diff --git a/src/mods4pandas/lib.py b/src/mods4pandas/lib.py
index 4bf182f..ff33c2a 100644
--- a/src/mods4pandas/lib.py
+++ b/src/mods4pandas/lib.py
@@ -187,6 +187,13 @@ class TagGroup:
                 warnings.warn("Changed scriptTerm authority to lower case")
         return self
 
+    def add_missing_type_text(self) -> TagGroup:
+        for e in self.group:
+            if not e.attrib.get("type") == "text":
+                e.attrib["type"] = "text"
+                warnings.warn("Added type='text')")
+        return self
+
     def merge_sub_tags_to_set(self) -> dict:
         from .mods4pandas import mods_to_dict
 
diff --git a/src/mods4pandas/mods4pandas.py b/src/mods4pandas/mods4pandas.py
index e31ce07..3252999 100755
--- a/src/mods4pandas/mods4pandas.py
+++ b/src/mods4pandas/mods4pandas.py
@@ -99,6 +99,7 @@ def mods_to_dict(mods, raise_errors=True):
             value["placeTerm"] = (
                 TagGroup(tag, group)
                 .is_singleton()
+                .add_missing_type_text()
                 .has_attributes({"type": "text"})
                 .text()
             )