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Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
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under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
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or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
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with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no
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<a name="GNU-Free-Documentation-License"></a>Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="Binutils-Index.html#Binutils-Index">Binutils Index</a>,
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Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="Reporting-Bugs.html#Reporting-Bugs">Reporting Bugs</a>,
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Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="index.html#Top">Top</a>
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<hr><br>
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</div>
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<h2 class="appendix">Appendix A GNU Free Documentation License</h2>
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<!-- The GNU Free Documentation License. -->
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<div align="center">Version 1.2, November 2002</div>
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<!-- This file is intended to be included within another document, -->
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<!-- hence no sectioning command or @node. -->
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<pre class="display"> Copyright © 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
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Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
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of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
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</pre>
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<ol type=1 start=0>
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<li>PREAMBLE
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<p>The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
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functional and useful document <dfn>free</dfn> in the sense of freedom: to
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assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it,
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with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially.
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Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way
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to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible
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for modifications made by others.
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<p>This License is a kind of “copyleft”, which means that derivative
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works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It
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complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft
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license designed for free software.
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<p>We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free
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software, because free software needs free documentation: a free
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program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the
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software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals;
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it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or
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whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License
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principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.
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<li>APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
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<p>This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that
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contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be
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distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a
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world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that
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work under the conditions stated herein. The “Document”, below,
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refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a
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licensee, and is addressed as “you”. You accept the license if you
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copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission
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under copyright law.
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<p>A “Modified Version” of the Document means any work containing the
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Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with
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modifications and/or translated into another language.
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|
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<p>A “Secondary Section” is a named appendix or a front-matter section
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of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the
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publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall
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subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall
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directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in
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part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain
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any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical
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connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal,
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commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding
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them.
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<p>The “Invariant Sections” are certain Secondary Sections whose titles
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are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice
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that says that the Document is released under this License. If a
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section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not
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allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero
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Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant
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Sections then there are none.
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|
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<p>The “Cover Texts” are certain short passages of text that are listed,
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as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that
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the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may
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be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words.
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<p>A “Transparent” copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,
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represented in a format whose specification is available to the
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general public, that is suitable for revising the document
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straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of
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pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available
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drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or
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for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input
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to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file
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format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart
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or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent.
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An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount
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of text. A copy that is not “Transparent” is called “Opaque”.
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|
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<p>Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain
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<span class="sc">ascii</span> without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input
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format, <acronym>SGML</acronym> or <acronym>XML</acronym> using a publicly available
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<acronym>DTD</acronym>, and standard-conforming simple <acronym>HTML</acronym>,
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PostScript or <acronym>PDF</acronym> designed for human modification. Examples
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of transparent image formats include <acronym>PNG</acronym>, <acronym>XCF</acronym> and
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<acronym>JPG</acronym>. Opaque formats include proprietary formats that can be
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read and edited only by proprietary word processors, <acronym>SGML</acronym> or
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<acronym>XML</acronym> for which the <acronym>DTD</acronym> and/or processing tools are
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not generally available, and the machine-generated <acronym>HTML</acronym>,
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PostScript or <acronym>PDF</acronym> produced by some word processors for
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output purposes only.
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<p>The “Title Page” means, for a printed book, the title page itself,
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plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material
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this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in
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formats which do not have any title page as such, “Title Page” means
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the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title,
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preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
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|
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<p>A section “Entitled XYZ” means a named subunit of the Document whose
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title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following
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text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a
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specific section name mentioned below, such as “Acknowledgements”,
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“Dedications”, “Endorsements”, or “History”.) To “Preserve the Title”
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of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a
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section “Entitled XYZ” according to this definition.
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<p>The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which
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states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty
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Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this
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License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other
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implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has
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no effect on the meaning of this License.
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<li>VERBATIM COPYING
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<p>You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
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commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
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copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies
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to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other
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conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use
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technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further
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copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept
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compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough
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number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
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<p>You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and
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you may publicly display copies.
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<li>COPYING IN QUANTITY
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<p>If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have
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printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the
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Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the
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copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover
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Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on
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the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify
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you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present
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the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and
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visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition.
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Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve
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the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated
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as verbatim copying in other respects.
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<p>If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
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legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
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reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent
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pages.
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<p>If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering
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more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent
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copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy
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a computer-network location from which the general network-using
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public has access to download using public-standard network protocols
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a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material.
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If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps,
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when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure
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that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated
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location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an
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Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that
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edition to the public.
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|
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<p>It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
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Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give
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them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.
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|
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<li>MODIFICATIONS
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<p>You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under
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the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release
|
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the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified
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Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution
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and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy
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of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:
|
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|
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<ol type=A start=1>
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<li>Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct
|
|
from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions
|
|
(which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section
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of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version
|
|
if the original publisher of that version gives permission.
|
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<li>List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities
|
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responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified
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Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the
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Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five),
|
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unless they release you from this requirement.
|
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<li>State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the
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Modified Version, as the publisher.
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<li>Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
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<li>Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
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adjacent to the other copyright notices.
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<li>Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice
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giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the
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terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
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<li>Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections
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and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.
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<li>Include an unaltered copy of this License.
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<li>Preserve the section Entitled “History”, Preserve its Title, and add
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to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and
|
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publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If
|
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there is no section Entitled “History” in the Document, create one
|
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stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as
|
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given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified
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Version as stated in the previous sentence.
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<li>Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for
|
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public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise
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the network locations given in the Document for previous versions
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it was based on. These may be placed in the “History” section.
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You may omit a network location for a work that was published at
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least four years before the Document itself, or if the original
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publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
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<li>For any section Entitled “Acknowledgements” or “Dedications”, Preserve
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the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all the
|
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substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or
|
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dedications given therein.
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<li>Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
|
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unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers
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or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
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<li>Delete any section Entitled “Endorsements”. Such a section
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may not be included in the Modified Version.
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<li>Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled “Endorsements” or
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to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
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<li>Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
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</ol>
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<p>If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
|
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appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material
|
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copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all
|
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of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the
|
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list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice.
|
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These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
|
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|
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<p>You may add a section Entitled “Endorsements”, provided it contains
|
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nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
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parties—for example, statements of peer review or that the text has
|
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been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
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standard.
|
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<p>You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a
|
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passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list
|
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of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of
|
|
Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or
|
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through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already
|
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includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or
|
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by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of,
|
|
you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit
|
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permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.
|
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<p>The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License
|
|
give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or
|
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imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
|
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|
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<li>COMBINING DOCUMENTS
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<p>You may combine the Document with other documents released under this
|
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License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified
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versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the
|
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Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and
|
|
list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its
|
|
license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.
|
|
|
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<p>The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
|
|
multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
|
|
copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
|
|
different contents, make the title of each such section unique by
|
|
adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original
|
|
author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number.
|
|
Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of
|
|
Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
|
|
|
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<p>In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled “History”
|
|
in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled
|
|
“History”; likewise combine any sections Entitled “Acknowledgements”,
|
|
and any sections Entitled “Dedications”. You must delete all
|
|
sections Entitled “Endorsements.”
|
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|
|
<li>COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
|
|
|
|
<p>You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents
|
|
released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this
|
|
License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in
|
|
the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for
|
|
verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.
|
|
|
|
<p>You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute
|
|
it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this
|
|
License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all
|
|
other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.
|
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|
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<li>AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
|
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|
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<p>A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate
|
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and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
|
|
distribution medium, is called an “aggregate” if the copyright
|
|
resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights
|
|
of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit.
|
|
When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not
|
|
apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves
|
|
derivative works of the Document.
|
|
|
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<p>If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
|
|
copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of
|
|
the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on
|
|
covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the
|
|
electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form.
|
|
Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole
|
|
aggregate.
|
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|
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<li>TRANSLATION
|
|
|
|
<p>Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
|
|
distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4.
|
|
Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
|
|
permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
|
|
translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
|
|
original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a
|
|
translation of this License, and all the license notices in the
|
|
Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include
|
|
the original English version of this License and the original versions
|
|
of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between
|
|
the translation and the original version of this License or a notice
|
|
or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.
|
|
|
|
<p>If a section in the Document is Entitled “Acknowledgements”,
|
|
“Dedications”, or “History”, the requirement (section 4) to Preserve
|
|
its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual
|
|
title.
|
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|
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<li>TERMINATION
|
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|
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<p>You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except
|
|
as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to
|
|
copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
|
|
automatically terminate your rights under this License. However,
|
|
parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this
|
|
License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
|
|
parties remain in full compliance.
|
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|
|
<li>FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
|
|
|
|
<p>The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions
|
|
of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new
|
|
versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
|
|
differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See
|
|
<a href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/">http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/</a>.
|
|
|
|
<p>Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number.
|
|
If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this
|
|
License “or any later version” applies to it, you have the option of
|
|
following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or
|
|
of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
|
|
Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version
|
|
number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
|
|
as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.
|
|
</ol>
|
|
|
|
<h3 class="heading">ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents</h3>
|
|
|
|
<p>To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
|
|
the License in the document and put the following copyright and
|
|
license notices just after the title page:
|
|
|
|
<pre class="smallexample"> Copyright (C) <var>year</var> <var>your name</var>.
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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
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|
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
|
|
or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
|
|
with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover
|
|
Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU
|
|
Free Documentation License''.
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|
</pre>
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|
<p>If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts,
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|
replace the “with<small class="dots">...</small>Texts.” line with this:
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|
|
|
<pre class="smallexample"> with the Invariant Sections being <var>list their titles</var>, with
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|
the Front-Cover Texts being <var>list</var>, and with the Back-Cover Texts
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|
being <var>list</var>.
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|
</pre>
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|
<p>If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
|
|
combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
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|
situation.
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|
|
|
<p>If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
|
|
recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
|
|
free software license, such as the GNU General Public License,
|
|
to permit their use in free software.
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