You cannot select more than 25 topics
Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long.
174 lines
8.9 KiB
HTML
174 lines
8.9 KiB
HTML
<html lang="en">
|
|
<head>
|
|
<title>V850 Opcodes - Using as</title>
|
|
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
|
|
<meta name="description" content="Using as">
|
|
<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.7">
|
|
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
|
|
<link rel="up" href="V850_002dDependent.html#V850_002dDependent" title="V850-Dependent">
|
|
<link rel="prev" href="V850-Directives.html#V850-Directives" title="V850 Directives">
|
|
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/" rel="generator-home" title="Texinfo Homepage">
|
|
<!--
|
|
This file documents the GNU Assembler "as".
|
|
|
|
Copyright (C) 1991, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 2000, 2001, 2002,
|
|
2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
|
|
|
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
|
|
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1
|
|
or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
|
|
with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no
|
|
Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the
|
|
section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation License''.
|
|
|
|
man end-->
|
|
<meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css">
|
|
<style type="text/css"><!--
|
|
pre.display { font-family:inherit }
|
|
pre.format { font-family:inherit }
|
|
pre.smalldisplay { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller }
|
|
pre.smallformat { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller }
|
|
pre.smallexample { font-size:smaller }
|
|
pre.smalllisp { font-size:smaller }
|
|
span.sc { font-variant:small-caps }
|
|
span.roman { font-family: serif; font-weight: normal; }
|
|
--></style>
|
|
</head>
|
|
<body>
|
|
<div class="node">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a name="V850-Opcodes"></a>Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="V850-Directives.html#V850-Directives">V850 Directives</a>,
|
|
Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="V850_002dDependent.html#V850_002dDependent">V850-Dependent</a>
|
|
<hr><br>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<h4 class="subsection">9.35.5 Opcodes</h4>
|
|
|
|
<p><a name="index-V850-opcodes-1824"></a><a name="index-opcodes-for-V850-1825"></a><code>as</code> implements all the standard V850 opcodes.
|
|
|
|
<p><code>as</code> also implements the following pseudo ops:
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a name="index-_0040code_007bhi0_007d-pseudo_002dop_002c-V850-1826"></a>
|
|
<dl><dt><code>hi0()</code><dd>Computes the higher 16 bits of the given expression and stores it into
|
|
the immediate operand field of the given instruction. For example:
|
|
|
|
<p><span class="samp">mulhi hi0(here - there), r5, r6</span>
|
|
|
|
<p>computes the difference between the address of labels 'here' and
|
|
'there', takes the upper 16 bits of this difference, shifts it down 16
|
|
bits and then multiplies it by the lower 16 bits in register 5, putting
|
|
the result into register 6.
|
|
|
|
<p><a name="index-_0040code_007blo_007d-pseudo_002dop_002c-V850-1827"></a><br><dt><code>lo()</code><dd>Computes the lower 16 bits of the given expression and stores it into
|
|
the immediate operand field of the given instruction. For example:
|
|
|
|
<p><span class="samp">addi lo(here - there), r5, r6</span>
|
|
|
|
<p>computes the difference between the address of labels 'here' and
|
|
'there', takes the lower 16 bits of this difference and adds it to
|
|
register 5, putting the result into register 6.
|
|
|
|
<p><a name="index-_0040code_007bhi_007d-pseudo_002dop_002c-V850-1828"></a><br><dt><code>hi()</code><dd>Computes the higher 16 bits of the given expression and then adds the
|
|
value of the most significant bit of the lower 16 bits of the expression
|
|
and stores the result into the immediate operand field of the given
|
|
instruction. For example the following code can be used to compute the
|
|
address of the label 'here' and store it into register 6:
|
|
|
|
<p><span class="samp">movhi hi(here), r0, r6</span>
|
|
<span class="samp">movea lo(here), r6, r6</span>
|
|
|
|
<p>The reason for this special behaviour is that movea performs a sign
|
|
extension on its immediate operand. So for example if the address of
|
|
'here' was 0xFFFFFFFF then without the special behaviour of the hi()
|
|
pseudo-op the movhi instruction would put 0xFFFF0000 into r6, then the
|
|
movea instruction would takes its immediate operand, 0xFFFF, sign extend
|
|
it to 32 bits, 0xFFFFFFFF, and then add it into r6 giving 0xFFFEFFFF
|
|
which is wrong (the fifth nibble is E). With the hi() pseudo op adding
|
|
in the top bit of the lo() pseudo op, the movhi instruction actually
|
|
stores 0 into r6 (0xFFFF + 1 = 0x0000), so that the movea instruction
|
|
stores 0xFFFFFFFF into r6 - the right value.
|
|
|
|
<p><a name="index-_0040code_007bhilo_007d-pseudo_002dop_002c-V850-1829"></a><br><dt><code>hilo()</code><dd>Computes the 32 bit value of the given expression and stores it into
|
|
the immediate operand field of the given instruction (which must be a
|
|
mov instruction). For example:
|
|
|
|
<p><span class="samp">mov hilo(here), r6</span>
|
|
|
|
<p>computes the absolute address of label 'here' and puts the result into
|
|
register 6.
|
|
|
|
<p><a name="index-_0040code_007bsdaoff_007d-pseudo_002dop_002c-V850-1830"></a><br><dt><code>sdaoff()</code><dd>Computes the offset of the named variable from the start of the Small
|
|
Data Area (whoes address is held in register 4, the GP register) and
|
|
stores the result as a 16 bit signed value in the immediate operand
|
|
field of the given instruction. For example:
|
|
|
|
<p><span class="samp">ld.w sdaoff(_a_variable)[gp],r6</span>
|
|
|
|
<p>loads the contents of the location pointed to by the label '_a_variable'
|
|
into register 6, provided that the label is located somewhere within +/-
|
|
32K of the address held in the GP register. [Note the linker assumes
|
|
that the GP register contains a fixed address set to the address of the
|
|
label called '__gp'. This can either be set up automatically by the
|
|
linker, or specifically set by using the <span class="samp">--defsym __gp=<value></span>
|
|
command line option].
|
|
|
|
<p><a name="index-_0040code_007btdaoff_007d-pseudo_002dop_002c-V850-1831"></a><br><dt><code>tdaoff()</code><dd>Computes the offset of the named variable from the start of the Tiny
|
|
Data Area (whoes address is held in register 30, the EP register) and
|
|
stores the result as a 4,5, 7 or 8 bit unsigned value in the immediate
|
|
operand field of the given instruction. For example:
|
|
|
|
<p><span class="samp">sld.w tdaoff(_a_variable)[ep],r6</span>
|
|
|
|
<p>loads the contents of the location pointed to by the label '_a_variable'
|
|
into register 6, provided that the label is located somewhere within +256
|
|
bytes of the address held in the EP register. [Note the linker assumes
|
|
that the EP register contains a fixed address set to the address of the
|
|
label called '__ep'. This can either be set up automatically by the
|
|
linker, or specifically set by using the <span class="samp">--defsym __ep=<value></span>
|
|
command line option].
|
|
|
|
<p><a name="index-_0040code_007bzdaoff_007d-pseudo_002dop_002c-V850-1832"></a><br><dt><code>zdaoff()</code><dd>Computes the offset of the named variable from address 0 and stores the
|
|
result as a 16 bit signed value in the immediate operand field of the
|
|
given instruction. For example:
|
|
|
|
<p><span class="samp">movea zdaoff(_a_variable),zero,r6</span>
|
|
|
|
<p>puts the address of the label '_a_variable' into register 6, assuming
|
|
that the label is somewhere within the first 32K of memory. (Strictly
|
|
speaking it also possible to access the last 32K of memory as well, as
|
|
the offsets are signed).
|
|
|
|
<p><a name="index-_0040code_007bctoff_007d-pseudo_002dop_002c-V850-1833"></a><br><dt><code>ctoff()</code><dd>Computes the offset of the named variable from the start of the Call
|
|
Table Area (whoes address is helg in system register 20, the CTBP
|
|
register) and stores the result a 6 or 16 bit unsigned value in the
|
|
immediate field of then given instruction or piece of data. For
|
|
example:
|
|
|
|
<p><span class="samp">callt ctoff(table_func1)</span>
|
|
|
|
<p>will put the call the function whoes address is held in the call table
|
|
at the location labeled 'table_func1'.
|
|
|
|
<p><a name="index-_0040code_007blongcall_007d-pseudo_002dop_002c-V850-1834"></a><br><dt><code>.longcall name</code><dd>Indicates that the following sequence of instructions is a long call
|
|
to function <code>name</code>. The linker will attempt to shorten this call
|
|
sequence if <code>name</code> is within a 22bit offset of the call. Only
|
|
valid if the <code>-mrelax</code> command line switch has been enabled.
|
|
|
|
<p><a name="index-_0040code_007blongjump_007d-pseudo_002dop_002c-V850-1835"></a><br><dt><code>.longjump name</code><dd>Indicates that the following sequence of instructions is a long jump
|
|
to label <code>name</code>. The linker will attempt to shorten this code
|
|
sequence if <code>name</code> is within a 22bit offset of the jump. Only
|
|
valid if the <code>-mrelax</code> command line switch has been enabled.
|
|
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<p>For information on the V850 instruction set, see <cite>V850
|
|
Family 32-/16-Bit single-Chip Microcontroller Architecture Manual</cite> from NEC.
|
|
Ltd.
|
|
|
|
<!-- Copyright (C) 2002, 2003, 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc. -->
|
|
<!-- This is part of the GAS manual. -->
|
|
<!-- For copying conditions, see the file as.texinfo. -->
|
|
</body></html>
|
|
|