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This file documents the BFD library.
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Copyright (C) 1991, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
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under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or
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any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the
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Invariant Sections being ``GNU General Public License'' and ``Funding
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Free Software'', the Front-Cover texts being (a) (see below), and with
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<div class="node">
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<p>
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<a name="Opening-and-Closing"></a>Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="Internal.html#Internal">Internal</a>,
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Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="Architectures.html#Architectures">Architectures</a>,
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Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="BFD-front-end.html#BFD-front-end">BFD front end</a>
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<hr><br>
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</div>
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<h3 class="section">2.14 Opening and closing BFDs</h3>
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<h4 class="subsection">2.14.1 Functions for opening and closing</h4>
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<p><a name="index-bfd_005ffopen-1337"></a>
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<h5 class="subsubsection">2.14.1.1 <code>bfd_fopen</code></h5>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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<pre class="example"> bfd *bfd_fopen (const char *filename, const char *target,
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const char *mode, int fd);
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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Open the file <var>filename</var> with the target <var>target</var>.
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Return a pointer to the created BFD. If <var>fd</var> is not -1,
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then <code>fdopen</code> is used to open the file; otherwise, <code>fopen</code>
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is used. <var>mode</var> is passed directly to <code>fopen</code> or
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<code>fdopen</code>.
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<p>Calls <code>bfd_find_target</code>, so <var>target</var> is interpreted as by
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that function.
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<p>The new BFD is marked as cacheable iff <var>fd</var> is -1.
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<p>If <code>NULL</code> is returned then an error has occured. Possible errors
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are <code>bfd_error_no_memory</code>, <code>bfd_error_invalid_target</code> or
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<code>system_call</code> error.
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<p><a name="index-bfd_005fopenr-1338"></a>
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<h5 class="subsubsection">2.14.1.2 <code>bfd_openr</code></h5>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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<pre class="example"> bfd *bfd_openr (const char *filename, const char *target);
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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Open the file <var>filename</var> (using <code>fopen</code>) with the target
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<var>target</var>. Return a pointer to the created BFD.
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<p>Calls <code>bfd_find_target</code>, so <var>target</var> is interpreted as by
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that function.
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<p>If <code>NULL</code> is returned then an error has occured. Possible errors
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are <code>bfd_error_no_memory</code>, <code>bfd_error_invalid_target</code> or
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<code>system_call</code> error.
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<p><a name="index-bfd_005ffdopenr-1339"></a>
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<h5 class="subsubsection">2.14.1.3 <code>bfd_fdopenr</code></h5>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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<pre class="example"> bfd *bfd_fdopenr (const char *filename, const char *target, int fd);
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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<code>bfd_fdopenr</code> is to <code>bfd_fopenr</code> much like <code>fdopen</code> is to
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<code>fopen</code>. It opens a BFD on a file already described by the
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<var>fd</var> supplied.
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<p>When the file is later <code>bfd_close</code>d, the file descriptor will
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be closed. If the caller desires that this file descriptor be
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cached by BFD (opened as needed, closed as needed to free
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descriptors for other opens), with the supplied <var>fd</var> used as
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an initial file descriptor (but subject to closure at any time),
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call bfd_set_cacheable(bfd, 1) on the returned BFD. The default
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is to assume no caching; the file descriptor will remain open
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until <code>bfd_close</code>, and will not be affected by BFD operations
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on other files.
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<p>Possible errors are <code>bfd_error_no_memory</code>,
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<code>bfd_error_invalid_target</code> and <code>bfd_error_system_call</code>.
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<p><a name="index-bfd_005fopenstreamr-1340"></a>
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<h5 class="subsubsection">2.14.1.4 <code>bfd_openstreamr</code></h5>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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<pre class="example"> bfd *bfd_openstreamr (const char *, const char *, void *);
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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Open a BFD for read access on an existing stdio stream. When
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the BFD is passed to <code>bfd_close</code>, the stream will be closed.
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<p><a name="index-bfd_005fopenr_005fiovec-1341"></a>
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<h5 class="subsubsection">2.14.1.5 <code>bfd_openr_iovec</code></h5>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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<pre class="example"> bfd *bfd_openr_iovec (const char *filename, const char *target,
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void *(*open) (struct bfd *nbfd,
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void *open_closure),
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void *open_closure,
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file_ptr (*pread) (struct bfd *nbfd,
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void *stream,
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void *buf,
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file_ptr nbytes,
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file_ptr offset),
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int (*close) (struct bfd *nbfd,
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void *stream),
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int (*stat) (struct bfd *abfd,
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void *stream,
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struct stat *sb));
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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Create and return a BFD backed by a read-only <var>stream</var>.
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The <var>stream</var> is created using <var>open</var>, accessed using
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<var>pread</var> and destroyed using <var>close</var>.
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<p>Calls <code>bfd_find_target</code>, so <var>target</var> is interpreted as by
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that function.
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<p>Calls <var>open</var> (which can call <code>bfd_zalloc</code> and
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<code>bfd_get_filename</code>) to obtain the read-only stream backing
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the BFD. <var>open</var> either succeeds returning the
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non-<code>NULL</code> <var>stream</var>, or fails returning <code>NULL</code>
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(setting <code>bfd_error</code>).
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<p>Calls <var>pread</var> to request <var>nbytes</var> of data from
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<var>stream</var> starting at <var>offset</var> (e.g., via a call to
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<code>bfd_read</code>). <var>pread</var> either succeeds returning the
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number of bytes read (which can be less than <var>nbytes</var> when
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end-of-file), or fails returning -1 (setting <code>bfd_error</code>).
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<p>Calls <var>close</var> when the BFD is later closed using
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<code>bfd_close</code>. <var>close</var> either succeeds returning 0, or
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fails returning -1 (setting <code>bfd_error</code>).
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<p>Calls <var>stat</var> to fill in a stat structure for bfd_stat,
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bfd_get_size, and bfd_get_mtime calls. <var>stat</var> returns 0
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on success, or returns -1 on failure (setting <code>bfd_error</code>).
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<p>If <code>bfd_openr_iovec</code> returns <code>NULL</code> then an error has
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occurred. Possible errors are <code>bfd_error_no_memory</code>,
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<code>bfd_error_invalid_target</code> and <code>bfd_error_system_call</code>.
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<p><a name="index-bfd_005fopenw-1342"></a>
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<h5 class="subsubsection">2.14.1.6 <code>bfd_openw</code></h5>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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<pre class="example"> bfd *bfd_openw (const char *filename, const char *target);
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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Create a BFD, associated with file <var>filename</var>, using the
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file format <var>target</var>, and return a pointer to it.
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<p>Possible errors are <code>bfd_error_system_call</code>, <code>bfd_error_no_memory</code>,
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<code>bfd_error_invalid_target</code>.
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<p><a name="index-bfd_005fclose-1343"></a>
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<h5 class="subsubsection">2.14.1.7 <code>bfd_close</code></h5>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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<pre class="example"> bfd_boolean bfd_close (bfd *abfd);
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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Close a BFD. If the BFD was open for writing, then pending
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operations are completed and the file written out and closed.
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If the created file is executable, then <code>chmod</code> is called
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to mark it as such.
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<p>All memory attached to the BFD is released.
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<p>The file descriptor associated with the BFD is closed (even
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if it was passed in to BFD by <code>bfd_fdopenr</code>).
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<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
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<code>TRUE</code> is returned if all is ok, otherwise <code>FALSE</code>.
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<p><a name="index-bfd_005fclose_005fall_005fdone-1344"></a>
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<h5 class="subsubsection">2.14.1.8 <code>bfd_close_all_done</code></h5>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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<pre class="example"> bfd_boolean bfd_close_all_done (bfd *);
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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Close a BFD. Differs from <code>bfd_close</code> since it does not
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complete any pending operations. This routine would be used
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if the application had just used BFD for swapping and didn't
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want to use any of the writing code.
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<p>If the created file is executable, then <code>chmod</code> is called
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to mark it as such.
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<p>All memory attached to the BFD is released.
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<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
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<code>TRUE</code> is returned if all is ok, otherwise <code>FALSE</code>.
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<p><a name="index-bfd_005fcreate-1345"></a>
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<h5 class="subsubsection">2.14.1.9 <code>bfd_create</code></h5>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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<pre class="example"> bfd *bfd_create (const char *filename, bfd *templ);
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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Create a new BFD in the manner of <code>bfd_openw</code>, but without
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opening a file. The new BFD takes the target from the target
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used by <var>template</var>. The format is always set to <code>bfd_object</code>.
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<p><a name="index-bfd_005fmake_005fwritable-1346"></a>
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<h5 class="subsubsection">2.14.1.10 <code>bfd_make_writable</code></h5>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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<pre class="example"> bfd_boolean bfd_make_writable (bfd *abfd);
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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Takes a BFD as created by <code>bfd_create</code> and converts it
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into one like as returned by <code>bfd_openw</code>. It does this
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by converting the BFD to BFD_IN_MEMORY. It's assumed that
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you will call <code>bfd_make_readable</code> on this bfd later.
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<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
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<code>TRUE</code> is returned if all is ok, otherwise <code>FALSE</code>.
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<p><a name="index-bfd_005fmake_005freadable-1347"></a>
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<h5 class="subsubsection">2.14.1.11 <code>bfd_make_readable</code></h5>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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<pre class="example"> bfd_boolean bfd_make_readable (bfd *abfd);
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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Takes a BFD as created by <code>bfd_create</code> and
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<code>bfd_make_writable</code> and converts it into one like as
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returned by <code>bfd_openr</code>. It does this by writing the
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contents out to the memory buffer, then reversing the
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direction.
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<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
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<code>TRUE</code> is returned if all is ok, otherwise <code>FALSE</code>.
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<p><a name="index-bfd_005falloc-1348"></a>
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<h5 class="subsubsection">2.14.1.12 <code>bfd_alloc</code></h5>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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<pre class="example"> void *bfd_alloc (bfd *abfd, bfd_size_type wanted);
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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Allocate a block of <var>wanted</var> bytes of memory attached to
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<code>abfd</code> and return a pointer to it.
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<p><a name="index-bfd_005falloc2-1349"></a>
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<h5 class="subsubsection">2.14.1.13 <code>bfd_alloc2</code></h5>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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<pre class="example"> void *bfd_alloc2 (bfd *abfd, bfd_size_type nmemb, bfd_size_type size);
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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Allocate a block of <var>nmemb</var> elements of <var>size</var> bytes each
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of memory attached to <code>abfd</code> and return a pointer to it.
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<p><a name="index-bfd_005fzalloc-1350"></a>
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<h5 class="subsubsection">2.14.1.14 <code>bfd_zalloc</code></h5>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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<pre class="example"> void *bfd_zalloc (bfd *abfd, bfd_size_type wanted);
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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Allocate a block of <var>wanted</var> bytes of zeroed memory
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attached to <code>abfd</code> and return a pointer to it.
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<p><a name="index-bfd_005fzalloc2-1351"></a>
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<h5 class="subsubsection">2.14.1.15 <code>bfd_zalloc2</code></h5>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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<pre class="example"> void *bfd_zalloc2 (bfd *abfd, bfd_size_type nmemb, bfd_size_type size);
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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Allocate a block of <var>nmemb</var> elements of <var>size</var> bytes each
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of zeroed memory attached to <code>abfd</code> and return a pointer to it.
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<p><a name="index-bfd_005fcalc_005fgnu_005fdebuglink_005fcrc32-1352"></a>
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<h5 class="subsubsection">2.14.1.16 <code>bfd_calc_gnu_debuglink_crc32</code></h5>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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<pre class="example"> unsigned long bfd_calc_gnu_debuglink_crc32
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(unsigned long crc, const unsigned char *buf, bfd_size_type len);
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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Computes a CRC value as used in the .gnu_debuglink section.
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Advances the previously computed <var>crc</var> value by computing
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and adding in the crc32 for <var>len</var> bytes of <var>buf</var>.
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<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
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Return the updated CRC32 value.
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<p><a name="index-get_005fdebug_005flink_005finfo-1353"></a>
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<h5 class="subsubsection">2.14.1.17 <code>get_debug_link_info</code></h5>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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<pre class="example"> char *get_debug_link_info (bfd *abfd, unsigned long *crc32_out);
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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fetch the filename and CRC32 value for any separate debuginfo
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associated with <var>abfd</var>. Return NULL if no such info found,
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otherwise return filename and update <var>crc32_out</var>.
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<p><a name="index-separate_005fdebug_005ffile_005fexists-1354"></a>
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<h5 class="subsubsection">2.14.1.18 <code>separate_debug_file_exists</code></h5>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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<pre class="example"> bfd_boolean separate_debug_file_exists
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(char *name, unsigned long crc32);
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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Checks to see if <var>name</var> is a file and if its contents
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match <var>crc32</var>.
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<p><a name="index-find_005fseparate_005fdebug_005ffile-1355"></a>
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<h5 class="subsubsection">2.14.1.19 <code>find_separate_debug_file</code></h5>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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<pre class="example"> char *find_separate_debug_file (bfd *abfd);
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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Searches <var>abfd</var> for a reference to separate debugging
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information, scans various locations in the filesystem, including
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the file tree rooted at <var>debug_file_directory</var>, and returns a
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filename of such debugging information if the file is found and has
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matching CRC32. Returns NULL if no reference to debugging file
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exists, or file cannot be found.
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<p><a name="index-bfd_005ffollow_005fgnu_005fdebuglink-1356"></a>
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<h5 class="subsubsection">2.14.1.20 <code>bfd_follow_gnu_debuglink</code></h5>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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<pre class="example"> char *bfd_follow_gnu_debuglink (bfd *abfd, const char *dir);
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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Takes a BFD and searches it for a .gnu_debuglink section. If this
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section is found, it examines the section for the name and checksum
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of a '.debug' file containing auxiliary debugging information. It
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then searches the filesystem for this .debug file in some standard
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locations, including the directory tree rooted at <var>dir</var>, and if
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found returns the full filename.
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<p>If <var>dir</var> is NULL, it will search a default path configured into
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libbfd at build time. [XXX this feature is not currently
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implemented].
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<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
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<code>NULL</code> on any errors or failure to locate the .debug file,
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otherwise a pointer to a heap-allocated string containing the
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filename. The caller is responsible for freeing this string.
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<p><a name="index-bfd_005fcreate_005fgnu_005fdebuglink_005fsection-1357"></a>
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<h5 class="subsubsection">2.14.1.21 <code>bfd_create_gnu_debuglink_section</code></h5>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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<pre class="example"> struct bfd_section *bfd_create_gnu_debuglink_section
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(bfd *abfd, const char *filename);
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</pre>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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Takes a <var>BFD</var> and adds a .gnu_debuglink section to it. The section is sized
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to be big enough to contain a link to the specified <var>filename</var>.
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<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
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A pointer to the new section is returned if all is ok. Otherwise <code>NULL</code> is
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returned and bfd_error is set.
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<p><a name="index-bfd_005ffill_005fin_005fgnu_005fdebuglink_005fsection-1358"></a>
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<h5 class="subsubsection">2.14.1.22 <code>bfd_fill_in_gnu_debuglink_section</code></h5>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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|
<pre class="example"> bfd_boolean bfd_fill_in_gnu_debuglink_section
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|
(bfd *abfd, struct bfd_section *sect, const char *filename);
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|
</pre>
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|
<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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|
Takes a <var>BFD</var> and containing a .gnu_debuglink section <var>SECT</var>
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|
and fills in the contents of the section to contain a link to the
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|
specified <var>filename</var>. The filename should be relative to the
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|
current directory.
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|
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<p><strong>Returns</strong><br>
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<code>TRUE</code> is returned if all is ok. Otherwise <code>FALSE</code> is returned
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|
and bfd_error is set.
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</body></html>
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