junk
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/*
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* speaker_pcm
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*
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* Plays 8-bit PCM audio on pin 11 using pulse-width modulation (PWM).
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* For Arduino with Atmega168 at 16 MHz.
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*
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* Uses two timers. The first changes the sample value 8000 times a second.
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* The second holds pin 11 high for 0-255 ticks out of a 256-tick cycle,
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* depending on sample value. The second timer repeats 62500 times per second
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* (16000000 / 256), much faster than the playback rate (8000 Hz), so
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* it almost sounds halfway decent, just really quiet on a PC speaker.
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*
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* Takes over Timer 1 (16-bit) for the 8000 Hz timer. This breaks PWM
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* (analogWrite()) for Arduino pins 9 and 10. Takes Timer 2 (8-bit)
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* for the pulse width modulation, breaking PWM for pins 11 & 3.
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*
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* References:
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* http://www.uchobby.com/index.php/2007/11/11/arduino-sound-part-1/
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* http://www.atmel.com/dyn/resources/prod_documents/doc2542.pdf
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* http://www.evilmadscientist.com/article.php/avrdac
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* http://gonium.net/md/2006/12/27/i-will-think-before-i-code/
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* http://fly.cc.fer.hr/GDM/articles/sndmus/speaker2.html
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* http://www.gamedev.net/reference/articles/article442.asp
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*
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* Michael Smith <michael@hurts.ca>
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*/
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#include <stdint.h>
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#include <avr/interrupt.h>
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#include <avr/io.h>
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#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
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#include <avr/delay.h>
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#define SAMPLE_RATE 8000
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/*
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* The audio data needs to be unsigned, 8-bit, 8000 Hz, and small enough
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* to fit in flash. 10000-13000 samples is about the limit.
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*
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* sounddata.h should look like this:
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* const int sounddata_length=10000;
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* const unsigned char sounddata_data[] PROGMEM = { ..... };
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*
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* You can use wav2c from GBA CSS:
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* http://thieumsweb.free.fr/english/gbacss.html
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* Then add "PROGMEM" in the right place. I hacked it up to dump the samples
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* as unsigned rather than signed, but it shouldn't matter.
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*
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* http://musicthing.blogspot.com/2005/05/tiny-music-makers-pt-4-mac-startup.html
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* mplayer -ao pcm macstartup.mp3
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* sox audiodump.wav -v 1.32 -c 1 -r 8000 -u -1 macstartup-8000.wav
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* sox macstartup-8000.wav macstartup-cut.wav trim 0 10000s
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* wav2c macstartup-cut.wav sounddata.h sounddata
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*
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* (starfox) nb. under sox 12.18 (distributed in CentOS 5), i needed to run
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* the following command to convert my wav file to the appropriate format:
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* sox audiodump.wav -c 1 -r 8000 -u -b macstartup-8000.wav
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*/
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int ledPin = 13;
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int speakerPin = 11;
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volatile uint16_t sample1;
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volatile uint16_t sample2;
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byte lastSample;
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prog_uint8_t sintab[] = {
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0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x02,0x03,0x05,0x07,
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0x09,0x0c,0x0f,0x12,0x15,0x19,0x1c,0x21,
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0x25,0x29,0x2e,0x33,0x38,0x3d,0x43,0x48,
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0x4e,0x54,0x5a,0x60,0x66,0x6c,0x73,0x79,
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0x7f,0x85,0x8b,0x92,0x98,0x9e,0xa4,0xaa,
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0xb0,0xb6,0xbb,0xc1,0xc6,0xcb,0xd0,0xd5,
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0xd9,0xdd,0xe2,0xe5,0xe9,0xec,0xef,0xf2,
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0xf5,0xf7,0xf9,0xfb,0xfc,0xfd,0xfe,0xfe,
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0xfe,0xfe,0xfe,0xfd,0xfc,0xfb,0xf9,0xf7,
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0xf5,0xf2,0xef,0xec,0xe9,0xe5,0xe2,0xdd,
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0xd9,0xd5,0xd0,0xcb,0xc6,0xc1,0xbb,0xb6,
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0xb0,0xaa,0xa4,0x9e,0x98,0x92,0x8b,0x85,
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0x7f,0x79,0x73,0x6c,0x66,0x60,0x5a,0x54,
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0x4e,0x48,0x43,0x3d,0x38,0x33,0x2e,0x29,
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0x25,0x21,0x1c,0x19,0x15,0x12,0x0f,0x0c,
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0x09,0x07,0x05,0x03,0x02,0x01,0x01,0x01
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};
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volatile uint16_t tone1_h;
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volatile uint16_t tone2_h;
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// This is called at 8000 Hz to load the next sample.
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ISR(TIMER1_COMPA_vect) {
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OCR2A = (pgm_read_byte(&sintab[sample1 / 512]) +
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pgm_read_byte(&sintab[sample2 / 512])) / 2;
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// OCR2A = pgm_read_byte(&sintab[sample1 / 512]);
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sample1 = (sample1 + tone1_h);
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sample2 = (sample2 + tone2_h);
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}
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void startPlayback()
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{
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pinMode(speakerPin, OUTPUT);
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// Set up Timer 2 to do pulse width modulation on the speaker
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// pin.
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// Use internal clock (datasheet p.160)
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ASSR &= ~(_BV(EXCLK) | _BV(AS2));
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// Set fast PWM mode (p.157)
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TCCR2A |= _BV(WGM21) | _BV(WGM20);
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TCCR2B &= ~_BV(WGM22);
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// Do non-inverting PWM on pin OC2A (p.155)
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// On the Arduino this is pin 11.
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TCCR2A = (TCCR2A | _BV(COM2A1)) & ~_BV(COM2A0);
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TCCR2A &= ~(_BV(COM2B1) | _BV(COM2B0));
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// No prescaler (p.158)
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TCCR2B = (TCCR2B & ~(_BV(CS12) | _BV(CS11))) | _BV(CS10);
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// Set initial pulse width to the first sample.
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OCR2A = 0;
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// Set up Timer 1 to send a sample every interrupt.
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cli();
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// Set CTC mode (Clear Timer on Compare Match) (p.133)
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// Have to set OCR1A *after*, otherwise it gets reset to 0!
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TCCR1B = (TCCR1B & ~_BV(WGM13)) | _BV(WGM12);
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TCCR1A = TCCR1A & ~(_BV(WGM11) | _BV(WGM10));
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// No prescaler (p.134)
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TCCR1B = (TCCR1B & ~(_BV(CS12) | _BV(CS11))) | _BV(CS10);
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// Set the compare register (OCR1A).
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// OCR1A is a 16-bit register, so we have to do this with
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// interrupts disabled to be safe.
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OCR1A = F_CPU / SAMPLE_RATE; // 16e6 / 8000 = 2000
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// Enable interrupt when TCNT1 == OCR1A (p.136)
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TIMSK1 |= _BV(OCIE1A);
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sei();
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}
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void stopPlayback()
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{
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// Disable playback per-sample interrupt.
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TIMSK1 &= ~_BV(OCIE1A);
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// Disable the per-sample timer completely.
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TCCR1B &= ~_BV(CS10);
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// Disable the PWM timer.
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TCCR2B &= ~_BV(CS10);
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digitalWrite(speakerPin, LOW);
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}
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void setup()
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{
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pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
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tone1_h = 10;
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tone2_h = 10;
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startPlayback();
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}
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void arpeggio(int32_t n1, int32_t n2, int32_t n3, int32_t len) {
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tone1_h = 16000/n1;
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tone2_h = 16000/n2;
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_delay_ms(50*len);
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}
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void loop()
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{
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for(;;) {
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arpeggio(261,329,130,7);
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arpeggio(329,392,130,4);
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arpeggio(329,392,130,6);
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arpeggio(329,392,123,6);
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arpeggio(261,329,110,7);
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arpeggio(329,392,110,4);
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arpeggio(493,392,110,4);
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arpeggio(523,440,110,4);
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arpeggio(440,349,110,6);
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arpeggio(293,246,146,7);
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arpeggio(329,261,146,4);
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arpeggio(349,293,146,6);
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arpeggio(293,246,146,6);
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arpeggio(246,196,99,7);
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arpeggio(261,220,99,4);
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arpeggio(293,246,99,6);
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arpeggio(246,196,99,6);
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arpeggio(261,329,130,7);
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arpeggio(329,392,130,4);
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arpeggio(329,392,130,6);
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arpeggio(329,392,123,6);
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arpeggio(262,329,110,7);
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arpeggio(329,392,110,4);
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arpeggio(493,392,110,4);
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arpeggio(523,440,110,4);
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arpeggio(440,349,110,6);
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arpeggio(293,246,146,7);
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arpeggio(329,261,146,4);
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arpeggio(349,293,146,6);
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arpeggio(246,196,99,6);
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arpeggio(261,329,110,6);
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arpeggio(261,329,110,6);
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arpeggio(261,329,110,6);
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arpeggio(246,196,99,6);
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arpeggio(174,220,82,6);
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arpeggio(174,220,82,6);
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arpeggio(174,220,82,6);
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arpeggio(246,196,99,6);
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arpeggio(261,329,110,6);
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arpeggio(261,329,110,6);
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arpeggio(261,329,110,6);
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arpeggio(261,329,110,6);
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arpeggio(261,329,110,6);
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arpeggio(261,329,110,6);
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arpeggio(261,329,110,6);
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_delay_ms(3000);
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}
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}
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