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arduino-0022

This commit is contained in:
Eve Entropia 2011-02-23 21:47:18 +01:00
parent 4f99742f03
commit a9ad0e80a0
803 changed files with 69785 additions and 33024 deletions

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/*
Character analysis operators
Examples using the character analysis operators.
Send any byte and the sketch will tell you about it.
created 29 Nov 2010
by Tom Igoe
This example code is in the public domain.
*/
void setup() {
// Open serial communications:
Serial.begin(9600);
// send an intro:
Serial.println("send any byte and I'll tell you everything I can about it");
Serial.println();
}
void loop() {
// get any incoming bytes:
if (Serial.available() > 0) {
int thisChar = Serial.read();
// say what was sent:
Serial.print("You sent me: \'");
Serial.write(thisChar);
Serial.print("\' ASCII Value: ");
Serial.println(thisChar);
// analyze what was sent:
if(isAlphaNumeric(thisChar)) {
Serial.println("it's alphanumeric");
}
if(isAlpha(thisChar)) {
Serial.println("it's alphabetic");
}
if(isAscii(thisChar)) {
Serial.println("it's ASCII");
}
if(isWhitespace(thisChar)) {
Serial.println("it's whitespace");
}
if(isControl(thisChar)) {
Serial.println("it's a control character");
}
if(isDigit(thisChar)) {
Serial.println("it's a numeric digit");
}
if(isGraph(thisChar)) {
Serial.println("it's a printable character that's not whitespace");
}
if(isLowerCase(thisChar)) {
Serial.println("it's lower case");
}
if(isPrintable(thisChar)) {
Serial.println("it's printable");
}
if(isPunct(thisChar)) {
Serial.println("it's punctuation");
}
if(isSpace(thisChar)) {
Serial.println("it's a space character");
}
if(isUpperCase(thisChar)) {
Serial.println("it's upper case");
}
if (isHexadecimalDigit(thisChar)) {
Serial.println("it's a valid hexadecimaldigit (i.e. 0 - 9, a - F, or A - F)");
}
// add some space and ask for another byte:
Serial.println();
Serial.println("Give me another byte:");
Serial.println();
}
}

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/*
Adding Strings together
Examples of how to add strings together
You can also add several different data types to string, as shown here:
created 27 July 2010
modified 4 Sep 2010
by Tom Igoe
http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/StringAdditionOperator
This example code is in the public domain.
*/
// declare three strings:
String stringOne, stringTwo, stringThree;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
stringOne = String("stringThree = ");
stringTwo = String("this string");
stringThree = String ();
Serial.println("\n\nAdding strings together (concatenation):");
}
void loop() {
// adding a constant integer to a string:
stringThree = stringOne + 123;
Serial.println(stringThree); // prints "stringThree = 123"
// adding a constant long interger to a string:
stringThree = stringOne + 123456789;
Serial.println(stringThree); // prints " You added 123456789"
// adding a constant character to a string:
stringThree = stringOne + 'A';
Serial.println(stringThree); // prints "You added A"
// adding a constant string to a string:
stringThree = stringOne + "abc";
Serial.println(stringThree); // prints "You added abc"
stringThree = stringOne + stringTwo;
Serial.println(stringThree); // prints "You added this string"
// adding a variable integer to a string:
int sensorValue = analogRead(A0);
stringOne = "Sensor value: ";
stringThree = stringOne + sensorValue;
Serial.println(stringThree); // prints "Sensor Value: 401" or whatever value analogRead(A0) has
// adding a variable long integer to a string:
long currentTime = millis();
stringOne="millis() value: ";
stringThree = stringOne + millis();
Serial.println(stringThree); // prints "The millis: 345345" or whatever value currentTime has
// do nothing while true:
while(true);
}

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/*
Appending to Strings using the += operator and concat()
Examples of how to append different data types to strings
created 27 July 2010
modified 4 Sep 2010
by Tom Igoe
http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/StringAppendOperator
This example code is in the public domain.
*/
String stringOne, stringTwo;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
stringOne = String("Sensor ");
stringTwo = String("value");
Serial.println("\n\nAppending to a string:");
}
void loop() {
Serial.println(stringOne); // prints "Sensor "
// adding a string to a string:
stringOne += stringTwo;
Serial.println(stringOne); // prints "Sensor value"
// adding a constant string to a string:
stringOne += " for input ";
Serial.println(stringOne); // prints "Sensor value for input"
// adding a constant character to a string:
stringOne += 'A';
Serial.println(stringOne); // prints "Sensor value for input A"
// adding a constant integer to a string:
stringOne += 0;
Serial.println(stringOne); // prints "Sensor value for input A0"
// adding a constant string to a string:
stringOne += ": ";
Serial.println(stringOne); // prints "Sensor value for input"
// adding a variable integer to a string:
stringOne += analogRead(A0);
Serial.println(stringOne); // prints "Sensor value for input A0: 456" or whatever analogRead(A0) is
Serial.println("\n\nchanging the Strings' values");
stringOne = "A long integer: ";
stringTwo = "The millis(): ";
// adding a constant long integer to a string:
stringOne += 123456789;
Serial.println(stringOne); // prints "A long integer: 123456789"
// using concat() to add a long variable to a string:
stringTwo.concat(millis());
Serial.println(stringTwo); // prints "The millis(): 43534" or whatever the value of the millis() is
// do nothing while true:
while(true);
}

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/*
String Case changes
Examples of how to change the case of a string
created 27 July 2010
by Tom Igoe
http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/StringCaseChanges
This example code is in the public domain.
*/
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("\n\nString case changes:");
}
void loop() {
// toUpperCase() changes all letters to upper case:
String stringOne = "<html><head><body>";
Serial.println(stringOne);
stringOne = (stringOne.toUpperCase());
Serial.println(stringOne);
// toLowerCase() changes all letters to lower case:
String stringTwo = "</BODY></HTML>";
Serial.println(stringTwo);
stringTwo = stringTwo.toLowerCase();
Serial.println(stringTwo);
// do nothing while true:
while(true);
}

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/*
String charAt() and setCharAt()
Examples of how to get and set characters of a String
created 27 July 2010
by Tom Igoe
http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/StringCharacters
This example code is in the public domain.
*/
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("\n\nString charAt() and setCharAt():");
}
void loop() {
// make a string to report a sensor reading:
String reportString = "SensorReading: 456";
Serial.println(reportString);
// the reading's most significant digit is at position 15 in the reportString:
String mostSignificantDigit = reportString.charAt(15);
Serial.println("Most significant digit of the sensor reading is: " + mostSignificantDigit);
// add blank space:
Serial.println();
// you can alo set the character of a string. Change the : to a = character
reportString.setCharAt(13, '=');
Serial.println(reportString);
// do nothing while true:
while(true);
}

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/*
Comparing Strings
Examples of how to compare strings using the comparison operators
created 27 July 2010
modified 4 Sep 2010
by Tom Igoe
http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/StringComparisonOperators
This example code is in the public domain.
*/
String stringOne, stringTwo;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
stringOne = String("this");
stringTwo = String("that");
Serial.println("\n\nComparing Strings:");
}
void loop() {
// two strings equal:
if (stringOne == "this") {
Serial.println("StringOne == \"this\"");
}
// two strings not equal:
if (stringOne != stringTwo) {
Serial.println(stringOne + " =! " + stringTwo);
}
// two strings not equal (case sensitivity matters):
stringOne = "This";
stringTwo = "this";
if (stringOne != stringTwo) {
Serial.println(stringOne + " =! " + stringTwo);
}
// you can also use equals() to see if two strings are the same:
if (stringOne.equals(stringTwo)) {
Serial.println(stringOne + " equals " + stringTwo);
}
else {
Serial.println(stringOne + " does not equal " + stringTwo);
}
// or perhaps you want to ignore case:
if (stringOne.equalsIgnoreCase(stringTwo)) {
Serial.println(stringOne + " equals (ignoring case) " + stringTwo);
}
else {
Serial.println(stringOne + " does not equal (ignoring case) " + stringTwo);
}
// a numeric string compared to the number it represents:
stringOne = "1";
int numberOne = 1;
if (stringOne == numberOne) {
Serial.println(stringOne + " = " + numberOne);
}
// two numeric strings compared:
stringOne = "2";
stringTwo = "1";
if (stringOne >= stringTwo) {
Serial.println(stringOne + " >= " + stringTwo);
}
// comparison operators can be used to compare strings for alphabetic sorting too:
stringOne = String("Brown");
if (stringOne < "Charles") {
Serial.println(stringOne + " < Charles");
}
if (stringOne > "Adams") {
Serial.println(stringOne + " > Adams");
}
if (stringOne <= "Browne") {
Serial.println(stringOne + " <= Browne");
}
if (stringOne >= "Brow") {
Serial.println(stringOne + " >= Brow");
}
// the compareTo() operator also allows you to compare strings
// it evaluates on the first character that's different.
// if the first character of the string you're comparing to
// comes first in alphanumeric order, then compareTo() is greater than 0:
stringOne = "Cucumber";
stringTwo = "Cucuracha";
if (stringOne.compareTo(stringTwo) < 0 ) {
Serial.println(stringOne + " comes before " + stringTwo);
}
else {
Serial.println(stringOne + " comes after " + stringTwo);
}
delay(10000); // because the next part is a loop:
// compareTo() is handy when you've got strings with numbers in them too:
while (true) {
stringOne = "Sensor: ";
stringTwo= "Sensor: ";
stringOne += analogRead(A0);
stringTwo += analogRead(A5);
if (stringOne.compareTo(stringTwo) < 0 ) {
Serial.println(stringOne + " comes before " + stringTwo);
}
else {
Serial.println(stringOne + " comes after " + stringTwo);
}
}
}

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/*
String constructors
Examples of how to create strings from other data types
created 27 July 2010
modified 4 Sep 2010
by Tom Igoe
http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/StringConstructors
This example code is in the public domain.
*/
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
// using a constant String:
String stringOne = "Hello String";
Serial.println(stringOne); // prints "Hello String"
// converting a constant char into a String:
stringOne = String('a');
Serial.println(stringOne); // prints "a"
// converting a constant string into a String object:
String stringTwo = String("This is a string");
Serial.println(stringTwo); // prints "This is a string"
// concatenating two strings:
stringOne = String(stringTwo + " with more");
// prints "This is a string with more":
Serial.println(stringOne);
// using a constant integer:
stringOne = String(13);
Serial.println(stringOne); // prints "13"
// using an int and a base:
stringOne = String(analogRead(A0), DEC);
// prints "453" or whatever the value of analogRead(A0) is
Serial.println(stringOne);
// using an int and a base (hexadecimal):
stringOne = String(45, HEX);
// prints "2d", which is the hexadecimal version of decimal 45:
Serial.println(stringOne);
// using an int and a base (binary)
stringOne = String(255, BIN);
// prints "11111111" which is the binary value of 255
Serial.println(stringOne);
// using a long and a base:
stringOne = String(millis(), DEC);
// prints "123456" or whatever the value of millis() is:
Serial.println(stringOne);
// do nothing while true:
while(true);
}

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/*
String indexOf() and lastIndexOf() functions
Examples of how to evaluate, look for, and replace characters in a String
created 27 July 2010
by Tom Igoe
http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/StringIndexOf
This example code is in the public domain.
*/
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("\n\nString indexOf() and lastIndexOf() functions:");
}
void loop() {
// indexOf() returns the position (i.e. index) of a particular character
// in a string. For example, if you were parsing HTML tags, you could use it:
String stringOne = "<HTML><HEAD><BODY>";
int firstClosingBracket = stringOne.indexOf('>');
Serial.println("The index of > in the string " + stringOne + " is " + firstClosingBracket);
stringOne = "<HTML><HEAD><BODY>";
int secondOpeningBracket = firstClosingBracket + 1;
int secondClosingBracket = stringOne.indexOf('>', secondOpeningBracket );
Serial.println("The index of the second > in the string " + stringOne + " is " + secondClosingBracket);
// you can also use indexOf() to search for Strings:
stringOne = "<HTML><HEAD><BODY>";
int bodyTag = stringOne.indexOf("<BODY>");
Serial.println("The index of the body tag in the string " + stringOne + " is " + bodyTag);
stringOne = "<UL><LI>item<LI>item<LI>item</UL>";
int firstListItem = stringOne.indexOf("<LI>");
int secondListItem = stringOne.indexOf("item", firstListItem + 1 );
Serial.println("The index of the second list item in the string " + stringOne + " is " + secondClosingBracket);
// lastIndexOf() gives you the last occurrence of a character or string:
int lastOpeningBracket = stringOne.lastIndexOf('<');
Serial.println("The index of the last < in the string " + stringOne + " is " + lastOpeningBracket);
int lastListItem = stringOne.lastIndexOf("<LI>");
Serial.println("The index of the last list item in the string " + stringOne + " is " + lastListItem);
// lastIndexOf() can also search for a string:
stringOne = "<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet</p><p>Ipsem</p><p>Quod</p>";
int lastParagraph = stringOne.lastIndexOf("<p");
int secondLastGraf = stringOne.lastIndexOf("<p", lastParagraph - 1);
Serial.println("The index of the second last paragraph tag " + stringOne + " is " + secondLastGraf);
// do nothing while true:
while(true);
}

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/*
String length()
Examples of how to use length() in a String.
Open the Serial Monitor and start sending characters to see the results.
created 1 Aug 2010
by Tom Igoe
http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/StringLengthTrim
This example code is in the public domain.
*/
String txtMsg = ""; // a string for incoming text
int lastStringLength = txtMsg.length(); // previous length of the String
void setup() {
// open the serial port:
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
// add any incoming characters to the String:
while (Serial.available() > 0) {
char inChar = Serial.read();
txtMsg += inChar;
}
// print the message and a notice if it's changed:
if (txtMsg.length() != lastStringLength) {
Serial.println(txtMsg);
Serial.println(txtMsg.length());
// if the String's longer than 140 characters, complain:
if (txtMsg.length() < 140) {
Serial.println("That's a perfectly acceptable text message");
}
else {
Serial.println("That's too long for a text message.");
}
// note the length for next time through the loop:
lastStringLength = txtMsg.length();
}
}

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/*
String length() and trim()
Examples of how to use length() and trim() in a String
created 27 July 2010
by Tom Igoe
http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/StringLengthTrim
This example code is in the public domain.
*/
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("\n\nString length() and trim():");
}
void loop() {
// here's a String with empty spaces at the end (called white space):
String stringOne = "Hello! ";
Serial.print(stringOne);
Serial.print("<--- end of string. Length: ");
Serial.println(stringOne.length());
// trim the white space off the string:
stringOne = stringOne.trim();
Serial.print(stringOne);
Serial.print("<--- end of trimmed string. Length: ");
Serial.println(stringOne.length());
// do nothing while true:
while(true);
}

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/*
String replace()
Examples of how to replace characters or substrings of a string
created 27 July 2010
by Tom Igoe
http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/StringReplace
This example code is in the public domain.
*/
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("\n\nString replace:");
}
void loop() {
String stringOne = "<html><head><body>";
Serial.println(stringOne);
// replace() changes all instances of one substring with another:
String stringTwo = stringOne.replace("<", "</");
Serial.println(stringTwo);
// you can also use replace() on single characters:
String normalString = "bookkeeper";
Serial.println("normal: " + normalString);
String leetString = normalString.replace('o', '0');
leetString = leetString.replace('e', '3');
Serial.println("l33tspeak: " + leetString);
// do nothing while true:
while(true);
}

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/*
String startWith() and endsWith()
Examples of how to use startsWith() and endsWith() in a String
created 27 July 2010
modified 4 Sep 2010
by Tom Igoe
http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/StringStartsWithEndsWith
This example code is in the public domain.
*/
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("\n\nString startsWith() and endsWith():");
}
void loop() {
// startsWith() checks to see if a String starts with a particular substring:
String stringOne = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK";
Serial.println(stringOne);
if (stringOne.startsWith("HTTP/1.1")) {
Serial.println("Server's using http version 1.1");
}
// you can also look for startsWith() at an offset position in the string:
stringOne = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK";
if (stringOne.startsWith("200 OK", 9)) {
Serial.println("Got an OK from the server");
}
// endsWith() checks to see if a String ends with a particular character:
String sensorReading = "sensor = ";
sensorReading += analogRead(A0);
Serial.print (sensorReading);
if (sensorReading.endsWith(0)) {
Serial.println(". This reading is divisible by ten");
}
else {
Serial.println(". This reading is not divisible by ten");
}
// do nothing while true:
while(true);
}

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/*
String substring()
Examples of how to use substring in a String
created 27 July 2010
by Tom Igoe
http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/StringSubstring
This example code is in the public domain.
*/
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("\n\nString substring():");
}
void loop() {
// Set up a String:
String stringOne = "Content-Type: text/html";
Serial.println(stringOne);
// substring(index) looks for the substring from the index position to the end:
if (stringOne.substring(19) == "html") {
Serial.println("It's an html file");
}
// you can also look for a substring in the middle of a string:
if (stringOne.substring(14,18) == "text") {
Serial.println("It's a text-based file");
}
// do nothing while true:
while(true);
}

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/*
String to Integer conversion
Reads a serial input string until it sees a newline, then converts
the string to a number if the characters are digits.
The circuit:
No external components needed.
created 29 Nov 2010
by Tom Igoe
This example code is in the public domain.
*/
String inString = ""; // string to hold input
void setup() {
// Initialize serial communications:
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
// Read serial input:
while (Serial.available() > 0) {
int inChar = Serial.read();
if (isDigit(inChar)) {
// convert the incoming byte to a char
// and add it to the string:
inString += (char)inChar;
}
// if you get a newline, print the string,
// then the string's value:
if (inChar == '\n') {
Serial.print("Value:");
Serial.println(inString.toInt());
Serial.print("String: ");
Serial.println(inString);
// clear the string for new input:
inString = "";
}
}
}

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/*
Serial RGB controller
Reads a serial input string looking for three comma-separated
integers with a newline at the end. Values should be between
0 and 255. The sketch uses those values to set the color
of an RGB LED attached to pins 9 - 11.
The circuit:
* Common-anode RGB LED cathodes attached to pins 9 - 11
* LED anode connected to pin 13
To turn on any given channel, set the pin LOW.
To turn off, set the pin HIGH. The higher the analogWrite level,
the lower the brightness.
created 29 Nov 2010
by Tom Igoe
This example code is in the public domain.
*/
String inString = ""; // string to hold input
int currentColor = 0;
int red, green, blue = 0;
void setup() {
// Initialize serial communications:
Serial.begin(9600);
// set LED cathode pins as outputs:
pinMode(9, OUTPUT);
pinMode(10, OUTPUT);
pinMode(11, OUTPUT);
// turn on pin 13 to power the LEDs:
pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
}
void loop() {
int inChar;
// Read serial input:
if (Serial.available() > 0) {
inChar = Serial.read();
}
if (isDigit(inChar)) {
// convert the incoming byte to a char
// and add it to the string:
inString += (char)inChar;
}
// if you get a comma, convert to a number,
// set the appropriate color, and increment
// the color counter:
if (inChar == ',') {
// do something different for each value of currentColor:
switch (currentColor) {
case 0: // 0 = red
red = inString.toInt();
// clear the string for new input:
inString = "";
break;
case 1: // 1 = green:
green = inString.toInt();
// clear the string for new input:
inString = "";
break;
}
currentColor++;
}
// if you get a newline, you know you've got
// the last color, i.e. blue:
if (inChar == '\n') {
blue = inString.toInt();
// set the levels of the LED.
// subtract value from 255 because a higher
// analogWrite level means a dimmer LED, since
// you're raising the level on the anode:
analogWrite(11, 255 - red);
analogWrite(9, 255 - green);
analogWrite(10, 255 - blue);
// print the colors:
Serial.print("Red: ");
Serial.print(red);
Serial.print(", Green: ");
Serial.print(green);
Serial.print(", Blue: ");
Serial.println(blue);
// clear the string for new input:
inString = "";
// reset the color counter:
currentColor = 0;
}
}
/*
Here's a Processing sketch that will draw a color wheel and send a serial
string with the color you click on:
// Subtractive Color Wheel with Serial
// Based on a Processing example by Ira Greenberg.
// Serial output added by Tom Igoe
//
// The primaries are red, yellow, and blue. The secondaries are green,
// purple, and orange. The tertiaries are yellow-orange, red-orange,
// red-purple, blue-purple, blue-green, and yellow-green.
//
// Create a shade or tint of the subtractive color wheel using
// SHADE or TINT parameters.
// Updated 29 November 2010.
import processing.serial.*;
int segs = 12;
int steps = 6;
float rotAdjust = TWO_PI / segs / 2;
float radius;
float segWidth;
float interval = TWO_PI / segs;
Serial myPort;
void setup() {
size(200, 200);
background(127);
smooth();
ellipseMode(RADIUS);
noStroke();
// make the diameter 90% of the sketch area
radius = min(width, height) * 0.45;
segWidth = radius / steps;
// swap which line is commented out to draw the other version
// drawTintWheel();
drawShadeWheel();
// open the first serial port in your computer's list
myPort = new Serial(this, Serial.list()[0], 9600);
}
void drawShadeWheel() {
for (int j = 0; j < steps; j++) {
color[] cols = {
color(255-(255/steps)*j, 255-(255/steps)*j, 0),
color(255-(255/steps)*j, (255/1.5)-((255/1.5)/steps)*j, 0),
color(255-(255/steps)*j, (255/2)-((255/2)/steps)*j, 0),
color(255-(255/steps)*j, (255/2.5)-((255/2.5)/steps)*j, 0),
color(255-(255/steps)*j, 0, 0),
color(255-(255/steps)*j, 0, (255/2)-((255/2)/steps)*j),
color(255-(255/steps)*j, 0, 255-(255/steps)*j),
color((255/2)-((255/2)/steps)*j, 0, 255-(255/steps)*j),
color(0, 0, 255-(255/steps)*j),
color(0, 255-(255/steps)*j, (255/2.5)-((255/2.5)/steps)*j),
color(0, 255-(255/steps)*j, 0),
color((255/2)-((255/2)/steps)*j, 255-(255/steps)*j, 0)
};
for (int i = 0; i < segs; i++) {
fill(cols[i]);
arc(width/2, height/2, radius, radius,
interval*i+rotAdjust, interval*(i+1)+rotAdjust);
}
radius -= segWidth;
}
}
void drawTintWheel() {
for (int j = 0; j < steps; j++) {
color[] cols = {
color((255/steps)*j, (255/steps)*j, 0),
color((255/steps)*j, ((255/1.5)/steps)*j, 0),
color((255/steps)*j, ((255/2)/steps)*j, 0),
color((255/steps)*j, ((255/2.5)/steps)*j, 0),
color((255/steps)*j, 0, 0),
color((255/steps)*j, 0, ((255/2)/steps)*j),
color((255/steps)*j, 0, (255/steps)*j),
color(((255/2)/steps)*j, 0, (255/steps)*j),
color(0, 0, (255/steps)*j),
color(0, (255/steps)*j, ((255/2.5)/steps)*j),
color(0, (255/steps)*j, 0),
color(((255/2)/steps)*j, (255/steps)*j, 0)
};
for (int i = 0; i < segs; i++) {
fill(cols[i]);
arc(width/2, height/2, radius, radius,
interval*i+rotAdjust, interval*(i+1)+rotAdjust);
}
radius -= segWidth;
}
}
void draw() {
// nothing happens here
}
void mouseReleased() {
// get the color of the mouse position's pixel:
color targetColor = get(mouseX, mouseY);
// get the component values:
int r = int(red(targetColor));
int g = int(green(targetColor));
int b = int(blue(targetColor));
// make a comma-separated string:
String colorString = r + "," + g + "," + b + "\n";
// send it out the serial port:
myPort.write(colorString );
}
*/