153 lines
7.9 KiB
HTML
153 lines
7.9 KiB
HTML
<html lang="en">
|
|
<head>
|
|
<title>Input Section Wildcards - Untitled</title>
|
|
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
|
|
<meta name="description" content="Untitled">
|
|
<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.7">
|
|
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
|
|
<link rel="up" href="Input-Section.html#Input-Section" title="Input Section">
|
|
<link rel="prev" href="Input-Section-Basics.html#Input-Section-Basics" title="Input Section Basics">
|
|
<link rel="next" href="Input-Section-Common.html#Input-Section-Common" title="Input Section Common">
|
|
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/" rel="generator-home" title="Texinfo Homepage">
|
|
<!--
|
|
This file documents the GNU linker LD
|
|
(GNU Binutils)
|
|
version 2.19.
|
|
|
|
Copyright (C) 1991, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 2000,
|
|
2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
|
|
|
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
|
|
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1
|
|
or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
|
|
with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no
|
|
Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the
|
|
section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation License''.-->
|
|
<meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css">
|
|
<style type="text/css"><!--
|
|
pre.display { font-family:inherit }
|
|
pre.format { font-family:inherit }
|
|
pre.smalldisplay { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller }
|
|
pre.smallformat { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller }
|
|
pre.smallexample { font-size:smaller }
|
|
pre.smalllisp { font-size:smaller }
|
|
span.sc { font-variant:small-caps }
|
|
span.roman { font-family: serif; font-weight: normal; }
|
|
--></style>
|
|
</head>
|
|
<body>
|
|
<div class="node">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a name="Input-Section-Wildcards"></a>Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="Input-Section-Common.html#Input-Section-Common">Input Section Common</a>,
|
|
Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="Input-Section-Basics.html#Input-Section-Basics">Input Section Basics</a>,
|
|
Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="Input-Section.html#Input-Section">Input Section</a>
|
|
<hr><br>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<h5 class="subsubsection">3.6.4.2 Input Section Wildcard Patterns</h5>
|
|
|
|
<p><a name="index-input-section-wildcards-369"></a><a name="index-wildcard-file-name-patterns-370"></a><a name="index-file-name-wildcard-patterns-371"></a><a name="index-section-name-wildcard-patterns-372"></a>In an input section description, either the file name or the section
|
|
name or both may be wildcard patterns.
|
|
|
|
<p>The file name of <span class="samp">*</span> seen in many examples is a simple wildcard
|
|
pattern for the file name.
|
|
|
|
<p>The wildcard patterns are like those used by the Unix shell.
|
|
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt><span class="samp">*</span><dd>matches any number of characters
|
|
<br><dt><span class="samp">?</span><dd>matches any single character
|
|
<br><dt><span class="samp">[</span><var>chars</var><span class="samp">]</span><dd>matches a single instance of any of the <var>chars</var>; the <span class="samp">-</span>
|
|
character may be used to specify a range of characters, as in
|
|
<span class="samp">[a-z]</span> to match any lower case letter
|
|
<br><dt><span class="samp">\</span><dd>quotes the following character
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<p>When a file name is matched with a wildcard, the wildcard characters
|
|
will not match a <span class="samp">/</span> character (used to separate directory names on
|
|
Unix). A pattern consisting of a single <span class="samp">*</span> character is an
|
|
exception; it will always match any file name, whether it contains a
|
|
<span class="samp">/</span> or not. In a section name, the wildcard characters will match
|
|
a <span class="samp">/</span> character.
|
|
|
|
<p>File name wildcard patterns only match files which are explicitly
|
|
specified on the command line or in an <code>INPUT</code> command. The linker
|
|
does not search directories to expand wildcards.
|
|
|
|
<p>If a file name matches more than one wildcard pattern, or if a file name
|
|
appears explicitly and is also matched by a wildcard pattern, the linker
|
|
will use the first match in the linker script. For example, this
|
|
sequence of input section descriptions is probably in error, because the
|
|
<span class="file">data.o</span> rule will not be used:
|
|
<pre class="smallexample"> .data : { *(.data) }
|
|
.data1 : { data.o(.data) }
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<p><a name="index-SORT_005fBY_005fNAME-373"></a>Normally, the linker will place files and sections matched by wildcards
|
|
in the order in which they are seen during the link. You can change
|
|
this by using the <code>SORT_BY_NAME</code> keyword, which appears before a wildcard
|
|
pattern in parentheses (e.g., <code>SORT_BY_NAME(.text*)</code>). When the
|
|
<code>SORT_BY_NAME</code> keyword is used, the linker will sort the files or sections
|
|
into ascending order by name before placing them in the output file.
|
|
|
|
<p><a name="index-SORT_005fBY_005fALIGNMENT-374"></a><code>SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT</code> is very similar to <code>SORT_BY_NAME</code>. The
|
|
difference is <code>SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT</code> will sort sections into
|
|
ascending order by alignment before placing them in the output file.
|
|
|
|
<p><a name="index-SORT-375"></a><code>SORT</code> is an alias for <code>SORT_BY_NAME</code>.
|
|
|
|
<p>When there are nested section sorting commands in linker script, there
|
|
can be at most 1 level of nesting for section sorting commands.
|
|
|
|
<ol type=1 start=1>
|
|
<li><code>SORT_BY_NAME</code> (<code>SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT</code> (wildcard section pattern)).
|
|
It will sort the input sections by name first, then by alignment if 2
|
|
sections have the same name.
|
|
<li><code>SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT</code> (<code>SORT_BY_NAME</code> (wildcard section pattern)).
|
|
It will sort the input sections by alignment first, then by name if 2
|
|
sections have the same alignment.
|
|
<li><code>SORT_BY_NAME</code> (<code>SORT_BY_NAME</code> (wildcard section pattern)) is
|
|
treated the same as <code>SORT_BY_NAME</code> (wildcard section pattern).
|
|
<li><code>SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT</code> (<code>SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT</code> (wildcard section pattern))
|
|
is treated the same as <code>SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT</code> (wildcard section pattern).
|
|
<li>All other nested section sorting commands are invalid.
|
|
</ol>
|
|
|
|
<p>When both command line section sorting option and linker script
|
|
section sorting command are used, section sorting command always
|
|
takes precedence over the command line option.
|
|
|
|
<p>If the section sorting command in linker script isn't nested, the
|
|
command line option will make the section sorting command to be
|
|
treated as nested sorting command.
|
|
|
|
<ol type=1 start=1>
|
|
<li><code>SORT_BY_NAME</code> (wildcard section pattern ) with
|
|
<span class="option">--sort-sections alignment</span> is equivalent to
|
|
<code>SORT_BY_NAME</code> (<code>SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT</code> (wildcard section pattern)).
|
|
<li><code>SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT</code> (wildcard section pattern) with
|
|
<span class="option">--sort-section name</span> is equivalent to
|
|
<code>SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT</code> (<code>SORT_BY_NAME</code> (wildcard section pattern)).
|
|
</ol>
|
|
|
|
<p>If the section sorting command in linker script is nested, the
|
|
command line option will be ignored.
|
|
|
|
<p>If you ever get confused about where input sections are going, use the
|
|
<span class="samp">-M</span> linker option to generate a map file. The map file shows
|
|
precisely how input sections are mapped to output sections.
|
|
|
|
<p>This example shows how wildcard patterns might be used to partition
|
|
files. This linker script directs the linker to place all <span class="samp">.text</span>
|
|
sections in <span class="samp">.text</span> and all <span class="samp">.bss</span> sections in <span class="samp">.bss</span>.
|
|
The linker will place the <span class="samp">.data</span> section from all files beginning
|
|
with an upper case character in <span class="samp">.DATA</span>; for all other files, the
|
|
linker will place the <span class="samp">.data</span> section in <span class="samp">.data</span>.
|
|
<pre class="smallexample"> SECTIONS {
|
|
.text : { *(.text) }
|
|
.DATA : { [A-Z]*(.data) }
|
|
.data : { *(.data) }
|
|
.bss : { *(.bss) }
|
|
}
|
|
</pre>
|
|
</body></html>
|
|
|