7 ** 69 ** A15
};
const uint8_t PROGMEM digital_pin_to_timer_PGM[] = {
// TIMERS
// -------------------------------------------
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PE 0 ** 0 ** USART0_RX
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PE 1 ** 1 ** USART0_TX
TIMER3B , // PE 4 ** 2 ** PWM2
TIMER3C , // PE 5 ** 3 ** PWM3
TIMER0B , // PG 5 ** 4 ** PWM4
TIMER3A , // PE 3 ** 5 ** PWM5
TIMER4A , // PH 3 ** 6 ** PWM6
TIMER4B , // PH 4 ** 7 ** PWM7
TIMER4C , // PH 5 ** 8 ** PWM8
TIMER2B , // PH 6 ** 9 ** PWM9
TIMER2A , // PB 4 ** 10 ** PWM10
TIMER1A , // PB 5 ** 11 ** PWM11
TIMER1B , // PB 6 ** 12 ** PWM12
TIMER0A , // PB 7 ** 13 ** PWM13
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PJ 1 ** 14 ** USART3_TX
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PJ 0 ** 15 ** USART3_RX
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PH 1 ** 16 ** USART2_TX
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PH 0 ** 17 ** USART2_RX
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PD 3 ** 18 ** USART1_TX
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PD 2 ** 19 ** USART1_RX
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PD 1 ** 20 ** I2C_SDA
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PD 0 ** 21 ** I2C_SCL
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PA 0 ** 22 ** D22
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PA 1 ** 23 ** D23
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PA 2 ** 24 ** D24
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PA 3 ** 25 ** D25
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PA 4 ** 26 ** D26
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PA 5 ** 27 ** D27
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PA 6 ** 28 ** D28
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PA 7 ** 29 ** D29
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PC 7 ** 30 ** D30
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PC 6 ** 31 ** D31
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PC 5 ** 32 ** D32
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PC 4 ** 33 ** D33
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PC 3 ** 34 ** D34
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PC 2 ** 35 ** D35
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PC 1 ** 36 ** D36
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PC 0 ** 37 ** D37
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PD 7 ** 38 ** D38
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PG 2 ** 39 ** D39
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PG 1 ** 40 ** D40
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PG 0 ** 41 ** D41
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PL 7 ** 42 ** D42
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PL 6 ** 43 ** D43
TIMER5C , // PL 5 ** 44 ** D44
TIMER5B , // PL 4 ** 45 ** D45
TIMER5A , // PL 3 ** 46 ** D46
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PL 2 ** 47 ** D47
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PL 1 ** 48 ** D48
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PL 0 ** 49 ** D49
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PB 3 ** 50 ** SPI_MISO
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PB 2 ** 51 ** SPI_MOSI
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PB 1 ** 52 ** SPI_SCK
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PB 0 ** 53 ** SPI_SS
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PF 0 ** 54 ** A0
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PF 1 ** 55 ** A1
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PF 2 ** 56 ** A2
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PF 3 ** 57 ** A3
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PF 4 ** 58 ** A4
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PF 5 ** 59 ** A5
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PF 6 ** 60 ** A6
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PF 7 ** 61 ** A7
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PK 0 ** 62 ** A8
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PK 1 ** 63 ** A9
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PK 2 ** 64 ** A10
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PK 3 ** 65 ** A11
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PK 4 ** 66 ** A12
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PK 5 ** 67 ** A13
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PK 6 ** 68 ** A14
NOT_ON_TIMER , // PK 7 ** 69 ** A15
};
#else
// these arrays map port names (e.g. port B) to the
// appropriate addresses for various functions (e.g. reading
// and writing)
const uint16_t PROGMEM port_to_mode_PGM[] = {
NOT_A_PORT,
NOT_A_PORT,
&DDRB,
&DDRC,
&DDRD,
};
const uint16_t PROGMEM port_to_output_PGM[] = {
NOT_A_PORT,
NOT_A_PORT,
&PORTB,
&PORTC,
&PORTD,
};
const uint16_t PROGMEM port_to_input_PGM[] = {
NOT_A_PORT,
NOT_A_PORT,
&PINB,
&PINC,
&PIND,
};
const uint8_t PROGMEM digital_pin_to_port_PGM[] = {
PD, /* 0 */
PD,
PD,
PD,
PD,
PD,
PD,
PD,
PB, /* 8 */
PB,
PB,
PB,
PB,
PB,
PC, /* 14 */
PC,
PC,
PC,
PC,
PC,
};
const uint8_t PROGMEM digital_pin_to_bit_mask_PGM[] = {
_BV(0), /* 0, port D */
_BV(1),
_BV(2),
_BV(3),
_BV(4),
_BV(5),
_BV(6),
_BV(7),
_BV(0), /* 8, port B */
_BV(1),
_BV(2),
_BV(3),
_BV(4),
_BV(5),
_BV(0), /* 14, port C */
_BV(1),
_BV(2),
_BV(3),
_BV(4),
_BV(5),
};
const uint8_t PROGMEM digital_pin_to_timer_PGM[] = {
NOT_ON_TIMER, /* 0 - port D */
NOT_ON_TIMER,
NOT_ON_TIMER,
// on the ATmega168, digital pin 3 has hardware pwm
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega8__)
NOT_ON_TIMER,
#else
TIMER2B,
#endif
NOT_ON_TIMER,
// on the ATmega168, digital pins 5 and 6 have hardware pwm
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega8__)
NOT_ON_TIMER,
NOT_ON_TIMER,
#else
TIMER0B,
TIMER0A,
#endif
NOT_ON_TIMER,
NOT_ON_TIMER, /* 8 - port B */
TIMER1A,
TIMER1B,
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega8__)
TIMER2,
#else
TIMER2A,
#endif
NOT_ON_TIMER,
NOT_ON_TIMER,
NOT_ON_TIMER,
NOT_ON_TIMER, /* 14 - port C */
NOT_ON_TIMER,
NOT_ON_TIMER,
NOT_ON_TIMER,
NOT_ON_TIMER,
};
#endif

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/*
pins_arduino.h - Pin definition functions for Arduino
Part of Arduino - http://www.arduino.cc/
Copyright (c) 2007 David A. Mellis
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General
Public License along with this library; if not, write to the
Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330,
Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
$Id: wiring.h 249 2007-02-03 16:52:51Z mellis $
*/
#ifndef Pins_Arduino_h
#define Pins_Arduino_h
#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#define NOT_A_PIN 0
#define NOT_A_PORT 0
#define NOT_ON_TIMER 0
#define TIMER0A 1
#define TIMER0B 2
#define TIMER1A 3
#define TIMER1B 4
#define TIMER2 5
#define TIMER2A 6
#define TIMER2B 7
#define TIMER3A 8
#define TIMER3B 9
#define TIMER3C 10
#define TIMER4A 11
#define TIMER4B 12
#define TIMER4C 13
#define TIMER5A 14
#define TIMER5B 15
#define TIMER5C 16
// On the ATmega1280, the addresses of some of the port registers are
// greater than 255, so we can't store them in uint8_t's.
extern const uint16_t PROGMEM port_to_mode_PGM[];
extern const uint16_t PROGMEM port_to_input_PGM[];
extern const uint16_t PROGMEM port_to_output_PGM[];
extern const uint8_t PROGMEM digital_pin_to_port_PGM[];
// extern const uint8_t PROGMEM digital_pin_to_bit_PGM[];
extern const uint8_t PROGMEM digital_pin_to_bit_mask_PGM[];
extern const uint8_t PROGMEM digital_pin_to_timer_PGM[];
// Get the bit location within the hardware port of the given virtual pin.
// This comes from the pins_*.c file for the active board configuration.
//
// These perform slightly better as macros compared to inline functions
//
#define digitalPinToPort(P) ( pgm_read_byte( digital_pin_to_port_PGM + (P) ) )
#define digitalPinToBitMask(P) ( pgm_read_byte( digital_pin_to_bit_mask_PGM + (P) ) )
#define digitalPinToTimer(P) ( pgm_read_byte( digital_pin_to_timer_PGM + (P) ) )
#define analogInPinToBit(P) (P)
#define portOutputRegister(P) ( (volatile uint8_t *)( pgm_read_word( port_to_output_PGM + (P))) )
#define portInputRegister(P) ( (volatile uint8_t *)( pgm_read_word( port_to_input_PGM + (P))) )
#define portModeRegister(P) ( (volatile uint8_t *)( pgm_read_word( port_to_mode_PGM + (P))) )
#endif

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/*
wiring.c - Partial implementation of the Wiring API for the ATmega8.
Part of Arduino - http://www.arduino.cc/
Copyright (c) 2005-2006 David A. Mellis
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General
Public License along with this library; if not, write to the
Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330,
Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
$Id: wiring.c 808 2009-12-18 17:44:08Z dmellis $
*/
#include "wiring_private.h"
// the prescaler is set so that timer0 ticks every 64 clock cycles, and the
// the overflow handler is called every 256 ticks.
#define MICROSECONDS_PER_TIMER0_OVERFLOW (clockCyclesToMicroseconds(64 * 256))
// the whole number of milliseconds per timer0 overflow
#define MILLIS_INC (MICROSECONDS_PER_TIMER0_OVERFLOW / 1000)
// the fractional number of milliseconds per timer0 overflow. we shift right
// by three to fit these numbers into a byte. (for the clock speeds we care
// about - 8 and 16 MHz - this doesn't lose precision.)
#define FRACT_INC ((MICROSECONDS_PER_TIMER0_OVERFLOW % 1000) >> 3)
#define FRACT_MAX (1000 >> 3)
volatile unsigned long timer0_overflow_count = 0;
volatile unsigned long timer0_millis = 0;
static unsigned char timer0_fract = 0;
SIGNAL(TIMER0_OVF_vect)
{
// copy these to local variables so they can be stored in registers
// (volatile variables must be read from memory on every access)
unsigned long m = timer0_millis;
unsigned char f = timer0_fract;
m += MILLIS_INC;
f += FRACT_INC;
if (f >= FRACT_MAX) {
f -= FRACT_MAX;
m += 1;
}
timer0_fract = f;
timer0_millis = m;
timer0_overflow_count++;
}
unsigned long millis()
{
unsigned long m;
uint8_t oldSREG = SREG;
// disable interrupts while we read timer0_millis or we might get an
// inconsistent value (e.g. in the middle of a write to timer0_millis)
cli();
m = timer0_millis;
SREG = oldSREG;
return m;
}
unsigned long micros() {
unsigned long m;
uint8_t oldSREG = SREG, t;
cli();
m = timer0_overflow_count;
t = TCNT0;
#ifdef TIFR0
if ((TIFR0 & _BV(TOV0)) && (t < 255))
m++;
#else
if ((TIFR & _BV(TOV0)) && (t < 255))
m++;
#endif
SREG = oldSREG;
return ((m << 8) + t) * (64 / clockCyclesPerMicrosecond());
}
void delay(unsigned long ms)
{
unsigned long start = millis();
while (millis() - start <= ms)
;
}
/* Delay for the given number of microseconds. Assumes a 8 or 16 MHz clock. */
void delayMicroseconds(unsigned int us)
{
// calling avrlib's delay_us() function with low values (e.g. 1 or
// 2 microseconds) gives delays longer than desired.
//delay_us(us);
#if F_CPU >= 16000000L
// for the 16 MHz clock on most Arduino boards
// for a one-microsecond delay, simply return. the overhead
// of the function call yields a delay of approximately 1 1/8 us.
if (--us == 0)
return;
// the following loop takes a quarter of a microsecond (4 cycles)
// per iteration, so execute it four times for each microsecond of
// delay requested.
us <<= 2;
// account for the time taken in the preceeding commands.
us -= 2;
#else
// for the 8 MHz internal clock on the ATmega168
// for a one- or two-microsecond delay, simply return. the overhead of
// the function calls takes more than two microseconds. can't just
// subtract two, since us is unsigned; we'd overflow.
if (--us == 0)
return;
if (--us == 0)
return;
// the following loop takes half of a microsecond (4 cycles)
// per iteration, so execute it twice for each microsecond of
// delay requested.
us <<= 1;
// partially compensate for the time taken by the preceeding commands.
// we can't subtract any more than this or we'd overflow w/ small delays.
us--;
#endif
// busy wait
__asm__ __volatile__ (
"1: sbiw %0,1" "\n\t" // 2 cycles
"brne 1b" : "=w" (us) : "0" (us) // 2 cycles
);
}
void init()
{
// this needs to be called before setup() or some functions won't
// work there
sei();
// on the ATmega168, timer 0 is also used for fast hardware pwm
// (using phase-correct PWM would mean that timer 0 overflowed half as often
// resulting in different millis() behavior on the ATmega8 and ATmega168)
#if !defined(__AVR_ATmega8__)
sbi(TCCR0A, WGM01);
sbi(TCCR0A, WGM00);
#endif
// set timer 0 prescale factor to 64
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega8__)
sbi(TCCR0, CS01);
sbi(TCCR0, CS00);
#else
sbi(TCCR0B, CS01);
sbi(TCCR0B, CS00);
#endif
// enable timer 0 overflow interrupt
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega8__)
sbi(TIMSK, TOIE0);
#else
sbi(TIMSK0, TOIE0);
#endif
// timers 1 and 2 are used for phase-correct hardware pwm
// this is better for motors as it ensures an even waveform
// note, however, that fast pwm mode can achieve a frequency of up
// 8 MHz (with a 16 MHz clock) at 50% duty cycle
// set timer 1 prescale factor to 64
sbi(TCCR1B, CS11);
sbi(TCCR1B, CS10);
// put timer 1 in 8-bit phase correct pwm mode
sbi(TCCR1A, WGM10);
// set timer 2 prescale factor to 64
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega8__)
sbi(TCCR2, CS22);
#else
sbi(TCCR2B, CS22);
#endif
// configure timer 2 for phase correct pwm (8-bit)
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega8__)
sbi(TCCR2, WGM20);
#else
sbi(TCCR2A, WGM20);
#endif
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega1280__)
// set timer 3, 4, 5 prescale factor to 64
sbi(TCCR3B, CS31); sbi(TCCR3B, CS30);
sbi(TCCR4B, CS41); sbi(TCCR4B, CS40);
sbi(TCCR5B, CS51); sbi(TCCR5B, CS50);
// put timer 3, 4, 5 in 8-bit phase correct pwm mode
sbi(TCCR3A, WGM30);
sbi(TCCR4A, WGM40);
sbi(TCCR5A, WGM50);
#endif
// set a2d prescale factor to 128
// 16 MHz / 128 = 125 KHz, inside the desired 50-200 KHz range.
// XXX: this will not work properly for other clock speeds, and
// this code should use F_CPU to determine the prescale factor.
sbi(ADCSRA, ADPS2);
sbi(ADCSRA, ADPS1);
sbi(ADCSRA, ADPS0);
// enable a2d conversions
sbi(ADCSRA, ADEN);
// the bootloader connects pins 0 and 1 to the USART; disconnect them
// here so they can be used as normal digital i/o; they will be
// reconnected in Serial.begin()
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega8__)
UCSRB = 0;
#else
UCSR0B = 0;
#endif
}

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/*
wiring.h - Partial implementation of the Wiring API for the ATmega8.
Part of Arduino - http://www.arduino.cc/
Copyright (c) 2005-2006 David A. Mellis
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General
Public License along with this library; if not, write to the
Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330,
Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
$Id: wiring.h 804 2009-12-18 16:05:52Z dmellis $
*/
#ifndef Wiring_h
#define Wiring_h
#include <avr/io.h>
#include "binary.h"
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C"{
#endif
#define HIGH 0x1
#define LOW 0x0
#define INPUT 0x0
#define OUTPUT 0x1
#define true 0x1
#define false 0x0
#define PI 3.1415926535897932384626433832795
#define HALF_PI 1.5707963267948966192313216916398
#define TWO_PI 6.283185307179586476925286766559
#define DEG_TO_RAD 0.017453292519943295769236907684886
#define RAD_TO_DEG 57.295779513082320876798154814105
#define SERIAL 0x0
#define DISPLAY 0x1
#define LSBFIRST 0
#define MSBFIRST 1
#define CHANGE 1
#define FALLING 2
#define RISING 3
#define INTERNAL 3
#define DEFAULT 1
#define EXTERNAL 0
// undefine stdlib's abs if encountered
#ifdef abs
#undef abs
#endif
#define min(a,b) ((a)<(b)?(a):(b))
#define max(a,b) ((a)>(b)?(a):(b))
#define abs(x) ((x)>0?(x):-(x))
#define constrain(amt,low,high) ((amt)<(low)?(low):((amt)>(high)?(high):(amt)))
#define round(x) ((x)>=0?(long)((x)+0.5):(long)((x)-0.5))
#define radians(deg) ((deg)*DEG_TO_RAD)
#define degrees(rad) ((rad)*RAD_TO_DEG)
#define sq(x) ((x)*(x))
#define interrupts() sei()
#define noInterrupts() cli()
#define clockCyclesPerMicrosecond() ( F_CPU / 1000000L )
#define clockCyclesToMicroseconds(a) ( (a) / clockCyclesPerMicrosecond() )
#define microsecondsToClockCycles(a) ( (a) * clockCyclesPerMicrosecond() )
#define lowByte(w) ((uint8_t) ((w) & 0xff))
#define highByte(w) ((uint8_t) ((w) >> 8))
#define bitRead(value, bit) (((value) >> (bit)) & 0x01)
#define bitSet(value, bit) ((value) |= (1UL << (bit)))
#define bitClear(value, bit) ((value) &= ~(1UL << (bit)))
#define bitWrite(value, bit, bitvalue) (bitvalue ? bitSet(value, bit) : bitClear(value, bit))
typedef unsigned int word;
#define bit(b) (1UL << (b))
typedef uint8_t boolean;
typedef uint8_t byte;
void init(void);
void pinMode(uint8_t, uint8_t);
void digitalWrite(uint8_t, uint8_t);
int digitalRead(uint8_t);
int analogRead(uint8_t);
void analogReference(uint8_t mode);
void analogWrite(uint8_t, int);
void beginSerial(long);
void serialWrite(unsigned char);
int serialAvailable(void);
int serialRead(void);
void serialFlush(void);
unsigned long millis(void);
unsigned long micros(void);
void delay(unsigned long);
void delayMicroseconds(unsigned int us);
unsigned long pulseIn(uint8_t pin, uint8_t state, unsigned long timeout);
void shiftOut(uint8_t dataPin, uint8_t clockPin, uint8_t bitOrder, byte val);
void attachInterrupt(uint8_t, void (*)(void), int mode);
void detachInterrupt(uint8_t);
void setup(void);
void loop(void);
#ifdef __cplusplus
} // extern "C"
#endif
#endif

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arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino/wiring_analog.c
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/*
wiring_analog.c - analog input and output
Part of Arduino - http://www.arduino.cc/
Copyright (c) 2005-2006 David A. Mellis
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General
Public License along with this library; if not, write to the
Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330,
Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
$Id: wiring.c 248 2007-02-03 15:36:30Z mellis $
*/
#include "wiring_private.h"
#include "pins_arduino.h"
uint8_t analog_reference = DEFAULT;
void analogReference(uint8_t mode)
{
// can't actually set the register here because the default setting
// will connect AVCC and the AREF pin, which would cause a short if
// there's something connected to AREF.
analog_reference = mode;
}
int analogRead(uint8_t pin)
{
uint8_t low, high;
// set the analog reference (high two bits of ADMUX) and select the
// channel (low 4 bits). this also sets ADLAR (left-adjust result)
// to 0 (the default).
ADMUX = (analog_reference << 6) | (pin & 0x07);
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega1280__)
// the MUX5 bit of ADCSRB selects whether we're reading from channels
// 0 to 7 (MUX5 low) or 8 to 15 (MUX5 high).
ADCSRB = (ADCSRB & ~(1 << MUX5)) | (((pin >> 3) & 0x01) << MUX5);
#endif
// without a delay, we seem to read from the wrong channel
//delay(1);
// start the conversion
sbi(ADCSRA, ADSC);
// ADSC is cleared when the conversion finishes
while (bit_is_set(ADCSRA, ADSC));
// we have to read ADCL first; doing so locks both ADCL
// and ADCH until ADCH is read. reading ADCL second would
// cause the results of each conversion to be discarded,
// as ADCL and ADCH would be locked when it completed.
low = ADCL;
high = ADCH;
// combine the two bytes
return (high << 8) | low;
}
// Right now, PWM output only works on the pins with
// hardware support. These are defined in the appropriate
// pins_*.c file. For the rest of the pins, we default
// to digital output.
void analogWrite(uint8_t pin, int val)
{
// We need to make sure the PWM output is enabled for those pins
// that support it, as we turn it off when digitally reading or
// writing with them. Also, make sure the pin is in output mode
// for consistenty with Wiring, which doesn't require a pinMode
// call for the analog output pins.
pinMode(pin, OUTPUT);
if (digitalPinToTimer(pin) == TIMER1A) {
// connect pwm to pin on timer 1, channel A
sbi(TCCR1A, COM1A1);
// set pwm duty
OCR1A = val;
} else if (digitalPinToTimer(pin) == TIMER1B) {
// connect pwm to pin on timer 1, channel B
sbi(TCCR1A, COM1B1);
// set pwm duty
OCR1B = val;
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega8__)
} else if (digitalPinToTimer(pin) == TIMER2) {
// connect pwm to pin on timer 2, channel B
sbi(TCCR2, COM21);
// set pwm duty
OCR2 = val;
#else
} else if (digitalPinToTimer(pin) == TIMER0A) {
if (val == 0) {
digitalWrite(pin, LOW);
} else {
// connect pwm to pin on timer 0, channel A
sbi(TCCR0A, COM0A1);
// set pwm duty
OCR0A = val;
}
} else if (digitalPinToTimer(pin) == TIMER0B) {
if (val == 0) {
digitalWrite(pin, LOW);
} else {
// connect pwm to pin on timer 0, channel B
sbi(TCCR0A, COM0B1);
// set pwm duty
OCR0B = val;
}
} else if (digitalPinToTimer(pin) == TIMER2A) {
// connect pwm to pin on timer 2, channel A
sbi(TCCR2A, COM2A1);
// set pwm duty
OCR2A = val;
} else if (digitalPinToTimer(pin) == TIMER2B) {
// connect pwm to pin on timer 2, channel B
sbi(TCCR2A, COM2B1);
// set pwm duty
OCR2B = val;
#endif
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega1280__)
// XXX: need to handle other timers here
} else if (digitalPinToTimer(pin) == TIMER3A) {
// connect pwm to pin on timer 3, channel A
sbi(TCCR3A, COM3A1);
// set pwm duty
OCR3A = val;
} else if (digitalPinToTimer(pin) == TIMER3B) {
// connect pwm to pin on timer 3, channel B
sbi(TCCR3A, COM3B1);
// set pwm duty
OCR3B = val;
} else if (digitalPinToTimer(pin) == TIMER3C) {
// connect pwm to pin on timer 3, channel C
sbi(TCCR3A, COM3C1);
// set pwm duty
OCR3C = val;
} else if (digitalPinToTimer(pin) == TIMER4A) {
// connect pwm to pin on timer 4, channel A
sbi(TCCR4A, COM4A1);
// set pwm duty
OCR4A = val;
} else if (digitalPinToTimer(pin) == TIMER4B) {
// connect pwm to pin on timer 4, channel B
sbi(TCCR4A, COM4B1);
// set pwm duty
OCR4B = val;
} else if (digitalPinToTimer(pin) == TIMER4C) {
// connect pwm to pin on timer 4, channel C
sbi(TCCR4A, COM4C1);
// set pwm duty
OCR4C = val;
} else if (digitalPinToTimer(pin) == TIMER5A) {
// connect pwm to pin on timer 5, channel A
sbi(TCCR5A, COM5A1);
// set pwm duty
OCR5A = val;
} else if (digitalPinToTimer(pin) == TIMER5B) {
// connect pwm to pin on timer 5, channel B
sbi(TCCR5A, COM5B1);
// set pwm duty
OCR5B = val;
#endif
} else if (val < 128)
digitalWrite(pin, LOW);
else
digitalWrite(pin, HIGH);
}

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arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino/wiring_digital.c
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/*
wiring_digital.c - digital input and output functions
Part of Arduino - http://www.arduino.cc/
Copyright (c) 2005-2006 David A. Mellis
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General
Public License along with this library; if not, write to the
Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330,
Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
$Id: wiring.c 248 2007-02-03 15:36:30Z mellis $
*/
#include "wiring_private.h"
#include "pins_arduino.h"
void pinMode(uint8_t pin, uint8_t mode)
{
uint8_t bit = digitalPinToBitMask(pin);
uint8_t port = digitalPinToPort(pin);
volatile uint8_t *reg;
if (port == NOT_A_PIN) return;
// JWS: can I let the optimizer do this?
reg = portModeRegister(port);
if (mode == INPUT) *reg &= ~bit;
else *reg |= bit;
}
// Forcing this inline keeps the callers from having to push their own stuff
// on the stack. It is a good performance win and only takes 1 more byte per
// user than calling. (It will take more bytes on the 168.)
//
// But shouldn't this be moved into pinMode? Seems silly to check and do on
// each digitalread or write.
//
static inline void turnOffPWM(uint8_t timer) __attribute__ ((always_inline));
static inline void turnOffPWM(uint8_t timer)
{
if (timer == TIMER1A) cbi(TCCR1A, COM1A1);
if (timer == TIMER1B) cbi(TCCR1A, COM1B1);
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega8__)
if (timer == TIMER2) cbi(TCCR2, COM21);
#else
if (timer == TIMER0A) cbi(TCCR0A, COM0A1);
if (timer == TIMER0B) cbi(TCCR0A, COM0B1);
if (timer == TIMER2A) cbi(TCCR2A, COM2A1);
if (timer == TIMER2B) cbi(TCCR2A, COM2B1);
#endif
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega1280__)
if (timer == TIMER3A) cbi(TCCR3A, COM3A1);
if (timer == TIMER3B) cbi(TCCR3A, COM3B1);
if (timer == TIMER3C) cbi(TCCR3A, COM3C1);
if (timer == TIMER4A) cbi(TCCR4A, COM4A1);
if (timer == TIMER4B) cbi(TCCR4A, COM4B1);
if (timer == TIMER4C) cbi(TCCR4A, COM4C1);
if (timer == TIMER5A) cbi(TCCR5A, COM5A1);
if (timer == TIMER5B) cbi(TCCR5A, COM5B1);
if (timer == TIMER5C) cbi(TCCR5A, COM5C1);
#endif
}
void digitalWrite(uint8_t pin, uint8_t val)
{
uint8_t timer = digitalPinToTimer(pin);
uint8_t bit = digitalPinToBitMask(pin);
uint8_t port = digitalPinToPort(pin);
volatile uint8_t *out;
if (port == NOT_A_PIN) return;
// If the pin that support PWM output, we need to turn it off
// before doing a digital write.
if (timer != NOT_ON_TIMER) turnOffPWM(timer);
out = portOutputRegister(port);
if (val == LOW) *out &= ~bit;
else *out |= bit;
}
int digitalRead(uint8_t pin)
{
uint8_t timer = digitalPinToTimer(pin);
uint8_t bit = digitalPinToBitMask(pin);
uint8_t port = digitalPinToPort(pin);
if (port == NOT_A_PIN) return LOW;
// If the pin that support PWM output, we need to turn it off
// before getting a digital reading.
if (timer != NOT_ON_TIMER) turnOffPWM(timer);
if (*portInputRegister(port) & bit) return HIGH;
return LOW;
}

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arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino/wiring_private.h
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/*
wiring_private.h - Internal header file.
Part of Arduino - http://www.arduino.cc/
Copyright (c) 2005-2006 David A. Mellis
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General
Public License along with this library; if not, write to the
Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330,
Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
$Id: wiring.h 239 2007-01-12 17:58:39Z mellis $
*/
#ifndef WiringPrivate_h
#define WiringPrivate_h
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
#include <avr/delay.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include "wiring.h"
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C"{
#endif
#ifndef cbi
#define cbi(sfr, bit) (_SFR_BYTE(sfr) &= ~_BV(bit))
#endif
#ifndef sbi
#define sbi(sfr, bit) (_SFR_BYTE(sfr) |= _BV(bit))
#endif
#define EXTERNAL_INT_0 0
#define EXTERNAL_INT_1 1
#define EXTERNAL_INT_2 2
#define EXTERNAL_INT_3 3
#define EXTERNAL_INT_4 4
#define EXTERNAL_INT_5 5
#define EXTERNAL_INT_6 6
#define EXTERNAL_INT_7 7
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega1280__)
#define EXTERNAL_NUM_INTERRUPTS 8
#else
#define EXTERNAL_NUM_INTERRUPTS 2
#endif
typedef void (*voidFuncPtr)(void);
#ifdef __cplusplus
} // extern "C"
#endif
#endif

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arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino/wiring_pulse.c
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/*
wiring_pulse.c - pulseIn() function
Part of Arduino - http://www.arduino.cc/
Copyright (c) 2005-2006 David A. Mellis
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General
Public License along with this library; if not, write to the
Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330,
Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
$Id: wiring.c 248 2007-02-03 15:36:30Z mellis $
*/
#include "wiring_private.h"
#include "pins_arduino.h"
/* Measures the length (in microseconds) of a pulse on the pin; state is HIGH
* or LOW, the type of pulse to measure. Works on pulses from 2-3 microseconds
* to 3 minutes in length, but must be called at least a few dozen microseconds
* before the start of the pulse. */
unsigned long pulseIn(uint8_t pin, uint8_t state, unsigned long timeout)
{
// cache the port and bit of the pin in order to speed up the
// pulse width measuring loop and achieve finer resolution. calling
// digitalRead() instead yields much coarser resolution.
uint8_t bit = digitalPinToBitMask(pin);
uint8_t port = digitalPinToPort(pin);
uint8_t stateMask = (state ? bit : 0);
unsigned long width = 0; // keep initialization out of time critical area
// convert the timeout from microseconds to a number of times through
// the initial loop; it takes 16 clock cycles per iteration.
unsigned long numloops = 0;
unsigned long maxloops = microsecondsToClockCycles(timeout) / 16;
// wait for any previous pulse to end
while ((*portInputRegister(port) & bit) == stateMask)
if (numloops++ == maxloops)
return 0;
// wait for the pulse to start
while ((*portInputRegister(port) & bit) != stateMask)
if (numloops++ == maxloops)
return 0;
// wait for the pulse to stop
while ((*portInputRegister(port) & bit) == stateMask)
width++;
// convert the reading to microseconds. The loop has been determined
// to be 10 clock cycles long and have about 16 clocks between the edge
// and the start of the loop. There will be some error introduced by
// the interrupt handlers.
return clockCyclesToMicroseconds(width * 10 + 16);
}

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arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino/wiring_shift.c
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/*
wiring_shift.c - shiftOut() function
Part of Arduino - http://www.arduino.cc/
Copyright (c) 2005-2006 David A. Mellis
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General
Public License along with this library; if not, write to the
Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330,
Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
$Id: wiring.c 248 2007-02-03 15:36:30Z mellis $
*/
#include "wiring_private.h"
void shiftOut(uint8_t dataPin, uint8_t clockPin, uint8_t bitOrder, byte val)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
if (bitOrder == LSBFIRST)
digitalWrite(dataPin, !!(val & (1 << i)));
else
digitalWrite(dataPin, !!(val & (1 << (7 - i))));
digitalWrite(clockPin, HIGH);
digitalWrite(clockPin, LOW);
}
}

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arduino-0018-linux/hardware/arduino/programmers.txt
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avrisp.name=AVR ISP
avrisp.communication=serial
avrisp.protocol=stk500v1
avrispmkii.name=AVRISP mkII
avrispmkii.communication=usb
avrispmkii.protocol=stk500v2
usbtinyisp.name=USBtinyISP
usbtinyisp.protocol=usbtiny
parallel.name=Parallel Programmer
parallel.protocol=dapa
parallel.force=true
# parallel.delay=200
arduinoisp.name=Arduino as ISP
arduinoisp.communication=serial
arduinoisp.protocol=stk500v1
arduinoisp.speed=19200

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arduino-0018-linux/lib/keywords.txt
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# LITERAL1 specifies constants
HIGH LITERAL1 Constants
LOW LITERAL1 Constants
INPUT LITERAL1 Constants
OUTPUT LITERAL1 Constants
DEC LITERAL1 Serial_Print
BIN LITERAL1 Serial_Print
HEX LITERAL1 Serial_Print
OCT LITERAL1 Serial_Print
BYTE LITERAL1 Serial_Print
PI LITERAL1
HALF_PI LITERAL1
TWO_PI LITERAL1
LSBFIRST LITERAL1 ShiftOut
MSBFIRST LITERAL1 ShiftOut
CHANGE LITERAL1 AttachInterrupt
FALLING LITERAL1 AttachInterrupt
RISING LITERAL1 AttachInterrupt
DEFAULT LITERAL1 AnalogReference
EXTERNAL LITERAL1 AnalogReference
INTERAL LITERAL1 AnalogReference
# KEYWORD1 specifies datatypes and C/C++ keywords
boolean KEYWORD1 BooleanVariables
break KEYWORD1 Break
byte KEYWORD1 Byte
case KEYWORD1 SwitchCase
char KEYWORD1 Char
class KEYWORD1
continue KEYWORD1 Continue
default KEYWORD1 SwitchCase
do KEYWORD1 DoWhile
double KEYWORD1 Double
else KEYWORD1 Else
false KEYWORD1 Constants
float KEYWORD1 Float
for KEYWORD1 For
if KEYWORD1 If
int KEYWORD1 Int
long KEYWORD1 Long
new KEYWORD1
null KEYWORD1
private KEYWORD1
protected KEYWORD1
public KEYWORD1
return KEYWORD1 Return
short KEYWORD1
signed KEYWORD1
static KEYWORD1 Static
switch KEYWORD1 SwitchCase
this KEYWORD1
throw KEYWORD1
try KEYWORD1
true KEYWORD1
unsigned KEYWORD1
void KEYWORD1 Void
while KEYWORD1 While
word KEYWORD1 Word
# operators aren't highlighted, but may have documentation
+= IncrementCompound
+ Arithmetic
[] arrayaccess
= assign
& BitwiseAnd
| BitwiseAnd
,
// Comments
?:
{} Braces
-- Increment
/ Arithmetic
/* Comments
. dot
==
< greaterthan
<= greaterthanorequalto
++ Increment
!= inequality
<< Bitshift
< lessthan
<= lessthanorequalto
&& Boolean
! Boolean
|| Boolean
- Arithmetic
% Modulo
* Arithmetic
() parentheses
>> Bitshift
; SemiColon
-= IncrementCompound
# these are datatypes, but we've also defined functions to cast to them
boolean KEYWORD2 boolean_
byte KEYWORD2 byte_
char KEYWORD2 char_
float KEYWORD2 float_
int KEYWORD2 int_
long KEYWORD2 long_
word KEYWORD2 word_
# KEYWORD2 specifies methods and functions
abs KEYWORD2 Abs
acos KEYWORD2 ACos
asin KEYWORD2 ASin
atan KEYWORD2 ATan
atan2 KEYWORD2 ATan2
ceil KEYWORD2 Ceil
constrain KEYWORD2 Constrain
cos KEYWORD2 Cos
degrees KEYWORD2
exp KEYWORD2 Exp
floor KEYWORD2 Floor
log KEYWORD2 Log
map KEYWORD2 Map
max KEYWORD2 Max
min KEYWORD2 Min
radians KEYWORD2
random KEYWORD2 Random
randomSeed KEYWORD2 RandomSeed
round KEYWORD2
sin KEYWORD2 Sin
sq KEYWORD2 Sq
sqrt KEYWORD2 Sqrt
tan KEYWORD2 Tan
bitRead KEYWORD2 BitRead
bitWrite KEYWORD2 BitWrite
bitSet KEYWORD2 BitSet
bitClear KEYWORD2 BitClear
bit KEYWORD2 Bit
highByte KEYWORD2 HighByte
lowByte KEYWORD2 LowByte
analogReference KEYWORD2 AnalogReference
analogRead KEYWORD2 AnalogRead
analogWrite KEYWORD2 AnalogWrite
attachInterrupt KEYWORD2 AttachInterrupt
detachInterrupt KEYWORD2 DetachInterrupt
delay KEYWORD2 Delay
delayMicroseconds KEYWORD2 DelayMicroseconds
digitalWrite KEYWORD2 DigitalWrite
digitalRead KEYWORD2 DigitalRead
interrupts KEYWORD2
millis KEYWORD2 Millis
micros KEYWORD2 Micros
noInterrupts KEYWORD2 NoInterrupts
noTone KEYWORD2 NoTone
pinMode KEYWORD2 PinMode
pulseIn KEYWORD2 PulseIn
shiftOut KEYWORD2 ShiftOut
tone KEYWORD2 Tone
Serial KEYWORD3 Serial
Serial1 KEYWORD3 Serial
Serial2 KEYWORD3 Serial
Serial3 KEYWORD3 Serial
begin KEYWORD2 Serial_Begin
end KEYWORD2 Serial_End
read KEYWORD2 Serial_Read
print KEYWORD2 Serial_Print
println KEYWORD2 Serial_Println
available KEYWORD2 Serial_Available
flush KEYWORD2 Serial_Flush
setup KEYWORD3 Setup
loop KEYWORD3 Loop

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# !!!!!!!! UNLIKE PREVIOUS VERSIONS OF PROCESSING !!!!!!!!!!
# DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE, OR DELETE SETTINGS FROM THIS FILE
# These are the default preferences. If you want to modify
# them directly, use the per-user local version of the file:
# Documents and Settings -> [username] -> Application Data ->
# Processing -> preferences.txt (on Windows XP)
# Users -> [username] -> AppData -> Roaming ->
# Processing -> preferences.txt (on Windows Vista)
# ~/Library -> Processing -> preferences.txt (on Mac OS X)
# ~/.processing -> preferences.txt (on Linux)
# The exact location of your preferences file can be found at
# the bottom of the Preferences window inside Processing.
# Because AppData and Application Data may be considered
# hidden or system folders on Windows, you'll have to ensure
# that they're visible in order to get at preferences.txt
# You'll have problems running Processing if you incorrectly
# modify lines in this file.
# !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
# DEFAULT PATHS FOR SKETCHBOOK AND SETTINGS
# relative paths will be relative to processing.exe or procesing.app.
# absolute paths may also be used.
# note that this path should use forward slashes (like unix)
# instead of \ on windows or : on macos or whatever else
# If you don't want users to have their sketchbook default to
# "My Documents/Processing" on Windows and "Documents/Processing" on OS X,
# set this to another path that will be used by default.
# Note that this path must exist already otherwise it won't see
# the sketchbook folder, and will instead assume the sketchbook
# has gone missing, and that it should instead use the default.
#sketchbook.path=
# if you don't want settings to go into "application data" on windows
# and "library" on macosx, set this to the alternate location.
#settings.path=data
# temporary build path, normally this goes into the default
# "temp" folder for that platform (as defined by java)
# but this can be used to set a specific file in case of problems
#build.path=build
# By default, no sketches currently open
last.sketch.count=0
# !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
# by default, check the processing server for any updates
# (please avoid disabling, this also helps us know basic numbers
# on how many people are using Processing)
update.check = true
# on windows, automatically associate .pde files with processing.exe
platform.auto_file_type_associations = true
# !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
# default size for the main window
default.window.width = 500
default.window.height = 600
# font size for editor
editor.font=Monospaced,plain,12
# Monaco is nicer on Mac OS X, so use that explicitly
editor.font.macosx = Monaco,plain,10
# anti-aliased text, turned off by default
editor.antialias=false
# color to be used for background when 'external editor' enabled
editor.external=false
# caret blinking
editor.caret.blink=true
# area that's not in use by the text (replaced with tildes)
editor.invalid=false
console = true
console.output.file = stdout.txt
console.error.file = stderr.txt
console.lines = 4
# set to false to disable automatically clearing the console
# each time 'run' is hit
console.auto_clear = true
# set the maximum number of lines remembered by the console
# the default is 500, lengthen at your own peril
console.length = 500
# convert tabs to spaces? how many spaces?
editor.tabs.expand = true
editor.tabs.size = 2
# automatically indent each line
editor.indent = true
# size of divider between editing area and the console
editor.divider.size = 0
# the larger divider on windows is ugly with the little arrows
# this makes it large enough to see (mouse changes) and use,
# but keeps it from being annoyingly obtrusive
editor.divider.size.windows = 2
# any additional java options when running externally
# (for applets that are run external to the environment...
# those with a code folder, or using any libraries)
# if you hose this and can't run things, it's your own durn fault
run.options =
# settings for the -XmsNNNm and -XmxNNNm command line option
run.options.memory = false
run.options.memory.initial = 64
run.options.memory.maximum = 256
# example of increasing the memory size for applets run externally
#run.options = -Xms128m -Xmx1024m
# index of the default display to use for present mode
# (this setting not yet completely implemented)
run.display = 1
# set internally
#run.window.bgcolor=
# set to false to open a new untitled window when closing the last window
# (otherwise, the environment will quit)
# default to the relative norm for the different platforms,
# but the setting can be changed in the prefs dialog anyway
#sketchbook.closing_last_window_quits = true
#sketchbook.closing_last_window_quits.macosx = false
# !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
#history.recording = true
# for advanced users, enable option to export a library
#export.library = false
# which platforms to export by default
export.application.platform.windows = true
export.application.platform.macosx = true
export.application.platform.linux = true
# whether or not to export as full screen (present) mode
export.application.fullscreen = false
# whether to show the stop button when exporting to application
export.application.stop = true
# false will place all exported files into a single .jar
export.applet.separate_jar_files = false
# set to false to no longer delete applet or application folders before export
export.delete_target_folder = true
# may be useful when attempting to debug the preprocessor
preproc.save_build_files=false
# allows various preprocessor features to be toggled
# in case they are causing problems
# preprocessor: pde.g
preproc.color_datatype = true
preproc.web_colors = true
preproc.enhanced_casting = true
# preprocessor: PdeEmitter.java
preproc.substitute_floats = true
#preproc.substitute_image = false
#preproc.substitute_font = false
# auto-convert non-ascii chars to unicode escape sequences
preproc.substitute_unicode = true
# PdePreproc.java
# writes out the parse tree as parseTree.xml, which can be usefully
# viewed in (at least) Mozilla or IE. useful when debugging the preprocessor.
preproc.output_parse_tree = false
# imports to use by default (changed for 0149, some imports removed)
preproc.imports = java.applet,java.awt,java.awt.image,java.awt.event,java.io,java.net,java.text,java.util,java.util.zip,java.util.regex
# set the browser to be used on linux
browser.linux = mozilla
# set to the program to be used for launching apps on linux
#launcher.linux = gnome-open
# FULL SCREEN (PRESENT MODE)
run.present.bgcolor = #666666
run.present.stop.color = #cccccc
# starting in release 0159, don't use full screen exclusive anymore
run.present.exclusive = false
# use this by default to hide the menu bar and dock on osx
run.present.exclusive.macosx = true
# ARDUINO PREFERENCES
board = atmega328
target = arduino
upload.using = bootloader
serial.port=COM1
serial.databits=8
serial.stopbits=1
serial.parity=N
serial.debug_rate=9600

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